输电线路中杆塔地震反应的计算分析
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摘要
对输电杆塔这类高耸结构来说,极易在地震作用下产生较大的结构内力,导致其结构破坏并引发倒杆/塌、断线等事故。为进一步理解和掌握输电杆塔在地震作用下的响应特性,提升输电线路的抗震容灾能力,通过建立典型输电杆塔的仿真模型,采用时程分析法对三种地震波作用输电杆塔构件层面的地震反应进行了精细化分析,得到了输电杆塔在地震波作用下的最大层相对位移、相对速度、绝对加速度、层间变形、剪切力、能量图、及塑性率的变化特征,从而为输电杆塔减震措施的合理选取提供了重要依据。此外,塔身部分斜材在地震波作用下的塑性率超标说明单纯从杆塔结构设计上难以满足大地震下杆塔结构不发生损失和破坏,建议关注杆塔结构构件的累积塑性率来获取更为明确的地震灾害的损失程度。
For high-rise structures such as transmission towers, large structural internal force tends to be generated at earthquakes, resulting in structural damage and causing accidents such as the disconnection of working parts, fall of barrow, and even collapse of the tower. In order to further understand and master the response characteristics of transmission towers in earthquakes as well as to improve the seismic disaster tolerance capability of transmission lines, this paper establishes a model of typical transmission towers and uses time-history analysis method to simulate the effect of three seismic waves in earthquakes on transmission tower towers, based on which the response of the tower is going to be analyzed precisely. The maximum relative displacement, relative velocity, absolute acceleration, inter-laminar deformation, shear force, energy diagram, and plasticity of the transmission tower under seismic waves are thus obtained, which provides an important reference to the choice of shock absorption design on the transmission tower. In addition, the exceeding plasticity rate of the tower's inclined body under the action of seismic waves indicates that it is difficult to cover the loss and damage of the tower structure by merely utilizing the design of the tower structure. It is recommended to pay attention to the cumulative plasticity of the structural components of the tower to obtain an explicit definition indication of the damage level.
For high-rise structures such as transmission towers, large structural internal force tends to be generated at earthquakes, resulting in structural damage and causing accidents such as the disconnection of working parts, fall of barrow, and even collapse of the tower. In order to further understand and master the response characteristics of transmission towers in earthquakes as well as to improve the seismic disaster tolerance capability of transmission lines, this paper establishes a model of typical transmission towers and uses time-history analysis method to simulate the effect of three seismic waves in earthquakes on transmission tower towers, based on which the response of the tower is going to be analyzed precisely. The maximum relative displacement, relative velocity, absolute acceleration, inter-laminar deformation, shear force, energy diagram, and plasticity of the transmission tower under seismic waves are thus obtained, which provides an important reference to the choice of shock absorption design on the transmission tower. In addition, the exceeding plasticity rate of the tower's inclined body under the action of seismic waves indicates that it is difficult to cover the loss and damage of the tower structure by merely utilizing the design of the tower structure. It is recommended to pay attention to the cumulative plasticity of the structural components of the tower to obtain an explicit definition indication of the damage level.
引文
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[13] 郑山锁,张晓辉,赵旭冉,等.近海大气环境下锈蚀钢框架梁抗震性能试验[J]. 工程力学,2018,35(12):98-107.
[2] 张大长,赵文伯,刘明源.5·12汶川地震中电力设施震害情况及其成因分析[J].南京工业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,31(1):44-48.
[3] 王飞,李正,杨风利,等.特高压酒杯塔地震反应谱分析[J].高电压技术,2018,44(10):968-975.
[4] 曹枚根,朱全军,默增禄,等.高压输电线路防震减灾研究现状及震害防御对策[J].电力建设,2007,28(5):23-27.
[5] 陈大斌,李东亮,朱瑞民,等.输电铁塔强震抗灾能力分析[J].电力建设,2013,34(5):76-79.
[6] 李宏男,白海峰.高压输电塔-线体系抗灾研究的现状与发展趋势[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(2):39-46.
[7] BATTISTA R C, RODRIGUES R S, PFEI M S. Dynamic behavior and stability of transmission line towers under wind forces[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2003, 91(8): 1051-1067.
[8] 孟遂民,卢银均,祝一帆,等.高压输电铁塔地震时程响应分析[J].广东电力,2016,29(3):109-114.
[9] 刘雅.500 kV输电塔线体系抗震性能分析与研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2016.
[10] 祁丽丽.输电塔线体系地震反应分析及减震控制研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2016.
[11] 张映雪.三大常用结构的简化振动模型研究[D].镇江:江苏科技大学,2014.
[12] 殷海涛,甘卫军,黄蓓,等.日本M9.0级巨震对山东地区地壳活动的影响研究[J]. 地球物理学报,2013,56(5):1497-1505.
[13] 郑山锁,张晓辉,赵旭冉,等.近海大气环境下锈蚀钢框架梁抗震性能试验[J]. 工程力学,2018,35(12):98-107.