基于正序阻抗角的海上DFIG定子绕组匝间短路故障辨识
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摘要
为了保证海上双馈风力发电系统的安全可靠运行,提高海上DFIG定子绕组匝间短路故障辨识的精准度,文中提出一种以定子侧正序阻抗角为故障特征量的定子绕组匝间短路故障辨识方法。由于故障后各序分量不再对称,首先基于DFIG定子匝间短路故障状态下的序分量模型,推导得出DFIG定子侧正序阻抗角的表达式;然后分析电网电压不平衡、负载和转差率变化等非理想工况对该故障特征的影响规律,提出合理的故障辨识阈值。仿真与实验结果表明,该故障特征对电网电压不平衡具有鲁棒性,且通过合理设置故障阈值可实现对海上DFIG定子绕组匝间短路故障的精确辨识。
In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of offshore doubly-fed wind power generation system and improve the accuracy of inter-turn short-circuit fault identification of offshore doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)stator winding,a stator inter-turn short-circuit fault identification method based on positive sequence impedance angle on stator side is proposed.Since the sequence components are no longer symmetrical after fault,the expression of positive sequence impedance angle of DFIG stator side is derived based on the sequence component model of DFIG stator inter-turn short-circuit fault.Then the influence of nonideal conditions such as unbalanced voltage,load and slip rate on the fault characteristics is analyzed,and a reasonable fault identification threshold is proposed.The simulation and experimental results show that the fault feature is robust to the unbalanced voltage of power grid,and the accurate identification of DFIG stator winding inter-turn short-circuit fault can be achieved by setting the fault threshold reasonably.
In order to ensure the safe and reliable operation of offshore doubly-fed wind power generation system and improve the accuracy of inter-turn short-circuit fault identification of offshore doubly-fed induction generator(DFIG)stator winding,a stator inter-turn short-circuit fault identification method based on positive sequence impedance angle on stator side is proposed.Since the sequence components are no longer symmetrical after fault,the expression of positive sequence impedance angle of DFIG stator side is derived based on the sequence component model of DFIG stator inter-turn short-circuit fault.Then the influence of nonideal conditions such as unbalanced voltage,load and slip rate on the fault characteristics is analyzed,and a reasonable fault identification threshold is proposed.The simulation and experimental results show that the fault feature is robust to the unbalanced voltage of power grid,and the accurate identification of DFIG stator winding inter-turn short-circuit fault can be achieved by setting the fault threshold reasonably.
引文
[1]徐海亮,章玮,贺益康,等.双馈型风电机组低电压穿越技术要点及展望[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):8-15.XU Hailiang,ZHANG Wei,HE Yikang,et al.A review on low voltage ride-though technologies and prospect for DFIG wind turbine[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(20):8-15.
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[7]郝亮亮,吴俊勇,孙宇光,等.无分支电流互感器的同步发电机转子匝间短路监测方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):189-195.HAO Liangliang,WU Junyong,SUN Yuguang,et al.Monitoring of inter-turn short circuit of rotor windings in synchronous generators without stator branch current transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):189-195.
[8]武玉才,李永刚,李和明.基于轴电压的隐极同步发电机转子典型故障诊断[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(6):178-184.WU Yucai,LI Yonggang,LI Heming.Diagnosis of non-salient pole synchronous generator rotor’s typical faults based on shaft voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(6):178-184.
[9]李俊卿,王栋.双馈感应发电机转子匝间短路时定子电流谐波分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):71-76.LI Junqing,WANG Dong.Analysis on stator current harmonic characteristics with rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault in DFIG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(21):71-76.
[10]LU Q F,CAO Z T,RITCHIE E.Model of stator inter-turn short circuit fault in doubly-fed induction generators for wind turbine[C]//2004 IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference,June 20-25,2004,Aachen,Germany:932-937.
[11]赵勇,王路路,赵祎涵,等.双馈风力发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障特征提取[J].热力发电,2016,45(8):63-67.ZHAO Yong,WANG Lulu,ZHAO Yihan,et al.Feature extraction of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in doubly-fed induction generator[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,45(8):63-67.
[12]ZHAO Yihan,CHEN Yu,WANG Lulu,et al.Experimental research and feature extraction on stator inter-turn short circuit fault in DFIG[C]//2016IEEE International Conference on Dielectrics(ICD),July 3-7,2016,Montpellier,France:510-513.
[13]马宏忠,张正东,时维俊,等.基于转子瞬时功率谱的双馈风力发电机定子绕组故障诊断[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(14):30-35.MA Hongzhong,ZHANG Zhengdong,SHI Weijun,et al.Doubly-fed induction generator stator fault diagnosis based on rotor instantaneous power spectrum[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(14):30-35.
[14]蔡亮.基于阻抗的匝间故障早期诊断系统设计与实现[J].电子器件,2016,39(2):425-431.CAI Liang.The design and implementation of early inter-turn fault diagnostic system design based on impedance[J].Electron Devices,2016,39(2):425-431.
[15]魏书荣,张路,符杨,等.基于拟序阻抗的海上双馈电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):273-282.WEI Shurong,ZHANG Lu,FU Yang,et al.Early fault detection based on the quasi-sequence impedance for inter-turn faults in stator windings of offshore wind DFIG[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):273-282.
[16]LEE S B,TALLAM R M,HABETLER T G.A robust,online turn-fault detection technique for induction machines based on monitoring the sequence component impedance matrix[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003,18(3):865-872.
[17]许伯强,李和明,孙丽玲,等.异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障检测方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):181-186.XU Boqiang,LI Heming,SUN Liling,et al.Detection of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in induction motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):181-186.
[18]XU B Q,LI H M,SUN L M.Apparent impedance angle based detection of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in induction motors[C]//38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference,October 12-16,2003,Salt Lake City,USA:5p.
[19]MOOSAVI S S,DJERDIR A,AIT-AMIRAT Y,et al.Impedance angle changes analysis applied to short circuit fault detection[C]//2012International Conference on Electrical Machines,September 2-5,2012,Marseille,France:6p.
[20]董建园,段志善,熊万里.异步电机定子绕组故障分析及其诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(3):27-31.DONG Jianyuan,DUAN Zhishan,XIONG Wanli.Researching the stator winding faults of asynchronous motor and its diagnostic method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(3):27-31.
[21]ABDALLAH H,BENATMAN K.Stator winding inter-turn short-circuit detection in induction motors by parameter identification[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(2):272-288.
[22]沈枢,张沛超,方陈,等.双馈风电场故障序阻抗特征及对选相元件的影响[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(15):87-92.SHEN Shu,ZHANG Peichao,FANG Chen,et al.Characteristics of sequence impedance of DFIG plant and influence on phase selector[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(15):87-92.
[23]任永峰,安中全,李静立,等.双馈式风力发电机组柔性并网运行与控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011:123-133.REN Yongfeng,AN Zhongquan,LI Jingli,et al.Flexible gridconnection operation and control of doubly-fed induction generator[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2011:123-133.
[2]魏书荣,何之倬,黄苏融,等.海上双馈风力发电机组开路故障容错重构技术[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(16):83-89.WEI Shurong,HE Zhizhuo,HUANG Surong,et al.Reconfiguration technology for open-circuit fault tolerance of DFIG-based wind turbines in offshore wind farm[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(16):83-89.
[3]赵洪山,刘辉海,刘宏杨,等.基于堆叠自编码网络的风电机组发电机状态监测与故障诊断[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(11):102-108.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170730001.ZHAO Hongshan,LIU Huihai,LIU Hongyang,et al.Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of wind turbine generator based on stacked autoencoder network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(11):102-108.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170730001.
[4]李刚,张建付,文福拴,等.计及信息不确定性的风电机组健康状态实时评估方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(18):111-117.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170210001.LI Gang,ZHANG Jianfu,WEN Fushuan,et al.Evaluation of real-time health condition for wind turbines considering information uncertainty[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(18):111-117.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170210001.
[5]李和明,孙丽玲,许伯强,等.异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障检测新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2008,28(21):73-79.LI Heming,SUN Liling,XU Boqiang,et al.A novel detection method of stator winging inter-turn short circuit fault in induction motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2008,28(21):73-79.
[6]GANDHI A,COORRIGAN T,PARSA L.Recent advances in modeling and online detection of stator interturn faults in electrical motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(5):1564-1575.
[7]郝亮亮,吴俊勇,孙宇光,等.无分支电流互感器的同步发电机转子匝间短路监测方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(3):189-195.HAO Liangliang,WU Junyong,SUN Yuguang,et al.Monitoring of inter-turn short circuit of rotor windings in synchronous generators without stator branch current transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(3):189-195.
[8]武玉才,李永刚,李和明.基于轴电压的隐极同步发电机转子典型故障诊断[J].电工技术学报,2010,25(6):178-184.WU Yucai,LI Yonggang,LI Heming.Diagnosis of non-salient pole synchronous generator rotor’s typical faults based on shaft voltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2010,25(6):178-184.
[9]李俊卿,王栋.双馈感应发电机转子匝间短路时定子电流谐波分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):71-76.LI Junqing,WANG Dong.Analysis on stator current harmonic characteristics with rotor winding inter-turn short circuit fault in DFIG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(21):71-76.
[10]LU Q F,CAO Z T,RITCHIE E.Model of stator inter-turn short circuit fault in doubly-fed induction generators for wind turbine[C]//2004 IEEE 35th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference,June 20-25,2004,Aachen,Germany:932-937.
[11]赵勇,王路路,赵祎涵,等.双馈风力发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障特征提取[J].热力发电,2016,45(8):63-67.ZHAO Yong,WANG Lulu,ZHAO Yihan,et al.Feature extraction of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in doubly-fed induction generator[J].Thermal Power Generation,2016,45(8):63-67.
[12]ZHAO Yihan,CHEN Yu,WANG Lulu,et al.Experimental research and feature extraction on stator inter-turn short circuit fault in DFIG[C]//2016IEEE International Conference on Dielectrics(ICD),July 3-7,2016,Montpellier,France:510-513.
[13]马宏忠,张正东,时维俊,等.基于转子瞬时功率谱的双馈风力发电机定子绕组故障诊断[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(14):30-35.MA Hongzhong,ZHANG Zhengdong,SHI Weijun,et al.Doubly-fed induction generator stator fault diagnosis based on rotor instantaneous power spectrum[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(14):30-35.
[14]蔡亮.基于阻抗的匝间故障早期诊断系统设计与实现[J].电子器件,2016,39(2):425-431.CAI Liang.The design and implementation of early inter-turn fault diagnostic system design based on impedance[J].Electron Devices,2016,39(2):425-431.
[15]魏书荣,张路,符杨,等.基于拟序阻抗的海上双馈电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):273-282.WEI Shurong,ZHANG Lu,FU Yang,et al.Early fault detection based on the quasi-sequence impedance for inter-turn faults in stator windings of offshore wind DFIG[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):273-282.
[16]LEE S B,TALLAM R M,HABETLER T G.A robust,online turn-fault detection technique for induction machines based on monitoring the sequence component impedance matrix[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003,18(3):865-872.
[17]许伯强,李和明,孙丽玲,等.异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障检测方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):181-186.XU Boqiang,LI Heming,SUN Liling,et al.Detection of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in induction motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(7):181-186.
[18]XU B Q,LI H M,SUN L M.Apparent impedance angle based detection of stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault in induction motors[C]//38th IAS Annual Meeting on Conference Record of the Industry Applications Conference,October 12-16,2003,Salt Lake City,USA:5p.
[19]MOOSAVI S S,DJERDIR A,AIT-AMIRAT Y,et al.Impedance angle changes analysis applied to short circuit fault detection[C]//2012International Conference on Electrical Machines,September 2-5,2012,Marseille,France:6p.
[20]董建园,段志善,熊万里.异步电机定子绕组故障分析及其诊断方法[J].中国电机工程学报,1999,19(3):27-31.DONG Jianyuan,DUAN Zhishan,XIONG Wanli.Researching the stator winding faults of asynchronous motor and its diagnostic method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,1999,19(3):27-31.
[21]ABDALLAH H,BENATMAN K.Stator winding inter-turn short-circuit detection in induction motors by parameter identification[J].IET Electric Power Applications,2017,11(2):272-288.
[22]沈枢,张沛超,方陈,等.双馈风电场故障序阻抗特征及对选相元件的影响[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(15):87-92.SHEN Shu,ZHANG Peichao,FANG Chen,et al.Characteristics of sequence impedance of DFIG plant and influence on phase selector[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(15):87-92.
[23]任永峰,安中全,李静立,等.双馈式风力发电机组柔性并网运行与控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2011:123-133.REN Yongfeng,AN Zhongquan,LI Jingli,et al.Flexible gridconnection operation and control of doubly-fed induction generator[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2011:123-133.