基于漏磁内检测的管道环焊缝缺陷识别与判定
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摘要
为了实现基于漏磁内检测的管道环焊缝缺陷的有效识别与判定,对环焊缝异常信号的特征及其影响因素进行了分析。通过漏磁信号有限元仿真分析与内检测牵拉试验,系统分析了管道磁化水平、传感器提离值、环焊缝余高,环焊缝缺陷形状、位置及开口方位等因素对缺陷漏磁场的影响,明确了环焊缝缺陷与漏磁信号特征之间的对应关系,提出了基于漏磁内检测信号的环焊缝缺陷分类方法。将环焊缝缺陷分成了4类,并给出了环焊缝缺陷的漏磁内检测检出率和识别准确率。现场开挖验证结果进一步验证了识别与分类判定结果的准确性,为基于漏磁内检测的环焊缝缺陷识别与判定技术工业化应用奠定了基础。
In order to identify and determine effectively the girth weld(GW) defect of pipelines based on magnetic flux leakage(MFL) in-line inspection(ILI), the GW features of abnormal signals and their influential factors were analyzed. Then, the effects of pipeline magnetization degree, sensor liftoff, GW remaining height, and shape, position and opening orientation of GW defect on the defect magnetic flux leakage field were investigated systematically by carrying out finiteelement simulation analysis and in-line inspection traction test on MFL signals. As a result, the relationship between GW defects and MFL signal characteristics is clarified. And finally, the GW defect classification method based on MFL ILI signal was proposed. And accordingly, GW defects were classified into four types, and their detection ratio and identification precision ratio based on MFL ILI were also provided. The actual excavation results verify the identification and classification accuracy of this method. It provides the foundation for the industrial application of GW defect identification and determination technology based on MFL ILI.(18 Figures, 1 Table, 20 References)
In order to identify and determine effectively the girth weld(GW) defect of pipelines based on magnetic flux leakage(MFL) in-line inspection(ILI), the GW features of abnormal signals and their influential factors were analyzed. Then, the effects of pipeline magnetization degree, sensor liftoff, GW remaining height, and shape, position and opening orientation of GW defect on the defect magnetic flux leakage field were investigated systematically by carrying out finiteelement simulation analysis and in-line inspection traction test on MFL signals. As a result, the relationship between GW defects and MFL signal characteristics is clarified. And finally, the GW defect classification method based on MFL ILI signal was proposed. And accordingly, GW defects were classified into four types, and their detection ratio and identification precision ratio based on MFL ILI were also provided. The actual excavation results verify the identification and classification accuracy of this method. It provides the foundation for the industrial application of GW defect identification and determination technology based on MFL ILI.(18 Figures, 1 Table, 20 References)
引文
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[14]NESTLEROTH B,RUST S W,BURGOON D,et al.Determining corrosion defect geometry from magnetic flux leakage pig data[C].Denver:NACE International Annual Conference and Exposition,1996:NACE-9604.
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[16]CHOLOWSKY S,WESTWOOD S.Tri-axial sensors and3-dimensional magnetic modelling of defects combine to improve defect sizing from magnetic flux leakage signals[C].Victoria:NACE Northern Area Western Conference,2004:1-8.
[17]李明忠,丁克勤,张有忱.油气输送管道漏磁检测的有限元分析[J].油气储运,2003,22(5):14-17.LI M Z,DING K Q,ZHANG Y C,et al.Analysis of FEA in magnetic fl ux leakage detecting of oil and gas transport pipeline network[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2003,22(5):14-17.
[18]PAN D M,GUO B,LIU M Y,et al.Numerical simulation of magnetic flux leakage inspection of pipelines[C].Beijing:The Twentieth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,2010:104-108.
[19]郑彪华,何文,周松强,等.管道缺陷漏磁检测的三维有限元仿真分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(12):35-41.ZHENG B H,HE W,ZHOU S Q,et al.Research on numerical simulation of three-dimensional magnetic fl ux leakage inspection of pipeline defects[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(12):35-41.
[20]李莺莺,靳世久,魏茂安.管道漏磁法检测的ANSYS仿真研究[J].无损检测,2005,27(2):72-76.LI Y Y,JIN S J,WEI M A.Imitating research on magnetic fl ux leakage testing of pipeline using ANSYS[J].Nondestructive Testing,2005,27(2):72-76.
[2]李谦益,逯燕玲,朱建国.油气输送管道的焊接施工质量控制[J].焊接技术,2004,33(3):63-65.LI Q Y,LU Y L,ZHU J G.Welding construction quality control of oil and gas transportation pipeline[J].Welding Technology,2004,33(3):63-65.
[3]王婷,玄文博,周利剑,等.中国石油油气管道失效数据管理问题及对策[J].油气储运,2014,33(6):577-581.WANG T,XUAN W B,ZHOU L J,et al.Issues in Petro China’s management of pipeline failure data and corresponding solutions[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2014,3(36):577-581.
[4]王婷,杨辉,冯庆善,等.油气管道环焊缝缺陷内检测技术现状与展望[J].油气储运,2015,34(7):694-698.WANG T,YANG H,FENG Q S,et al.Current status and prospect of inline inspection technologies for defects in girth weld of oil and gas pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2015,34(7):694-698.
[5]李平全.油气输送管道失效事故及典型案例[J].焊管,2005,28(4):76-84.LI P Q.Failure accidents and typical cases of oil and gas transportation pipeline[J].Welded Pipe and Tube,2005,28(4):76-84.
[6]胡美娟,刘迎来,朱丽霞,等.天然气输送管道环焊缝泄漏失效分析[J].焊管,2014,37(2):56-63.HU M J,LIU Y L,ZHU L X,et al.Leakage failure reason analysis of circumferential weld for natural gas pipeline[J].Welded Pipe and Tube,2014,37(2):56-63.
[7]王富祥,冯庆善,王学力,等.三轴漏磁内检测信号分析与应用[J].油气储运,2010,29(11):815-817.WANG F X,FENG Q S,WANG X L,et al.Signal analysis and application of tri-axial MFL sensors for pipeline in-line inspection[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2010,29(11):815-817.
[8]SCOTT M,FRANK S.Advances in feature identifi cation using tri-axial MFL sensor technology[C].Calgary:6th International Pipeline Conference,2006:IPC2006-10327.
[9]杨理践,耿浩,高松巍.长输油气管道漏磁内检测技术[J].仪器仪表学报,2016,37(8):1736-1746.YANG L J,GENG H,GAO S W.Magnetic fl ux leakage internal detection technology of the long distance oil pipeline[J].Chinese Journal of Scientifi c Instrument,2016,37(8):1736-1746.
[10]冯庆善.在役管道三轴高清漏磁内检测技术[J].油气储运,2009,28(10):72-75.FENG Q S.Three-axis high-resolution MFL internal inspection technology for in-service pipeline[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2009,28(10):72-75.
[11]杨理践,邢磊,高松巍.三轴漏磁缺陷检测技术[J].无损探伤,2013,37(1):9-12.YANG L J,XING L,GAO S W.Tri-axial magnetic flux leakage defect detection technology[J].Nondestructive Testing,2013,37(1):9-12.
[12]燕冰川,冯庆善,贾光明,等.基于三轴高清漏磁内检测的完整性评价技术[J].理化检验-物理分册,2013,49:21-24.YAN B C,FENG Q S,JIA G M,et al.Integrity assessment based on three axial magnetic flux leakage in-line inspection technology[J].PTCA(PART A:PHYS TEST),2013,49:21-24.
[13]王富祥,冯庆善,张海亮,等.基于三轴漏磁内检测技术的管道特征识别[J].无损检测,2011,33(1):79-84.WANG F X,FENG Q S,ZHANG H L,et al.Identifi cation of pipeline feature via tri-axial magnetic flux leakage technology for in-line inspection[J].Nondestructive Testing,2011,33(1):79-84.
[14]NESTLEROTH B,RUST S W,BURGOON D,et al.Determining corrosion defect geometry from magnetic flux leakage pig data[C].Denver:NACE International Annual Conference and Exposition,1996:NACE-9604.
[15]高松巍,郑树林,杨理践.长输管道漏磁内检测缺陷识别方法[J].无损检测,2013,35(1):38-41.GAO S W,ZHENG S L,YANG L J.Method of defect recognition of magnetic flux leakage inner detection for pipeline[J].Nondestructive Testing,2013,35(1):38-41.
[16]CHOLOWSKY S,WESTWOOD S.Tri-axial sensors and3-dimensional magnetic modelling of defects combine to improve defect sizing from magnetic flux leakage signals[C].Victoria:NACE Northern Area Western Conference,2004:1-8.
[17]李明忠,丁克勤,张有忱.油气输送管道漏磁检测的有限元分析[J].油气储运,2003,22(5):14-17.LI M Z,DING K Q,ZHANG Y C,et al.Analysis of FEA in magnetic fl ux leakage detecting of oil and gas transport pipeline network[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2003,22(5):14-17.
[18]PAN D M,GUO B,LIU M Y,et al.Numerical simulation of magnetic flux leakage inspection of pipelines[C].Beijing:The Twentieth International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference,2010:104-108.
[19]郑彪华,何文,周松强,等.管道缺陷漏磁检测的三维有限元仿真分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(12):35-41.ZHENG B H,HE W,ZHOU S Q,et al.Research on numerical simulation of three-dimensional magnetic fl ux leakage inspection of pipeline defects[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(12):35-41.
[20]李莺莺,靳世久,魏茂安.管道漏磁法检测的ANSYS仿真研究[J].无损检测,2005,27(2):72-76.LI Y Y,JIN S J,WEI M A.Imitating research on magnetic fl ux leakage testing of pipeline using ANSYS[J].Nondestructive Testing,2005,27(2):72-76.