换流站直流现场安全预警系统及报警阈值研究
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摘要
为防止在换流站直流母线周围维护、检修过程中易发生的触电事故,笔者设计了一种将电场测量和距离测量相结合的安全预警系统。介绍了安全预警系统的总体设计,并对换流站直流母线周围的电场分布进行计算和仿真。基于计算和仿真结果,设定了安全预警系统的报警阈值。对系统进行效果测试的试验结果表明,该系统对作业人员在直流母线周围检修时的安全性具有较高的判断准确性和实时性,对避免作业人员触电伤亡事故有很高的实用价值,能够有效地预防因安全距离不足引发的一系列安全事故。
To prevent the electric shock accident in maintenance and repair around the DC bus of a converter sta-tion, a safety early-warning system combining electric field measurement and distance measurement is designed.The general design of the safety early-warning system is introduced, and the electric field distribution around the DC bus is calculated and simulated. The alarm threshold of the early-warning system is set on the basis of the calcu-lation and simulation results. Experiment shows that the safety judgment of the early-warning system for the opera-tion staff who work around the DC bus during maintenance and repair has high accuracy and real-time performance,so the system is applicable to prevention of personnel casualty accidents caused by insufficient safe distance.
To prevent the electric shock accident in maintenance and repair around the DC bus of a converter sta-tion, a safety early-warning system combining electric field measurement and distance measurement is designed.The general design of the safety early-warning system is introduced, and the electric field distribution around the DC bus is calculated and simulated. The alarm threshold of the early-warning system is set on the basis of the calcu-lation and simulation results. Experiment shows that the safety judgment of the early-warning system for the opera-tion staff who work around the DC bus during maintenance and repair has high accuracy and real-time performance,so the system is applicable to prevention of personnel casualty accidents caused by insufficient safe distance.
引文
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[22]方覃绍阳,向小民,李征航.高压直流输电线路标称电场强度计算模型[J].广东电力,2016(11):128-132.FANGQIN Shaoyang,XIANG Xiaomin,LI Zhenghang.Calculation model for nominal electric field of high voltage DC transmission lines[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2016(11):128-132.
[23]陈昊,朱超,李义峰,等.输电线路工频电场的计算与测量研究[J].电气工程学报,2016,44(5):40-45.CHEN Hao,ZHU Chao,LI Yifeng,et al.Calculation model for nominal electric field of high voltage DC transmission lines[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2016,44(11):128-132.
[24]姚维明,王一,陈俊,等.高压输电线路下吊车作业报警和监控系统设计[J].电气技术,2016(12):82-86.YAO Weiming,WANG Yi,CHEN Jun,et al.Design of crane operation alarm and monitoring system under the high voltage transmission line[J].Electrical Technology,2016(12):82-86.
[2]王国辉.基于X波段雷达测距的吊车防撞高压线监测系统[J].电子测试,2013(19):157-158.WANG Guohui,High voltage line monitoring system for crane collision avoidance based on X band radar ranging[J].Electronic Test,2013(19):157-158.
[3]张霄蕾,高明,刘振海,等.防止吊车触碰高压输电线的报警装置研制[J].华东电力,2011(7):1201-1202.ZHANG Xiaolei,GAO Ming,LIU Zhenhai,et al.The development of alarm device to prevent the crane from touching the high voltage transmission line[J].East China Electric Power,2011(7):1201-1202.
[4]朱先斌.电力施工作业人身安全控制[J].科技与创新,2016(2):77.ZHU Xianbin.Personal safety control of electric power construction[J].Science and Technology&Innovation,2016(2):77.
[5]谢雪峰,凌剑波,王佑球,等.浅谈组式高压电场测量和安全距离报警系统[J].低碳世界,2016(31):39-40.XIE Xuefeng,LING Jianbo,WANG Youqiu,et al.Discussion on group high voltage electric field measurement and safety distance alarm system[J].Low Carbon World,2016(31):39-40.
[6]肖峰.电力施工中存在的安全隐患及解决[J].低碳世界,2016(11):77-78.XIAO Feng.Safety hidden trouble and its solution in electric power construction[J].Low Carbon World,2016(11):77-78.
[7]ZHOU Yuanxiong,ZHANG Baile,BU Dan,et al.Nanosecond pulse corona charging of polymers[J].IEEE Trans.on Dei.,2007,14(2):495-501.
[8]BOGGS S.A rational consideration of space charge[J].IEEE Electr.Insul.Mag.,2004,20(4):22-27.
[9]陈爱明,周静,邓华,等.智能防触电报警装置实现原理研究[J].电气应用,2016(21):60-63.CHEN Aiming,ZHOU Jing,DENG Hua,et al.Research on the realization principle of intelligent anti shock alarm device[J].Electric Safety,2016(21):60-63.
[10]邹志龙,崔翔,卢铁兵.空间电荷对旋转式直流电场仪测量准确性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3443-3449.ZOU Zhilong,CUI Xiang,LU Tiebing.Effects of space charges on the measurement accuracy of rotating direct current electric field mill[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(13):3443-3449.
[11]杨鹏飞,陈博,闻小龙,等.一种基于MEMS芯片的新型地面大气电场传感器[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(6):1536-1540.YANG Pengfei,CHEN Bo,WEN Xiaolong,et al.A novel MEMS chip-based ground atmospheric electric field sensor[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(6):1536-1540.
[12]崔勇,袁海文,赵录兴,等.基于有限元方法的场磨式电场传感器标定装置优化设计[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2015,41(10):1807-1812.CUI Yong,YUAN Haiwen,ZHAO Luxing,et al.Optimum design of calibration device for field mill type electric field sensor based on finite element method[J].Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2015,41(10):1807-1812.
[13]熊兰,宋道军,张又力.输电走廊工频电磁场的测量和解决方案[J].高压电器,2011,47(8):97-101.XIONG Lan,SONG Daojun,ZHANG Youli.Measurement and solution of power frequency electromagnetic field in transmission corridor[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2011,47(8):97-101.
[14]陈爱明,周静,周林,等.可穿戴式工频电场测量仪的研制[J].电测与仪表,2016,53(16):124-128.Chen Aiming,ZHOU Jing,ZHOU Lin,et al.Research on the wearable gauge for the power-frequency electric field[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2016,53(16):124-128.
[15]张业茂,张建功,张广洲,等.基于nRF905模块的无线通信直流电场测量系统设计[J].高电压技术,2012,38(11):2869-2874.ZHANG Yemao,ZHANG Jiangong,ZHANG Guangzhou,et al.Design of DC electric field measurement system with wireless communication based on nRF905 module[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(11):2869-2874.
[16]王志利.三维直流电场物理模拟的数据表示方法研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2009.WANG Zhili.The study on data representation technique of3D DC electrical field physical simulation[J].Jilin:Jilin University,2009.
[17]袁建生,鞠勇,邹军,等.特高压直流输电线路屏蔽环三维有限元电场计算方法与策略[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(10):7-13.YUAN Jiansheng,JU Yong,ZOU Jun,et al.Three dimensional finite element electric field calculation method and strategy for shielding ring of UHVDC transmission line[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,15330(10):7-13.
[18]邓军,肖遥,楚金伟,等.±800 kV云广特高压直流线路合成电场仿真计算与测试分析[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(2):138-144.DENG Jun,XIAO Yao,CHU Jinwei,et al.Simulative calculation and measurement analysis of total electric field for±800 k V Yunnan-Guangzhou UHVDC transmission lines[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(2):138-144.
[19]史天如,蔡成良,张耀东,等.交直流混合输电线路表面电场的计算方法研究[J].湖北电力,2016(2):19-22.SHI Tianru,CAI Chengliang,ZHANG Yaodong,et al.Research on calculation method of the conductor surface electric field of AC/DC hybrid lines[J].Hubei Electric Power,2016(2):19-22.
[20]HIDAKA K,KOUNO T,HAYASHI I.Simultaneous measurement of two orthogonal components of electric field using a Pockels device[J].Rev.Sci.Instrum,1989,60(7):1252-1257.
[21]郑海涛,贾云辉,张小文,等.750 kV变电站内导线表面电场分布数值分析[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2017,45(1):123-127.ZHENG Haitao,JIA Yunhui,ZHANG Xiaowen,et al.Numerical analysis of surface electric field distribution in750 k V substation[J].Power System and Automation,2017,45(1):123-127.154
[22]方覃绍阳,向小民,李征航.高压直流输电线路标称电场强度计算模型[J].广东电力,2016(11):128-132.FANGQIN Shaoyang,XIANG Xiaomin,LI Zhenghang.Calculation model for nominal electric field of high voltage DC transmission lines[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2016(11):128-132.
[23]陈昊,朱超,李义峰,等.输电线路工频电场的计算与测量研究[J].电气工程学报,2016,44(5):40-45.CHEN Hao,ZHU Chao,LI Yifeng,et al.Calculation model for nominal electric field of high voltage DC transmission lines[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2016,44(11):128-132.
[24]姚维明,王一,陈俊,等.高压输电线路下吊车作业报警和监控系统设计[J].电气技术,2016(12):82-86.YAO Weiming,WANG Yi,CHEN Jun,et al.Design of crane operation alarm and monitoring system under the high voltage transmission line[J].Electrical Technology,2016(12):82-86.