滨海公园棕榈类植物抗风性调查与评价分析
|
摘要
以海口市公园常见的18种棕榈植物为试材,采用分区调查法,研究了棕榈风害受损情况并测定形态学相关指标,利用层次分析法(AHP)对所测指标进行量化处理,再用综合评价法对受损指标、模糊隶属函数法对形态指标分别进行综合评分,根据综合评分进行聚类对比分析,以探索棕榈植物抗风性强弱及其与受损指标之间的关系,建立抗风性强弱的形态指标预测体系。结果表明:受损指标中主干断裂、主干倒伏、枝梢断裂及形态指标中的树木类型、树高、胸径、冠幅与棕榈植物抗风性强弱关系密切,权重值分别为0.444 6、0.287 6、0.124 3、0.415 5、0.148 6、0.236 8、0.126 1,分别高于其它所测指标;受损指标与形态指标聚类分析结果基本一致,18种棕榈植物抗风性强弱均可分为3级,分级完全相符的有14种,其中Ⅰ级6种,Ⅱ级4种,Ⅲ级4种,其余4种分级结果相近。滨海公园棕榈植物的抗风性强弱差异较大,模糊隶属函数法可作为棕榈植物抗风性评价方法,主干断裂、主干倒伏及枝梢断裂可作为判断其抗风性强弱的主要指标,可通过树木类型、树高、胸径、冠幅来预测棕榈植物的抗风性强弱。
Taking the common 18 species of palm plants in the gardens of Haikou city as materials,using partition survey method,the wind damage and morphologic indexes was surveyed,using the analytic hierarchy process for the indexes measured to make quantitative processing and then comprehensive evaluation was used on the damaged indexes,fuzzy subordination method was composite score of the morphological indexes,based on comparative analysis of cluster combined score between palm plants to explore the wind resistance and damaged indexes relations,to establish aprediction system of the wind resistance of the morphological indexes.The results showed that the trunk breakage,trunk lodging,shoot breakage in damaged and morphological indexes of trees type,height,diameter,crown were close to the wind resistance of the palms plants,weight factors were respectively 0.444 6,0.287 6,0.124 3,0.415 5,0.148 6,0.236 8,0.126 1,which higher than the other measured indexes.Damaged indexes consistent with the morphological indexes in clustering analysis,18 species of palm plants wind resistance strength both could be divided into three grades,entirely consistent with the classification of 14 species,of which grade I were 6species,gradeⅡwere 4species,gradeⅢwere 4species,another 4species were similar.Coastal park palm plants had different wind resistance strength,the method of fuzzy function could be used as wind resistance evaluation method of the palm plants,the trunk breakage,trunk lodging,shoot breakage could be used as the main indexes of its wind resistance,the trees type,height,diameter,crown to predict the strength of the wind resistance of the palms plants.
Taking the common 18 species of palm plants in the gardens of Haikou city as materials,using partition survey method,the wind damage and morphologic indexes was surveyed,using the analytic hierarchy process for the indexes measured to make quantitative processing and then comprehensive evaluation was used on the damaged indexes,fuzzy subordination method was composite score of the morphological indexes,based on comparative analysis of cluster combined score between palm plants to explore the wind resistance and damaged indexes relations,to establish aprediction system of the wind resistance of the morphological indexes.The results showed that the trunk breakage,trunk lodging,shoot breakage in damaged and morphological indexes of trees type,height,diameter,crown were close to the wind resistance of the palms plants,weight factors were respectively 0.444 6,0.287 6,0.124 3,0.415 5,0.148 6,0.236 8,0.126 1,which higher than the other measured indexes.Damaged indexes consistent with the morphological indexes in clustering analysis,18 species of palm plants wind resistance strength both could be divided into three grades,entirely consistent with the classification of 14 species,of which grade I were 6species,gradeⅡwere 4species,gradeⅢwere 4species,another 4species were similar.Coastal park palm plants had different wind resistance strength,the method of fuzzy function could be used as wind resistance evaluation method of the palm plants,the trunk breakage,trunk lodging,shoot breakage could be used as the main indexes of its wind resistance,the trees type,height,diameter,crown to predict the strength of the wind resistance of the palms plants.
引文
[1]林有润,郭丽秀.浅谈棕榈科植物的形态特征、系统分类、起源及地理分布[J].广东园林,1998(1):3-4.
[2]中国科学院华南植物研究所.广东植物志[M].第2卷.广州:广东科技出版社,1991:442-477.
[3]王婷,叶绵源,周晨.棕榈科植物在海口城市公园热带园林景观中的应用分析[J].现代园艺,2014,21(6):13-16.
[4]张凯荣,宋长远,陈钰祥.近50年来海南岛东部台风记录及其灾害性评价[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(23):12880-12882.
[5]王良睦,王中道,许海燕.9914#台风对厦门市园林树木破坏情况的调查及对策研究[J].中国园林,2000,16(4):65-68.
[6]陈士银,杨新华,杜盛珍.庭园绿化树种抗风性能的调查与分析[J].防护林科技,1999(4):32-35.
[7]吴志华,李天会,张华林,等.广东湛江地区绿化树种抗风性评价与分级选择[J].亚热带植物科学,2011,40(1):18-23.
[8]LARBI H,LEITMANN J.Urban environmental profile:Tunis[J].Cities,1994,11(5):292-296.
[9]周红敏,惠刚盈,赵中华,等.森林结构调查中最适样方面积和数量的研究[J].林业科学研究,2009(4):482-486.
[10]宁惠娟,邵锋,孙茜茜,等.基于AHP法杭州花港观鱼公园植物景观评价[J].浙江农业学报,2011,23(4):717-724.
[11]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[12]封培波,胡永红,张启翔,等.上海露地宿根花卉景观价值的综合评价[J].北京林业大学学报,2003,25(6):84-87.
[13]李禄军,蒋志荣,李正平,等.3树种抗旱性的综合评价及其抗旱指标的选取[J].水土保持研究,2006(6):253-254.
[14]罗建中,谢耀坚,曹加光,等.2年生桉树杂交种的生长与抗风的遗传变异研究田[J].草业学报,2009,18(6):91-97.
[15]章锦瑜.台风对台中乔木破坏之调查[J].东海学报,2000,41:149-160.
[16]ACHIMA.Modeling the vulnerability of balsam fir forests S.Meunier to wind damage[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2005,204:35-50.
[17]刘浦孝.山东沙质海岸防护林主要树种适应性评价[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2010.
[18]游惠明,游秀花,陈笑玲,等.福州市行道树种综合评价与分级选择[J].中国林业科技,2009,7(1):15-17.
[19]任如红,刘分念,龚洁莹,等.舟山市园林树木抗风性的调查研究[J].浙江农业科学,2013(4):422-426.
[20]杨莉莉.浙江省沿海城市行道树抗风能力调查研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.
[2]中国科学院华南植物研究所.广东植物志[M].第2卷.广州:广东科技出版社,1991:442-477.
[3]王婷,叶绵源,周晨.棕榈科植物在海口城市公园热带园林景观中的应用分析[J].现代园艺,2014,21(6):13-16.
[4]张凯荣,宋长远,陈钰祥.近50年来海南岛东部台风记录及其灾害性评价[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(23):12880-12882.
[5]王良睦,王中道,许海燕.9914#台风对厦门市园林树木破坏情况的调查及对策研究[J].中国园林,2000,16(4):65-68.
[6]陈士银,杨新华,杜盛珍.庭园绿化树种抗风性能的调查与分析[J].防护林科技,1999(4):32-35.
[7]吴志华,李天会,张华林,等.广东湛江地区绿化树种抗风性评价与分级选择[J].亚热带植物科学,2011,40(1):18-23.
[8]LARBI H,LEITMANN J.Urban environmental profile:Tunis[J].Cities,1994,11(5):292-296.
[9]周红敏,惠刚盈,赵中华,等.森林结构调查中最适样方面积和数量的研究[J].林业科学研究,2009(4):482-486.
[10]宁惠娟,邵锋,孙茜茜,等.基于AHP法杭州花港观鱼公园植物景观评价[J].浙江农业学报,2011,23(4):717-724.
[11]秦寿康.综合评价原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[12]封培波,胡永红,张启翔,等.上海露地宿根花卉景观价值的综合评价[J].北京林业大学学报,2003,25(6):84-87.
[13]李禄军,蒋志荣,李正平,等.3树种抗旱性的综合评价及其抗旱指标的选取[J].水土保持研究,2006(6):253-254.
[14]罗建中,谢耀坚,曹加光,等.2年生桉树杂交种的生长与抗风的遗传变异研究田[J].草业学报,2009,18(6):91-97.
[15]章锦瑜.台风对台中乔木破坏之调查[J].东海学报,2000,41:149-160.
[16]ACHIMA.Modeling the vulnerability of balsam fir forests S.Meunier to wind damage[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2005,204:35-50.
[17]刘浦孝.山东沙质海岸防护林主要树种适应性评价[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2010.
[18]游惠明,游秀花,陈笑玲,等.福州市行道树种综合评价与分级选择[J].中国林业科技,2009,7(1):15-17.
[19]任如红,刘分念,龚洁莹,等.舟山市园林树木抗风性的调查研究[J].浙江农业科学,2013(4):422-426.
[20]杨莉莉.浙江省沿海城市行道树抗风能力调查研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006.