利用红外相机技术对安徽省鹞落坪国家级自然保护区大中型兽类及林下鸟类的调查
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摘要
鹞落坪国家级自然保护区位于大别山脉南麓的核心地带。2014–2017年,作者采用红外相机技术对鹞落坪国家级自然保护区的大中型兽类及林下鸟类进行调查。研究共布设了72个相机位点,累计完成16,658个相机工作日,获得独立有效照片2,142张,共记录野生兽类9种、鸟类15种,隶属8目15科。包括国家一级重点保护野生动物1种,即安徽麝(Moschusanhuiensis),国家二级重点保护野生动物2种,分别是勺鸡(Pucrasiamacrolopha)和白冠长尾雉(Syrmaticusreevesii)。相对多度排名前五的兽类分别为小麂(Muntiacusreevesi)、野猪(Susscrofa)、赤腹松鼠(Callosciuruserythraeus)、猪獾(Arctonyxcollaris)和岩松鼠(Sciurotamiasdavidianus)。相对多度排名前五的鸟类为白冠长尾雉、勺鸡、松鸦(Garrulus glandarius)、灰背鸫(Turdus hortulorum)、红嘴蓝鹊(Urocissa erythroryncha)。此外红外相机还拍摄到大量人类活动照片,表明当地人类活动较为严重,应加强管理。本研究初步了解了保护区内大中型兽类和林下鸟类群落信息及人类活动的干扰情况,为保护区未来的保护和管理工作提供了数据基础。
Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve is located on the southern slope of the Dabie Mountains. To describe the diversity of large and medium-sized mammal and understory bird diversity in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve, from 2014 to 2017 a baseline survey was conducted using a camera-trapping approach. Over 16,658 camera trapping days at 72 camera locations, 2,142 usable images were obtained. Nine mammal species and 15 bird species were identified, belonging to 8 orders and 15 families. One species, Moschus anhuiensis, is listed as national first-class protected wild animal, whereas two species, Pucrasia macrolopha and Syrmaticus reevesii, were listed as national second-class protected wild animals. The top five mammals in relative abundance were Muntiacus reevesi, Sus scrofa, Callosciurus erythraeus, Arctonyx collaris and Sciurotamias davidianus, and the top five birds in relative abundance were S. reevesii, P. macrolopha, Garrulus glandarius, Turdus hortulorum and Urocissa erythrorhyncha. We also found evidence of intensive human activities in the reserve, which may have potential impacts on wildlife. Thisstudy provides basic information on the species composition of terrestrial mammals and understory birds in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve; it will form the foundation of future monitoring research and will provide data information to wildlife management and protection efforts.
Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve is located on the southern slope of the Dabie Mountains. To describe the diversity of large and medium-sized mammal and understory bird diversity in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve, from 2014 to 2017 a baseline survey was conducted using a camera-trapping approach. Over 16,658 camera trapping days at 72 camera locations, 2,142 usable images were obtained. Nine mammal species and 15 bird species were identified, belonging to 8 orders and 15 families. One species, Moschus anhuiensis, is listed as national first-class protected wild animal, whereas two species, Pucrasia macrolopha and Syrmaticus reevesii, were listed as national second-class protected wild animals. The top five mammals in relative abundance were Muntiacus reevesi, Sus scrofa, Callosciurus erythraeus, Arctonyx collaris and Sciurotamias davidianus, and the top five birds in relative abundance were S. reevesii, P. macrolopha, Garrulus glandarius, Turdus hortulorum and Urocissa erythrorhyncha. We also found evidence of intensive human activities in the reserve, which may have potential impacts on wildlife. Thisstudy provides basic information on the species composition of terrestrial mammals and understory birds in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve; it will form the foundation of future monitoring research and will provide data information to wildlife management and protection efforts.
引文
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Jiang ZG,Ma Y,Wu Y,Wang YX,Feng ZJ,Zhou KY,Liu SY,Luo ZH,Li CW(2015)China’s mammalian diversity.Biodiversity Science,23,351-364.(in Chinese with English abstract)[蒋志刚,马勇,吴毅,王应祥,冯祚建,周开亚,刘少英,罗振华,李春旺(2015)中国哺乳动物多样性.生物多样性,23,351-364.]
Li L,Cui P,Xu HG,Wan YQ,Yong F,Hou YX,Ma HH,Yu L(2017)A comparative study of bird species diversity in breeding season at Anhui Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve.Chinese Journal of Wildlife,38,52-62.(in Chinese with English abstract)[李莉,崔鹏,徐海根,万雅琼,雍凡,侯银续,马号号,虞磊(2017)安徽鹞落坪繁殖季节鸟类物种组成比较研究.野生动物学报,38,52-62.]
Li Z,Zhou ZZ,Wang WG,Shen SB(2008)The floristic analysis of vascular plants in Yaoluoping Nature Reserve from Anhui Province.Journal of Biology,25(6),26-30.(in Chinese with English abstract)[李珍,周忠泽,汪文革,沈三宝(2008)安徽鹞落坪自然保护区维管植物区系分析.生物学杂志,25(6),26-30.]
Liu B,Zhou LZ,Wang WG,Shen SB,Han DM(2009)Seasonal dynamics of the avian guild structure of mountain secondary forest in Dabieshan Mountain.Zoological Research,30,277-287.(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘彬,周立志,汪文革,沈三宝,韩德明(2009)大别山山地次生林鸟类群落集团结构的季节变化.动物学研究,30,277-287.]
MacKinnon J,Phillipps K,He FQ(2000)A Field Guide to the Birds of China.Hunan Education Publishing House,Changsha.(in Chinese)[约翰·马敬能,卡伦·菲利普斯,何芬奇(2000)中国鸟类野外手册.湖南教育出版社,长沙.]
O’Brien TG,Kinnaird MF,Wibisono HT(2003)Crouching tigers,hidden prey:Sumatran tiger and prey populations in a tropical forest landscape.Animal Conservation,6,131-139.
Smith AT,Xie Y(2009)A Guide to the Mammals of China.Hunan Education Press,Changsha.(in Chinese)[Smith AT,解焱(2009)中国兽类野外手册.湖南教育出版社,长沙.]
Tobler MW,Carrillo-Percastegui SE,Powell G(2009)Habitat use,activity patterns and use of mineral licks by five species of ungulate in south-eastern Peru.Journal of Tropical Ecology,25,261-270.
Wang QS(1990)The Mammal Fauna of Anhui.Anhui Science and Technology Publishing House,Hefei.(in Chinese)[王岐山(1990)安徽兽类志.安徽科学技术出版社,合肥.]
Wang S,Bao FY,Mei BM,Ding SC(2009)Vertical distribution and community diversity of butterflies in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve,Anhui,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,20,2262-2270.(in Chinese with English abstract)[王松,鲍方印,梅百茂,丁仕超(2009)安徽鹞落坪国家级自然保护区蝶类的垂直分布及其群落多样性.应用生态学报,20,2262-2270.]
Xiao ZS,Hu L,Wang X,Shang T,Zhu DH,Zhao ZL,Huang XQ(2014)Wildlife diversity after Wenchuan Earthquake:Acase from Guangguangshan Valley of Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve,Southwest China.Biodiversity Science,22,794-797.(in Chinese)[肖治术,胡力,王翔,尚涛,朱大海,赵志龙,黄小群(2014)汶川地震后鸟兽资源现状:以都江堰光光山峡谷区为例.生物多样性,22,794-797.]
Zheng GM(2011)A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China,2nd edn.Science Press,Beijing.(in Chinese)[郑光美(2011)中国鸟类分类与分布名录,第2版.科学出版社,北京.]
Hong QP,Ding P,Ding BY(2007)Investigation and Research of Natural Resources in Fengyang Mountain.China Forestry Publishing House,Beijing.(in Chinese)[洪起平,丁平,丁炳扬(2007)凤阳山自然资源考察与研究.中国林业出版社,北京.]
IUCN(2016)The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,Version 2015-4.http://www.iucnredlist.org.(accessed on2016-07-25)
Jiang ZG,Ma Y,Wu Y,Wang YX,Feng ZJ,Zhou KY,Liu SY,Luo ZH,Li CW(2015)China’s mammalian diversity.Biodiversity Science,23,351-364.(in Chinese with English abstract)[蒋志刚,马勇,吴毅,王应祥,冯祚建,周开亚,刘少英,罗振华,李春旺(2015)中国哺乳动物多样性.生物多样性,23,351-364.]
Li L,Cui P,Xu HG,Wan YQ,Yong F,Hou YX,Ma HH,Yu L(2017)A comparative study of bird species diversity in breeding season at Anhui Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve.Chinese Journal of Wildlife,38,52-62.(in Chinese with English abstract)[李莉,崔鹏,徐海根,万雅琼,雍凡,侯银续,马号号,虞磊(2017)安徽鹞落坪繁殖季节鸟类物种组成比较研究.野生动物学报,38,52-62.]
Li Z,Zhou ZZ,Wang WG,Shen SB(2008)The floristic analysis of vascular plants in Yaoluoping Nature Reserve from Anhui Province.Journal of Biology,25(6),26-30.(in Chinese with English abstract)[李珍,周忠泽,汪文革,沈三宝(2008)安徽鹞落坪自然保护区维管植物区系分析.生物学杂志,25(6),26-30.]
Liu B,Zhou LZ,Wang WG,Shen SB,Han DM(2009)Seasonal dynamics of the avian guild structure of mountain secondary forest in Dabieshan Mountain.Zoological Research,30,277-287.(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘彬,周立志,汪文革,沈三宝,韩德明(2009)大别山山地次生林鸟类群落集团结构的季节变化.动物学研究,30,277-287.]
MacKinnon J,Phillipps K,He FQ(2000)A Field Guide to the Birds of China.Hunan Education Publishing House,Changsha.(in Chinese)[约翰·马敬能,卡伦·菲利普斯,何芬奇(2000)中国鸟类野外手册.湖南教育出版社,长沙.]
O’Brien TG,Kinnaird MF,Wibisono HT(2003)Crouching tigers,hidden prey:Sumatran tiger and prey populations in a tropical forest landscape.Animal Conservation,6,131-139.
Smith AT,Xie Y(2009)A Guide to the Mammals of China.Hunan Education Press,Changsha.(in Chinese)[Smith AT,解焱(2009)中国兽类野外手册.湖南教育出版社,长沙.]
Tobler MW,Carrillo-Percastegui SE,Powell G(2009)Habitat use,activity patterns and use of mineral licks by five species of ungulate in south-eastern Peru.Journal of Tropical Ecology,25,261-270.
Wang QS(1990)The Mammal Fauna of Anhui.Anhui Science and Technology Publishing House,Hefei.(in Chinese)[王岐山(1990)安徽兽类志.安徽科学技术出版社,合肥.]
Wang S,Bao FY,Mei BM,Ding SC(2009)Vertical distribution and community diversity of butterflies in Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve,Anhui,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,20,2262-2270.(in Chinese with English abstract)[王松,鲍方印,梅百茂,丁仕超(2009)安徽鹞落坪国家级自然保护区蝶类的垂直分布及其群落多样性.应用生态学报,20,2262-2270.]
Xiao ZS,Hu L,Wang X,Shang T,Zhu DH,Zhao ZL,Huang XQ(2014)Wildlife diversity after Wenchuan Earthquake:Acase from Guangguangshan Valley of Longxi-Hongkou National Nature Reserve,Southwest China.Biodiversity Science,22,794-797.(in Chinese)[肖治术,胡力,王翔,尚涛,朱大海,赵志龙,黄小群(2014)汶川地震后鸟兽资源现状:以都江堰光光山峡谷区为例.生物多样性,22,794-797.]
Zheng GM(2011)A Checklist on the Classification and Distribution of the Birds of China,2nd edn.Science Press,Beijing.(in Chinese)[郑光美(2011)中国鸟类分类与分布名录,第2版.科学出版社,北京.]