航空煤油泵轴尾机械密封副材料特性
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摘要
为选择适合在航空煤油介质中工作的机械密封副材料,对材料的摩擦特性进行了研究,利用摩擦磨损试验机得到不同工况条件与表面粗糙度下材料的摩擦因数、温升,在原子力显微镜(AFM)下对3组典型配对材料的微观磨损形貌进行观测,分析磨粒磨损和黏着磨损的行为差异,计算磨损的关键参数。研究发现:聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)在既定条件下为性能最佳的软材料;硬材料表面粗糙度值为0.05时的摩擦性能最佳,不同硬材料间性能差异不大。研究发现PTFE在配磨材料上产生的犁沟效应最轻微,黏附的元素颗粒最少;黏着磨损会造成表面高度分布函数的偏移,利用离散化求解公式得到了黏着体积与平均黏着厚度。
In order to select the mechanical seal materials suitable for working in aviation kerosene,the frictional characteristics of these materials were studied.Through the friction-wear tester,the friction coefficients and the temperature rise of materials were obtained under different working conditions and surface roughness.The microscopic wear morphology was observed for three groups of typical matching materials under the atomic force microscope(AFM).The differences between abrasive wear and adhesive wear were analyzed,and the key parameters of wears were calculated.It found that,when the conditions were set,polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)was the best soft material,and the hard materials got the best friction performance when their surface roughness equaled 0.05.Besides,different materials had few differences in their performance.It also found that PTFE caused the least amount of element migration on hard surface which,in turn,caused the smallest single abrasive grain grooves.The adhesive wear caused the migration of surface height distribution function.In addition,the adhesive volume and average adhesive thickness were inferred by discretization solving formula.
In order to select the mechanical seal materials suitable for working in aviation kerosene,the frictional characteristics of these materials were studied.Through the friction-wear tester,the friction coefficients and the temperature rise of materials were obtained under different working conditions and surface roughness.The microscopic wear morphology was observed for three groups of typical matching materials under the atomic force microscope(AFM).The differences between abrasive wear and adhesive wear were analyzed,and the key parameters of wears were calculated.It found that,when the conditions were set,polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)was the best soft material,and the hard materials got the best friction performance when their surface roughness equaled 0.05.Besides,different materials had few differences in their performance.It also found that PTFE caused the least amount of element migration on hard surface which,in turn,caused the smallest single abrasive grain grooves.The adhesive wear caused the migration of surface height distribution function.In addition,the adhesive volume and average adhesive thickness were inferred by discretization solving formula.
引文
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[2]刘长福,邓明.航空发动机结构设计[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社,2006.
[3]陈永琴,苏三买,常博博.航空燃油柱塞泵运动学参数计算的坐标法[J].航空动力学报,2010,25(2):466-470.CHEN Yongqin,SU Sanmai,CHANG Bobo.Coordinates calculation method for kinematics parameter of aeroengine fuel piston pump[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2010,25(2):466-470.(in Chinese)
[4]王存堂,徐国芳,陈刚,等.油箱液体增压器的结构与性能分析[J].液压与气动,2008(3):64-66.WANG Cuntang,XU Guofang,CHEN Gang,et al.Structure and performance analysis of liquid booster for oil tank[J].Chinese Hydraulics and Pneumatics,2008(3):64-66.(in Chinese)
[5]成大先.机械设计手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[6]张国渊,赵伟刚,陈垚,等.非接触动静结合型机械密封的主动可控性及其脱开机理[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(10):2515-2522.ZHANG Guoyuan,ZHAO Weigang,CHEN Yao,el.Active controllability and separation mechanical of non-contact hydrostatic mechanical seal[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2014,29(10):2515-2522.(in Chinese)
[7]柳荫.某型高压燃油泵的设计研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2007.LIU Yin.Research and design of a high pressure fuel pump[D].Nanijing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2007.(in Chinese)
[8]张玲洁.颗粒、晶须强韧化碳化硅陶瓷在密封环中的应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2012.ZHANG Lingjie.Preparation of silicon carbide ceramics reinforced by particles or/and whiskers and their application in mechanical seals[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2012.(in Chinese)
[9]KIM D K,SHOU I J.A study on the metal carbide composite diffusion bonding for mechanical seal[J].Archives of Metallurgy and Materials,2015,60(2):1479-1483.
[10]KOVALCHENKO A M.Development of ultrananocrystalline diamond(UNCD)coatings for multipurpose mechanical pump seals[J].Wear,2011,270(3/4):325-331.
[11]SUMANT A V,KRAUSS A R,GRUEN D M,et al.Ultrananocrystalline diamond film as a wear-resistant and protective coating for mechanical seal applications[J].Tribology Transactions,2005,48(1):24-31.
[12]ETSION I,MICHAEL O.Enhancing sealing and dynamic performance with partially porous mechanical face seals[J].Tribology Transactions,1994,37(4):701-710.
[13]ETSION I,BURSTEIN L.A model for mechanical seals with regular microsurface structure[J].Tribology Transactions,1996,39(3):677-683.
[14]ETSION I,KLIGERMAN Y.Analytical and experimental investigation of laser-textured mechanical seals faced[J].Tribology Transactions,1999,42(3):511-516.
[15]HALPERIN I E G.A laser surface textured hydrostatic mechanical seal[J].Tribology Transactions,2002,45(3):430-434.
[16]顾永泉.机械密封实用技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005.
[17]TOMIOKA J,MIYANAGA N.Effect of surface roughness of mechanical seals for rotary blood pumps under blood sealing[J].Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design,Systems and Manufacturing,2014,8(1):1-9.
[18]郝木明.机械密封技术及应用[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2010.
[19]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.