某规模场仔猪伪狂犬病免疫抗体消长规律初探
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摘要
为给规模猪场猪伪狂犬病(PR)免疫程序制定提供参考,在贵州省某规模猪场选取3组不同母源抗体背景仔猪群,按照不同的免疫程序进行PR疫苗免疫,然后设置不同的检测时间点,采集猪血清采用ELISA方法进行gE和gB抗体跟踪检测,初步探索仔猪群免疫抗体消长规律。结果显示:在母源gE和gB抗体均为阴性背景下,1日龄初生仔猪活疫苗滴鼻免疫对免疫抗体水平没有影响,15日龄基因缺失疫苗注射免疫后,免疫抗体水平逐渐升高,45日龄基因缺失疫苗加强免疫1个月后,免疫抗体水平达到顶峰,此后逐渐下降,到120日龄时,仍有50%的有效保护率;在gE母源抗体阴性背景下,产前40 d免疫母猪,55日龄进行基因缺失疫苗注射免疫后,仔猪免疫抗体水平持续升高,90日龄时再用基因缺失疫苗加强注射免疫1次,至120日龄免疫抗体水平达到顶峰,150日龄后开始下降,到185日龄时,仍有50%的有效保护率;在母源gE抗体阳性背景下,疫苗免疫不能使仔猪产生有效的免疫保护抗体。结果表明,仔猪母源抗体背景对于仔猪免疫程序的制定具有较大影响,合理的免疫程序要结合母源抗体和免疫抗体检测结果合理制定,并要及时淘汰gE阳性种猪。
In order to provide some references for developing immune procedure for porcine pseudorabies(PR)in large-scale swine farms,3 groups of piglets with different maternal antibodies were selected and immunized with PR vaccines according to different immunization procedures in a farm in Guizhou Province,then pig serums were collected to detect gE and gB antibodies by ELISA at different time,and the growth-decline rule of antibody in piglets was explored. The results showed that,in the case of negative maternal gE and gB antibody,the level of immune antibody failed to be influenced by live vaccine immunization via nasal drip in the piglets at the age of one day;the antibody level was gradually increased by gene deletion vaccine immunization via injection in piglets at 15 days;and reached its peak after one month of enhanced immunization at 45 days,hereafter,it gradually decreased,and remained 50% at 120 days. For the negative maternal gE antibody,the immune antibody level of piglets continued to increase after immunization of gene deletion vaccine at 55 days on the condition that the sows were immunized at 40 days before delivery,and then it was enhanced by the vaccine at 90 days,the antibody level reached up to the highest at 120 days,decreased after 150 days and remained 50% at 185 days. Whereas,the antibody failed to occur in piglets by vaccination in case of positive maternal gE. Therefore,it was indicated that the maternal antibody of piglets could bring great influence on the development of immunization procedures,and it was necessary to develop reasonable procedures according to the test results of maternal and immune antibodies,and to eliminate gE positive breeding pigs in time.
In order to provide some references for developing immune procedure for porcine pseudorabies(PR)in large-scale swine farms,3 groups of piglets with different maternal antibodies were selected and immunized with PR vaccines according to different immunization procedures in a farm in Guizhou Province,then pig serums were collected to detect gE and gB antibodies by ELISA at different time,and the growth-decline rule of antibody in piglets was explored. The results showed that,in the case of negative maternal gE and gB antibody,the level of immune antibody failed to be influenced by live vaccine immunization via nasal drip in the piglets at the age of one day;the antibody level was gradually increased by gene deletion vaccine immunization via injection in piglets at 15 days;and reached its peak after one month of enhanced immunization at 45 days,hereafter,it gradually decreased,and remained 50% at 120 days. For the negative maternal gE antibody,the immune antibody level of piglets continued to increase after immunization of gene deletion vaccine at 55 days on the condition that the sows were immunized at 40 days before delivery,and then it was enhanced by the vaccine at 90 days,the antibody level reached up to the highest at 120 days,decreased after 150 days and remained 50% at 185 days. Whereas,the antibody failed to occur in piglets by vaccination in case of positive maternal gE. Therefore,it was indicated that the maternal antibody of piglets could bring great influence on the development of immunization procedures,and it was necessary to develop reasonable procedures according to the test results of maternal and immune antibodies,and to eliminate gE positive breeding pigs in time.
引文
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[6]杨珊珊,徐璇,孙涛,等.2016年江苏省部分猪场猪伪狂犬病血清流行病学调查[J].中国动物检疫,2017,34(8):17-19.
[7]万遂如.当前我国猪伪狂犬病流行情况与防制对策[J].今日养猪业,2005(1):32-33.
[8]蒋安华,金俊杰,郑润俊,等.应用基因缺失苗净化规模猪场伪狂犬病的方法及效果探讨[J].猪病防控,2 011(6):18-19.
[2]赵青,焦连国,王冬梅,等.2013-2016年中国部分地区猪伪狂犬病野毒株感染血清学调查[J].猪业科学,2017,34(3):102-104.
[3]殷震,刘景华.动物病毒学[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.
[4]吴雅玲.猪伪狂犬病[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志,2001,31(2):34-35.
[5]赵东升,刘有昌,安福生.近年来我国猪伪狂犬病的流行状况和分析[J].今日养猪业,2008(6):26-28.
[6]杨珊珊,徐璇,孙涛,等.2016年江苏省部分猪场猪伪狂犬病血清流行病学调查[J].中国动物检疫,2017,34(8):17-19.
[7]万遂如.当前我国猪伪狂犬病流行情况与防制对策[J].今日养猪业,2005(1):32-33.
[8]蒋安华,金俊杰,郑润俊,等.应用基因缺失苗净化规模猪场伪狂犬病的方法及效果探讨[J].猪病防控,2 011(6):18-19.