曹妃甸湿地典型植被光谱特征差异性分析
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摘要
运用高光谱遥感技术分析地物特有的光谱特征可以有效地对地物进行识别。以河北省唐山市曹妃甸湿地为研究对象,使用SR2500便携式地物光谱仪测定了2种典型湿地植被——翅碱蓬[Suaeda salsa(L.) Pall.]和芦苇[Phragmites australis(Cav.)Trin.ex Steud.]的光谱特征,并对2种湿地植被的原始反射率光谱曲线和经过包络线去除法变换后的反射率光谱曲线进行研究。结果显示:由于包络线去除法的限制,在340～380 nm和716～1 020 nm波段范围内,分析芦苇原始光谱曲线更容易区分植被所处的生长期,在340～595 nm和710～920 nm波段范围内,分析翅碱蓬的原始光谱曲线更有利于区分所处的生长期,且2种植被生长旺盛期的反射率均高于生长末期。在508、550、678 nm处利用包络线去除法能够更好地区分芦苇不同生长阶段,在638、678 nm处利用包络线去除法能更好地区分翅碱蓬不同生长阶段。芦苇在绿光波段550 nm处出现明显的反射峰,而翅碱蓬在红光波段638 nm处出现明显的反射峰,这使得2种植被经过包络线去除处理后更好区分。在753～1 020 nm波段范围内,分析原始光谱曲线更适于区分芦苇和翅碱蓬,且芦苇的反射率高于翅碱蓬。
Analysis into the unique spectral features of the ground objects can effectively identify the ground objects by using hyperspectral remote sensing technology. In the present study, the Caofeidian wetland in Tangshan City, Hebei Province was selected as the research object. The spectral characteristics of two typical wetland vegetations, Suaeda salsa(L.) Pall. and Phragmites australis(Cav.)Trin.ex Steud., were identified by SR2500 portable ground spectrometer. The original reflectance spectral curves of the two wetland vegetations and the reflectance spectral curves transformed by the envelope removal method were studied. It was shown that, due to the limitation of the envelope removal method, it was easier to distinguish the growth curve of the original vegetation of Phragmites australis in the range of 340-380 nm and 716-1 020 nm. In the range of 340-595 nm and 710-920 nm, the analysis of the original spectral curve of Suaeda salsa was more favorable to distinguish the growth periods. The reflectivity of the two vegetations in the vigorous growth period was higher than that in the terminal growth period. The envelope removal method at 508, 550, 678 nm could better distinguish the growth periods of Phragmites australis, and the method of envelope removal at 638, 678 nm could better distinguish the growth periods of Suaeda salsa. For the two vegetations, the Phragmites australis had a distinct reflection peak at 550 nm in the green light band, while the Suaeda salsa had an obvious reflection peaks at 638 nm in the red light band, which made the two vegetations easier to distinguish after the treatment of envelope removal. In the range of 753-1 020 nm, the analysis of the original spectral curve was more suitable to distinguish the two vegetations, and the reflectivity of Phragmites australi was higher than that of Suaeda salsa.
Analysis into the unique spectral features of the ground objects can effectively identify the ground objects by using hyperspectral remote sensing technology. In the present study, the Caofeidian wetland in Tangshan City, Hebei Province was selected as the research object. The spectral characteristics of two typical wetland vegetations, Suaeda salsa(L.) Pall. and Phragmites australis(Cav.)Trin.ex Steud., were identified by SR2500 portable ground spectrometer. The original reflectance spectral curves of the two wetland vegetations and the reflectance spectral curves transformed by the envelope removal method were studied. It was shown that, due to the limitation of the envelope removal method, it was easier to distinguish the growth curve of the original vegetation of Phragmites australis in the range of 340-380 nm and 716-1 020 nm. In the range of 340-595 nm and 710-920 nm, the analysis of the original spectral curve of Suaeda salsa was more favorable to distinguish the growth periods. The reflectivity of the two vegetations in the vigorous growth period was higher than that in the terminal growth period. The envelope removal method at 508, 550, 678 nm could better distinguish the growth periods of Phragmites australis, and the method of envelope removal at 638, 678 nm could better distinguish the growth periods of Suaeda salsa. For the two vegetations, the Phragmites australis had a distinct reflection peak at 550 nm in the green light band, while the Suaeda salsa had an obvious reflection peaks at 638 nm in the red light band, which made the two vegetations easier to distinguish after the treatment of envelope removal. In the range of 753-1 020 nm, the analysis of the original spectral curve was more suitable to distinguish the two vegetations, and the reflectivity of Phragmites australi was higher than that of Suaeda salsa.
引文
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[3] 邹维娜,张利权,袁琳.基于光谱特征的沉水植物种类识别研究[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014(4):132-140.ZOU W N,ZHANG L Q,YUAN L.Study on species identification of submerged aquatic vegetation based on spectral characteristics[J].Journal of East China Normal University(Natural Science),2014(4):132-140.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 高占国,张利权.上海盐沼植被的多季相地面光谱测量与分析[J].生态学报,2006,26(3):793-800.GAO Z G,ZHANG L Q.Measuring and analyzing of the multi-seasonal spectral characteristics for saltmarsh vegetation in Shanghai[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2006,26(3):793-800.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 贾虎军,杨武年,吴晓萍,等.湿地植被类型提取及其生长期变化特征分析[J].测绘科学,2015,40(6):110-114.JIA H J,YANG W N,WU X P,et al.Analysis of extracting wetland vegetation information and the growing variation[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40(6):110-114.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 陈彦兵.基于光谱特征分析的鄱阳湖典型湿地植被识别分类[D].赣州:江西理工大学,2018.CHEN Y B.Identification and classification of typical wetland vegetation in Poyang Lake based on spectral feature[D].Ganzhou:Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,2018.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 艾金泉,陈文惠,罗丽娟,等.入侵种互花米草的光谱分层分析方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(10):118-122.AI J Q,CHEN W H,LUO L J,et al.Spectral discrimination of the invasive species Spartina alterniflora based on the measured hyperspectral data[J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40(10):118-122.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 刘娟.曹妃甸湿地保护管理现状[J].河北林业科技,2016(2):91-92.LIU J.Summary of research on Caofeidian wetland protection and mangaement[J].The Journal of Hebei Forestry Science and Technology,2016(2):91-92.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] 吴兵,汪金花,曹兰杰,等.水体及悬浮物的光谱测定与试验分析[J].华北理工大学学报(自然科学版),2018,40(2):66-74.WU B,WANG J H,CAO L J,et al.Spectral measure and analysis of water with suspended solids[J].Journal of North China University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2018,40(2):66-74.(in Chinese with English abstract)