碳修饰氧化锌(C-ZnO)微球的合成及其可见光催化性能
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摘要
以硝酸锌为锌源,D(+)-一水合葡萄糖为碳源,六亚甲基四胺为碱源,柠檬酸钠为表面活性剂,采用水热处理高温碳化法成功制备得到碳修饰的ZnO(C-ZnO)微球。并以罗丹明B(RhB)为模型污染物,考察了不同水热温度、水热时间、碳源投加量下的C-ZnO微球的光催化性能。采用热重分析(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、低温氮气吸附-脱附、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、Zeta电位、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-vis DRS)对样品进行表征。研究结果表明:在0. 3 g的碳源投加量,水热温度为160℃下反应14 h后,于700℃氩气氛围中高温碳化所制备的C-ZnO微球具有最佳的光催化活性。在可见光照射下,对碳修饰氧化锌微球RhB的降解率是未修饰ZnO微球降解率的2. 3倍,可达88. 17%。
Carbon modified zinc oxide( C-ZnO) microspheres were synthesized with high temperature carbonization method after hydrothermal process,with zinc nitrate as zinc source,D( +)-dextrose hydrate as carbon source,hexamine as alkali source,sodium citrate as surfactant,respectively. The photocatalytic performance of C-ZnO microspheres with different hydrothermal temperature,hydrothermal time and carbon source additions was analyzed with RhB as model pollutant. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis( TG),X-ray diffraction( XRD),field-emission scanning electron microscope( FESEM),low-temperature nitrogen absorption-adsorption,Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR),Zeta potential,UVvis diffuse reflectance spectra( UV-vis DRS). The results showed that: the C-ZnO microspheres prepared through high temperature carbonation under 700 ℃ in argon atmosphere,after hydrothermal reaction for 14 h,at water temperature of 160 ℃with 0. 3 g carbon source dosage had the best photocatalytic activity. Under visible light irradiation,the degradation efficiency of RhB was up to 88. 17%,which was almost 2. 3 times higher than that of unmodified Zn O microspheres.
Carbon modified zinc oxide( C-ZnO) microspheres were synthesized with high temperature carbonization method after hydrothermal process,with zinc nitrate as zinc source,D( +)-dextrose hydrate as carbon source,hexamine as alkali source,sodium citrate as surfactant,respectively. The photocatalytic performance of C-ZnO microspheres with different hydrothermal temperature,hydrothermal time and carbon source additions was analyzed with RhB as model pollutant. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis( TG),X-ray diffraction( XRD),field-emission scanning electron microscope( FESEM),low-temperature nitrogen absorption-adsorption,Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR),Zeta potential,UVvis diffuse reflectance spectra( UV-vis DRS). The results showed that: the C-ZnO microspheres prepared through high temperature carbonation under 700 ℃ in argon atmosphere,after hydrothermal reaction for 14 h,at water temperature of 160 ℃with 0. 3 g carbon source dosage had the best photocatalytic activity. Under visible light irradiation,the degradation efficiency of RhB was up to 88. 17%,which was almost 2. 3 times higher than that of unmodified Zn O microspheres.
引文
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[4] Sakthivel S,Neppolian B,Shankar M V,et al. Solar photocatalytic degradation of azo dye:comparison of photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO and Ti O2[J]. Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2003,77(1):65-82.
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[6] Khodja A A,Sehili T,Pilichowski J F,et al. Photocatalytic degradation of 2-phenylphenol on Ti O2and ZnO in aqueous suspensions[J]. Journal of Photochemistry&Photobiology A:Chemistry,2001,141(2/3):231-239.
[7] Lin C J,Liao S J,Kao L C,et al. Photoelectrocatalytic activity of a hydrothermally grown branched ZnO nanorod-array electrode for paracetamol degradation[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2015,291:9-17.
[8] Ko S H,Lee D,Kang H W,et al. Nanoforest of hydrothermally grown hierarchical ZnO nanowires for a high efficiency dyesensitized solar cell[J]. Nano Letters,2011,11(2):666-671.
[9] Vessalli B A,Zito C A,Perfecto T M,et al. ZnO nanorods/graphene oxide sheets prepared by chemical bath deposition for volatile organic compounds detection[J]. Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2017,696(C):996-1003.
[10] Ansari S A,Cho M H. Facile and sustainable synthesis of carbondoped ZnO nanostructures towards the superior visible light photocatalytic performance[J]. New Journal of Chemistry,2017,41:9314-9320.
[11] Hui A,Ma J,Liu J,et al. Morphological evolution of Fe doped sea urchin-shaped ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity[J]. Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2017,696:639-647.
[12] Sin J C,Lam S M. Hydrothermal synthesis of europium-doped flower-like ZnO hierarchical structures with enhanced sunlight photocatalytic degradation of phenol[J]. Materials Letters,2016,182:223-226.
[13] Zhao S W,Zuo H F,Guo Y R,et al. Carbon-doped ZnO aided by carboxymethyl cellulose:fabrication, photoluminescence and photocatalytic applications[J]. Journal of Alloys&Compounds,2017,695:1029-1037.
[14] Nguyen V N, Tran D T, Nguyen M T, et al. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using ZnO/graphene oxide nanocomposites[J]. Research on Chemical Intermediates,2018,44(5):3081-3095.
[15] Ma S S,Xue J J,Zhou Y M,et al. A facile route for the preparation of ZnO/C composites with high photocatalytic activity and adsorption capacity[J]. Crystengcomm,2014,16(21):4478-4484.
[16] Akir S,Hamdi A,Addad A,et al. Facile synthesis of carbon-ZnO nanocomposite with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance[J]. Applied Surface Science,2017,400:461-470.
[17] Wang H,Qiu X Q,Liu W F,et al. Facile preparation of wellcombined lignin-based carbon/ZnO hybrid composite with excellent photocatalytic activity[J]. Applied Surface Science,2017,426:206-216.
[18] Chae A,Jo S,Choi Y,et al. Visible-light-driven photocatalysis with dopamine-derivatized titanium dioxide/N-doped carbon core/shell nanoparticles[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(10):5582-5588.
[19] Cho S, Jang J W, Lee J S, et al. Carbon-doped ZnO nanostructures synthesized using vitamin C for visible light photocatalysis[J]. Cryst Eng Comm,2010,12(11):3929-3935.