玉米/小麦间作模式下小麦收获机机架模态分析及结构优化
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摘要
为降低玉米/小麦间作模式下小麦收获机作业过程中的振动对其工作性能的影响,以机架为研究对象,利用SolidWorks软件建立其三维实体模型,通过ANSYS Workbench软件分析机架的前6阶固有频率和振型,对比分析各阶固有频率与外部各激励振动频率,找到引起整机共振的外部激励来源,进而优化机架结构避免共振现象的发生。当小麦出槽口的厚度增加到3.0mm、收割脱粒连接槽厚度增加到3.3mm、后板的厚度优化为1.0mm、旁板的厚度增加到1.1mm时,机架各阶固有频率均避开外部激励频率,在保持小麦收获机工作性能稳定的同时,经济成本最小化。
In order to reduce the effect of vibration on the performance of wheat harvester in maize/wheat intercropping mode,the three-dimensional solid model of wheat harvester frame was established by using SolidWorks software.The first six natural frequencies and modes of the frame are analyzed by using ANSYS Workbench software,and the natural frequencies of each order are compared with the vibration frequencies of the external excitation.The source of external excitation that causes the whole machine resonance is found,and the structure of the frame is optimized to avoid the resonance phenomenon.When the thickness of the wheat outlet increases to 3.0 mm,the thickness of the separator-threshing groove increases to 3.3 mm,the thickness of the back plate is increased to 1.0 mm and the thickness of the side plate is increased to 1.1 mm,the natural frequency of each order of the frame avoids the external excitation frequency,and the performance of the wheat rack is best maintained,and the economic cost is minimized.
In order to reduce the effect of vibration on the performance of wheat harvester in maize/wheat intercropping mode,the three-dimensional solid model of wheat harvester frame was established by using SolidWorks software.The first six natural frequencies and modes of the frame are analyzed by using ANSYS Workbench software,and the natural frequencies of each order are compared with the vibration frequencies of the external excitation.The source of external excitation that causes the whole machine resonance is found,and the structure of the frame is optimized to avoid the resonance phenomenon.When the thickness of the wheat outlet increases to 3.0 mm,the thickness of the separator-threshing groove increases to 3.3 mm,the thickness of the back plate is increased to 1.0 mm and the thickness of the side plate is increased to 1.1 mm,the natural frequency of each order of the frame avoids the external excitation frequency,and the performance of the wheat rack is best maintained,and the economic cost is minimized.
引文
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[14]王芬娥,曹新惠,郭维俊,等.联合收获机主驾驶座振动强度及其频率结构试验[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(4):62~65.Wang Fene,Cao Xinhui,Guo Weijun,et al.Research on vibration strength and frequency structure of main driver seat of the wheat combine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(4):62~65.
[2]孙靖民,梁迎春.机械优化设计(第四版)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[3]李耀明,李有为,徐立章,等.联合收获机割台机架结构参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(18):30~37.Li Yaoming,Li Youwei,Xu Lizhang,et al.Structural parameter optimization of combine harvester cutting bench[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(18):30~37.
[4]李耀明,孙朋朋,庞靖,等.联合收获机底盘机架有限元模态分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(3):38~46.Li Yongming,Sun Pengpeng,Pang Jing,et al.Finite element mode analysis and experiment of combine harvester chassis[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(3):38~46.
[5]张洪伟,张以都,王锡平,等.基于ANSYS参数化建模的农用车车架优化设计[J].农业机械学报,2007,(3):35~38.Zhang Hongwei,Zhang Yidu,Wang Xiping,et al.Optimization design of an agricultural vehicle frame based on ANSYS parametric modeling[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,(3):35~38.
[6]李青林,陈翠英,马成禛.4LYZ—2油菜收获机割台框架有限元模态分析[J].农业机械学报,2005,36(1):54~56.Li Qinglin,Chen Cuiying,Ma Chengzhen.Finite element analysis on the modal of the frame of cutting table on4LYZ—2rape combine harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2005,36(1):54~56.
[7]张克平,田斌,寇明杰,等.马铃薯中耕机机架的有限元分析及改进设计[J].机械研究与应用,2009,22(6):132~133.Zhang Keping,Tian Bin,Kou Mingjie,et al.The finite element analysis and improve design of cultivator frame[J].Mechanical Research&Application,2009,22(6):132~133.
[8]李兴凯,韩正晟,戴飞,等.小区小麦育种收获机机架模态分析及结构优化[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2016,51(1):144~149.Li Xingkai,Han Zhengsheng,Dai Fei,et al.Modal analysis and structure optimization on the frame of plot wheat breeding harvester[J].Journal of Gansu Agricultural University,2016,51(1):144~149.
[9]洪威博,张克平,王久鑫.基于有限元法的磨粉机水冷式磨辊热应力分析[J].中国粉体技术,2017,(1):23~26.Hong Weibo,Zhang Keping,Wang Jiuxin,et al.Thermal stress analysis of water cooling roller for flour mill based on FEM[J].China Powder Science&Technology,2017,(1):23~26.
[10]权龙哲,佟金,曾百功,等.玉米根茬收获系统的有限元模态分析与试验[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(11):15~20.Quan Longzhe,Tong Jin,Zeng Baigong,et al.Finite element mode analysis and experiment of corn stubble harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2011,27(11):15~20.
[11]蒋红旗,王繁生.起重机吊臂结构有限元模态分析[J].农业机械学报,2006,(3):20~22.Jiang Hongqi,Wang Fansheng.Vibration mode analysis of crane jib using finite element method[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Machinery,2006,(3):20~22.
[12]梁尚明,王贤宙,闫喜江.基于ANSYS的ITER重力支撑结构有限元模态分析[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2007,39(6):158~162.Liang Shangming,Wang Xianzhou,Yan Xijiang.Finite element modal analysis of gravity supports of ITER based on ANSYS[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2007,39(6):158~162.
[13]李小彭,赵志杰,聂慧凡,等.某型数控车床床身的模态分析与结构优化[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2011,32(7):988~991.Li Xiaopeng,Zhao Zhijie,Nie Huifan,et al.Modal analysis and optimization of the bed structure of a CNCmachinetool[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2011,32(7):988~991.
[14]王芬娥,曹新惠,郭维俊,等.联合收获机主驾驶座振动强度及其频率结构试验[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(4):62~65.Wang Fene,Cao Xinhui,Guo Weijun,et al.Research on vibration strength and frequency structure of main driver seat of the wheat combine[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(4):62~65.