刑法教义学视阈下的犯罪构成理论审视
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摘要
刑法教义学标准对刑法理论的要求有四点。相应地,刑法教义学标准对犯罪构成理论的要求也有四点:犯罪构成理论必须立足于本国刑法典;犯罪构成理论必须具有较高的规范质量;犯罪构成理论必须有哲学的和实践经验的基础;犯罪构成理论必须能够就刑法疑难问题提供合理、合法的解答。在刑法教义学的视域中,我国通说的四要件理论不是真正的犯罪构成理论,其仅仅是刑法理论的一个意识形态标签。真正指引刑事司法实践并具有实证法基础的犯罪构成理论是"罪——责模式"的犯罪构成理论,它包括犯罪行为判断和刑事责任判断两个阶段。
There are four requirements for the theory of criminal law in the standard of the dogmatics of criminal law. Accordingly,there are four requirements for the theory of constitution of crime in the standard of the dogmatics of criminal law. The theory of constitution of crime must be based on the criminal code of its country; it must have higher quality standard; it must be philosophical and practical experience of the crime;it must be able to provide reasonable and legitimate explanations to the problems of criminal law. In the view of criminal law doctrine,the theory of four elements in China is not a real theory of constitution of crime,but only an ideological label of criminal law theory. The theory of constitution of crime,which is the guide of criminal judicial practice and the basis of empirical law,is the theory of crime constitution,which includes two stages,i. e. criminal behavior judgment and criminal responsibility judgment.
There are four requirements for the theory of criminal law in the standard of the dogmatics of criminal law. Accordingly,there are four requirements for the theory of constitution of crime in the standard of the dogmatics of criminal law. The theory of constitution of crime must be based on the criminal code of its country; it must have higher quality standard; it must be philosophical and practical experience of the crime;it must be able to provide reasonable and legitimate explanations to the problems of criminal law. In the view of criminal law doctrine,the theory of four elements in China is not a real theory of constitution of crime,but only an ideological label of criminal law theory. The theory of constitution of crime,which is the guide of criminal judicial practice and the basis of empirical law,is the theory of crime constitution,which includes two stages,i. e. criminal behavior judgment and criminal responsibility judgment.
引文
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[2]魏德士.法理学[M].丁晓春,吴越,译.北京:法律出版社,2005.
[3]孙海波.法教义学与社科法学之争的方法论反省[J].东方法学,2015(4):72-89.
[4]冯·耶林.法学是一门科学吗[J].李君韬,译.比较法研究,2008(1):152-159.
[5]卡尔·拉伦茨.法学方法论[M].陈爱娥,译.北京:商务印书馆,2005.
[6]梁根林.刑法方法论[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2006.
[7]拉德布鲁赫.法学导论[M].米健,朱林,译.北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1997.
[8]罗伯特·阿列克西.法律论证理论[M].舒国滢,译.北京:中国法制出版社,2002.
[9]曲新久.犯罪论体系片语[J].政法论坛,2003(6):38-45.
[10]凯尔森.法与国家的一般理论[M].沈宗灵,译.北京:中国大百科全书出版社,1996.
[11]米铁男.俄罗斯犯罪构成学说的追根溯源[J].东方法学,2015(4):133-140.
[12]许玉秀.当代刑法思潮[M].北京:中国民主法制出版社,2005.
[13]王志远.犯罪成立理论原理[M].北京:中国方正出版社,2005.
[14]大冢仁.刑法概说(总论)[M].冯军,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2003.
[15]马克昌.犯罪通论[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1999.
[16]张明楷.犯罪论体系的思考[M].政法论坛,2003(6):25-37.