江西地方特色山药盆栽试管苗叶绿素含量以及其光合荧光参数的变化
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摘要
为了解江西地方特色山药品种(瑞昌山药,南城淮山,广丰千金薯,永丰淮山和泰和竹篙薯)光合生理的变化规律,本研究对其盆栽试管苗营养生长期叶绿素含量以及其光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数进行测量,并对获得的试验数据进行统计分析。分析表明,江西地方特色山药盆栽试管苗营养生长期的叶绿素含量在5月~9月的日变化和季节变化均呈"先升后降"趋势,且均在7月或8月的15点达到最高值。江西地方特色山药盆栽试管苗营养生长期的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、气孔限制值(Ls)、水分利用效率(WUE)、瞬时羧化速率(CUE)、初始荧光(Fo)、暗适应下最大荧光(Fm)、暗适应下PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)、光适应下PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)、光适应下PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv'/Fm')和光化学荧光猝灭系数(q P)在5月~9月这5个月中也均呈"先升后降"趋势,且均在7月或8月达到最高值,但其胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和非光化学猝灭系数(q N)在5月~9月这5个月中却"先降后升",且均在8月达到最低值,其中瑞昌山药在7月和8月的Ci无显著性差异,南城淮山和广丰千金薯在7月和8月的q N也无显著性差异。因此,江西地方特色山药盆栽试管苗在7月和8月具有较高的光合能力,这为江西地方特色山药试管苗的移栽及其以后的水肥管理提供了理论基础。
In order to understan d the change rules in photosynthetic physiology of potted plantlets of local genuine yam varieties(Ruichang yam, Nancheng yam, Guangfeng yam, Yongfeng yam and Taihe yam) in Jiangxi,the chlorophyll content, the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of test-tube plantlets in the vegetative growth stages of their potted yam were measured and the test data obtained were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the diurnal and seasonal changes of chlorophyll content in the vegetative growth stage of potted plantlets of local genuine yams in Jiangxi from May to September all presented the trend of"increased first and then decreased", which all arrived at the highest value at 15:00 everyday in July or in August. The seasonal changes of Pn, Tr, Gs, Ls, WUE, CUE, Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ФPSⅡ, Fv'/Fm' and q P in the vegetative growth stage of potted plantlets of local genuine yams in Jiangxi from May to September also presented the trend of "increased first and then decreased", which all reached the highest value in July or in August. While the seasonal change of Ci and q N in their vegetative growth stage from May to September presented the trend of "decreased first and then in decreased", which all reached the lowest value in August, in which Ci of Ruichang yam had no significant difference in July and August, and q N of Nancheng yam and Guangfeng yam also had no significant difference in July and August. Therefore, potted plantlets of local genuine yam varieties in Jiangxi had higher photosynthetic capacity in July and August, which would provide a theoretical basis for their plantlets' transplanting and subsequent management of water and fertilizer.
In order to understan d the change rules in photosynthetic physiology of potted plantlets of local genuine yam varieties(Ruichang yam, Nancheng yam, Guangfeng yam, Yongfeng yam and Taihe yam) in Jiangxi,the chlorophyll content, the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of test-tube plantlets in the vegetative growth stages of their potted yam were measured and the test data obtained were statistically analyzed. The results showed that the diurnal and seasonal changes of chlorophyll content in the vegetative growth stage of potted plantlets of local genuine yams in Jiangxi from May to September all presented the trend of"increased first and then decreased", which all arrived at the highest value at 15:00 everyday in July or in August. The seasonal changes of Pn, Tr, Gs, Ls, WUE, CUE, Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, ФPSⅡ, Fv'/Fm' and q P in the vegetative growth stage of potted plantlets of local genuine yams in Jiangxi from May to September also presented the trend of "increased first and then decreased", which all reached the highest value in July or in August. While the seasonal change of Ci and q N in their vegetative growth stage from May to September presented the trend of "decreased first and then in decreased", which all reached the lowest value in August, in which Ci of Ruichang yam had no significant difference in July and August, and q N of Nancheng yam and Guangfeng yam also had no significant difference in July and August. Therefore, potted plantlets of local genuine yam varieties in Jiangxi had higher photosynthetic capacity in July and August, which would provide a theoretical basis for their plantlets' transplanting and subsequent management of water and fertilizer.
引文
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Huang L.,2013,The seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis of Kandelia candel,Avicennia marina,Aegiceras corniculatum and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in Zhangjiang estuary,Shidi Kexue(Wetland Science),11(1):82-89(黄丽,2013,福建省漳江口秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤和木榄光合作用季节动态研究,湿地科学,11(1):82-89)
Jiang J.X.,Li C.,and Song S.L.,2012,Morphological and molecular identification of pathogen of yam anthracnose in Ruichang City,Jiangxi Province,Shengwu Zaihai Kexue(Biological Disaster Science),35(1):37-39(蒋军喜,李诚,宋水林,2012,江西瑞昌山药炭疽病菌的形态及分子鉴定,生物灾害科学,35(1):37-39)
Jiang W.,Shen Z.J.,Jiang W.B.,Wang H.,Cui P.Q.,and Ma R.J.,2008,Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics in different honey peach cultivars in three seasons,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences),24(3):321-330(姜武,沈志军,姜卫兵,王虹,崔培强,马瑞娟,2008,不同季节水蜜桃品种光合生理指标的比较,江苏农业学报,24(3):321-330)
Jiang W.B.,Zhuang M.,Shen Z.J.,Song H.F.,Cao J.,and Li G.,2006,Study on the photosynthetic characteristics of red-leaf peach and purple-leaf plum in different seasons,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),33(3):577-582(姜卫兵,庄猛,沈志军,宋宏峰,曹晶,李刚,2006,不同季节红叶桃、紫叶李的光合特性研究,园艺学报,33(3):577-582)
Li M.,and Zhang G.R.,2013,Study on photosynthetic characteristics of several indigenous yam varieties in the west of Shandong Province,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(3):19-22(李敏,张桂荣,2013,鲁西地区六个山药地方品种光合特性比较研究,北方园艺,(3):19-22)
Liu W.,and Cao X.H.,2011,Comparison on chlorophyll content and its diurnal variation law between wild and tissue culture Lysionotus pauiflorus,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(20):79-81(刘伟,曹晓慧,2011,野生与组培吊石苣苔叶绿素含量及其日变化比较,北方园艺,(20):79-81)
Ma L.,Li J.H.,and Yan X.F.,2015,Diurnal variation of root activity and chlorophyll content in wheat,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences),43(6):78-80(马丽李佳慧,闫永峰,2015,小麦根系活力与叶绿素含量的日变化规律,江苏农业科学,43(6):78-80)
Tang X.B.,Liu X.J.,Shi D.L.,and Wang X.P.,2009,Study on seasonal difference of chlorophyll content in tea,Zhejiang Nongye Kexue(Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences)(3):502-503(唐晓波,刘晓军,师大亮,王小萍,2009,茶叶中叶绿素含量的季节性差异研究,浙江农业科学,(3)502-503)
Tian H.T.,Wen G.S.,Zhang M.R.,Zhang R.M.,and Li G.H.2015,The preliminary research on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Phyllostachys praecox in west of Hangzhou,Zhejiang,Fujian Linxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Fujian College of Forestry),29(2):97-102(田海涛,温国胜张明如,张汝民,李国会,2009,浙江杭州西郊雷竹叶绿素荧光特性的初步研究,福建林学院学报,29(2):97-102)
Tu W.F.,Tang J.,Tu Y.Q.,Wang L.Q.,Gu D.P.,Bao Y.S.,and Dai X.L.,2012,Advantage and status of Chinese yam production in Jiangxi,Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),24(11):21-24(涂伟凤,汤洁,涂玉琴,王丽钦,谷德平,包亦顺,戴兴临,2012,江西山药生产现状及发展优势,江西农业学报,24(11):21-24)
Wang S.B.,and Yin M.,2012,The chlorophyll content of Anji tea changing with seasons in Nanjing,Jinling Keji Xueyuan Kexue(Journal of Jinling Institute of Technology),28(1):72-75,83(王世斌,印鸣,2012,南京地区安吉白茶叶绿素含量随季节变化的研究,金陵科技学院学报,28(1):72-75,83
Xu H.J.,and Gong X.D.,2010,Study on the photosynthetic properties of some local fine root hair yam varieties,Zhongzi(Seed),29(5):19-21(徐恒戬,巩旭东,2010,地方细毛山药品种光合特性的研究,种子,29(5):19-21)
Yin M.H.,Xu Z.J.,Zhang S.Q.,Lv S.J.,Zeng Y.H.,Fu Y.Z.,Xia J.H.,and Hong S.R.,2016,Cryopreservation of Jiangxi yam shoot-tip by encapsulation-vitrification and its detection of genetic stability,Zhejiang Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis),28(6):984-991(尹明华,徐志坚,章省琴,吕思杰,曾艳红,付有章,夏瑾华,洪森荣,2016,江西山药茎尖包埋玻璃化法超低温保存及其遗传稳定性检测,浙江农业学报,28(6):984-991)
Zhang Y.F.,Chen C.Y.,Chen T.,Zhang M.X.,Liu G.X.,and An L.Z.,2010,Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in response to seasonal variations in two sabina trees,Zhiwu Yanjiu(Bulletin of Botanical Research),30(3):289-293(张有福,陈春艳,陈拓,张满效,刘光琇,安黎哲,2010,2种圆柏属植物叶绿素荧光对季节变化的响应特征,植物研究,30(3):289-293)
Zuo L.H.,Duan L.F.,Zhang J.,and Yang M.S.,2015,The dynamic change of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluores cence of Malus sieversii(Ldb.)Roem.clones,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(1):17-22(左力辉,段龙飞,张军,杨敏生,2015,新疆野苹果光合和叶绿素荧光参数季节变化,北方园艺,(1):17-22)
He Z.,Huang T.,Li J.K.,Song H.Y.,Xu S.F.,Cui C.Y.,and Jiang J.X.,2016,Identification of nematode causing yam root rot in Ruichang City,Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),38(5):879-883(贺哲,黄婷,李俊科,宋红艳,徐世凤,崔朝宇,蒋军喜,2016,瑞昌山药根腐线虫病病原鉴定,江西农业大学学报,38(5):879-883)
Huang L.,2013,The seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis of Kandelia candel,Avicennia marina,Aegiceras corniculatum and Bruguiera gymnorrhiza in Zhangjiang estuary,Shidi Kexue(Wetland Science),11(1):82-89(黄丽,2013,福建省漳江口秋茄、桐花树、白骨壤和木榄光合作用季节动态研究,湿地科学,11(1):82-89)
Jiang J.X.,Li C.,and Song S.L.,2012,Morphological and molecular identification of pathogen of yam anthracnose in Ruichang City,Jiangxi Province,Shengwu Zaihai Kexue(Biological Disaster Science),35(1):37-39(蒋军喜,李诚,宋水林,2012,江西瑞昌山药炭疽病菌的形态及分子鉴定,生物灾害科学,35(1):37-39)
Jiang W.,Shen Z.J.,Jiang W.B.,Wang H.,Cui P.Q.,and Ma R.J.,2008,Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics in different honey peach cultivars in three seasons,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences),24(3):321-330(姜武,沈志军,姜卫兵,王虹,崔培强,马瑞娟,2008,不同季节水蜜桃品种光合生理指标的比较,江苏农业学报,24(3):321-330)
Jiang W.B.,Zhuang M.,Shen Z.J.,Song H.F.,Cao J.,and Li G.,2006,Study on the photosynthetic characteristics of red-leaf peach and purple-leaf plum in different seasons,Yuanyi Xuebao(Acta Horticulturae Sinica),33(3):577-582(姜卫兵,庄猛,沈志军,宋宏峰,曹晶,李刚,2006,不同季节红叶桃、紫叶李的光合特性研究,园艺学报,33(3):577-582)
Li M.,and Zhang G.R.,2013,Study on photosynthetic characteristics of several indigenous yam varieties in the west of Shandong Province,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(3):19-22(李敏,张桂荣,2013,鲁西地区六个山药地方品种光合特性比较研究,北方园艺,(3):19-22)
Liu W.,and Cao X.H.,2011,Comparison on chlorophyll content and its diurnal variation law between wild and tissue culture Lysionotus pauiflorus,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(20):79-81(刘伟,曹晓慧,2011,野生与组培吊石苣苔叶绿素含量及其日变化比较,北方园艺,(20):79-81)
Ma L.,Li J.H.,and Yan X.F.,2015,Diurnal variation of root activity and chlorophyll content in wheat,Jiangsu Nongye Kexue(Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences),43(6):78-80(马丽李佳慧,闫永峰,2015,小麦根系活力与叶绿素含量的日变化规律,江苏农业科学,43(6):78-80)
Tang X.B.,Liu X.J.,Shi D.L.,and Wang X.P.,2009,Study on seasonal difference of chlorophyll content in tea,Zhejiang Nongye Kexue(Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences)(3):502-503(唐晓波,刘晓军,师大亮,王小萍,2009,茶叶中叶绿素含量的季节性差异研究,浙江农业科学,(3)502-503)
Tian H.T.,Wen G.S.,Zhang M.R.,Zhang R.M.,and Li G.H.2015,The preliminary research on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Phyllostachys praecox in west of Hangzhou,Zhejiang,Fujian Linxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Fujian College of Forestry),29(2):97-102(田海涛,温国胜张明如,张汝民,李国会,2009,浙江杭州西郊雷竹叶绿素荧光特性的初步研究,福建林学院学报,29(2):97-102)
Tu W.F.,Tang J.,Tu Y.Q.,Wang L.Q.,Gu D.P.,Bao Y.S.,and Dai X.L.,2012,Advantage and status of Chinese yam production in Jiangxi,Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),24(11):21-24(涂伟凤,汤洁,涂玉琴,王丽钦,谷德平,包亦顺,戴兴临,2012,江西山药生产现状及发展优势,江西农业学报,24(11):21-24)
Wang S.B.,and Yin M.,2012,The chlorophyll content of Anji tea changing with seasons in Nanjing,Jinling Keji Xueyuan Kexue(Journal of Jinling Institute of Technology),28(1):72-75,83(王世斌,印鸣,2012,南京地区安吉白茶叶绿素含量随季节变化的研究,金陵科技学院学报,28(1):72-75,83
Xu H.J.,and Gong X.D.,2010,Study on the photosynthetic properties of some local fine root hair yam varieties,Zhongzi(Seed),29(5):19-21(徐恒戬,巩旭东,2010,地方细毛山药品种光合特性的研究,种子,29(5):19-21)
Yin M.H.,Xu Z.J.,Zhang S.Q.,Lv S.J.,Zeng Y.H.,Fu Y.Z.,Xia J.H.,and Hong S.R.,2016,Cryopreservation of Jiangxi yam shoot-tip by encapsulation-vitrification and its detection of genetic stability,Zhejiang Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis),28(6):984-991(尹明华,徐志坚,章省琴,吕思杰,曾艳红,付有章,夏瑾华,洪森荣,2016,江西山药茎尖包埋玻璃化法超低温保存及其遗传稳定性检测,浙江农业学报,28(6):984-991)
Zhang Y.F.,Chen C.Y.,Chen T.,Zhang M.X.,Liu G.X.,and An L.Z.,2010,Chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics in response to seasonal variations in two sabina trees,Zhiwu Yanjiu(Bulletin of Botanical Research),30(3):289-293(张有福,陈春艳,陈拓,张满效,刘光琇,安黎哲,2010,2种圆柏属植物叶绿素荧光对季节变化的响应特征,植物研究,30(3):289-293)
Zuo L.H.,Duan L.F.,Zhang J.,and Yang M.S.,2015,The dynamic change of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluores cence of Malus sieversii(Ldb.)Roem.clones,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(1):17-22(左力辉,段龙飞,张军,杨敏生,2015,新疆野苹果光合和叶绿素荧光参数季节变化,北方园艺,(1):17-22)