南城淮山脱毒苗移栽驯化期的光合生理
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摘要
为了解南城淮山脱毒苗移栽驯化期的光合生理,本研究对其移栽驯化期的叶绿素含量以及其光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数进行测定和统计分析。结果表明,南城淮山脱毒苗在移栽驯化初期具有较高的叶绿素含量;随着移栽驯化时间延长,脱毒苗的叶绿素含量也显著提高;当移栽驯化时间达到10 d时,脱毒苗的叶绿素含量达到最高值;但当移栽驯化时间超过10 d时,脱毒苗的叶绿素含量则显著下降。脱毒苗在移栽驯化期间的叶绿素含量显著高于其带毒苗。脱毒苗移栽驯化期内的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔限制值(Ls)、水分利用效率(WUE)、瞬时羧化速率(CUE)、初始荧光(Fo)、暗适应下最大荧光(Fm)、暗适应下PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在光化学效率(Fv/Fo)、光适应下PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)、光适应下PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv'/Fm')、光化学荧光猝灭系数(q P)先增后降;蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)显著下降;胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和非光化学猝灭系数(q N)先降后升。脱毒苗的Pn、Tr、Gs、Ls、WUE、CUE、Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、ФPSⅡ、Fv'/Fm'、q P均显著高于带毒苗,而其Ci和q N显著低于带毒苗。因此,南城淮山脱毒苗老叶在移栽驯化期第10天具有较强的光合效率,随后其光合效率随着移栽驯化时间的延长而显著下降,并逐渐由新生叶的光合作用所代替。南城淮山脱毒苗的光合效率显著高于带毒苗,有利于积累更多的光合产物,从而实现增产。本实验结果为南城淮山脱毒苗的移栽驯化及其大田种植提供了理论基础。
In order to understand the photosynthetic physiology of virus-free plantlets of Dioscorea opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng during transplanting and domestication,the chlorophyll content,the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters during transplanting and domesticatio were tested and statistically analyzed.The results showed that virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng had high chlorophyll content at the early stage of transplanting and domestication.The chlorophyll content of virus-free plantlets significantly increased with the time of transplanting and domestication.When the transplanting and domestication time reached 10 d,the chlorophyll content of virus-free plantlets reached the highest value.But when the transplanting and domestication time was over 10 d,the chlorophyll content decreased significantly.The chlorophyll content of virus-free plantlets was significantly higher than that of its plantlets with viruses.During transplanting and domestication of virus-free plantlets,Pn,Ls,WUE,CUE,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,ФPSⅡ,Fv'/Fm' and q P increased firstly and then decreased,Tr and Gs significantly decreased and Ci decreased firstly and then increased.Pn,Tr,Gs,Ls,WUE,CUE,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,ФPSⅡ,Fv'/Fm' and q P of virus-free plantlets was significantly higher than those of plantlets with viruses,but Ci and q N was significantly lower than those of plantlets with viruses.The old leaves of virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng had higher photosynthetic efficiency at the 10 th day of transplanting and domestication,but its photosynthetic efficiency decreased gradually with the extension of time and was replaced by the photosynthesis of new leaf.The photosynthetic efficiency of virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng was significantly higher than that of plantlets with viruses,which was more conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products and realize high production.These results provide a theoretical basis for transplanting and domestication of virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng and their planting in the field.
In order to understand the photosynthetic physiology of virus-free plantlets of Dioscorea opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng during transplanting and domestication,the chlorophyll content,the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters during transplanting and domesticatio were tested and statistically analyzed.The results showed that virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng had high chlorophyll content at the early stage of transplanting and domestication.The chlorophyll content of virus-free plantlets significantly increased with the time of transplanting and domestication.When the transplanting and domestication time reached 10 d,the chlorophyll content of virus-free plantlets reached the highest value.But when the transplanting and domestication time was over 10 d,the chlorophyll content decreased significantly.The chlorophyll content of virus-free plantlets was significantly higher than that of its plantlets with viruses.During transplanting and domestication of virus-free plantlets,Pn,Ls,WUE,CUE,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,ФPSⅡ,Fv'/Fm' and q P increased firstly and then decreased,Tr and Gs significantly decreased and Ci decreased firstly and then increased.Pn,Tr,Gs,Ls,WUE,CUE,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,ФPSⅡ,Fv'/Fm' and q P of virus-free plantlets was significantly higher than those of plantlets with viruses,but Ci and q N was significantly lower than those of plantlets with viruses.The old leaves of virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng had higher photosynthetic efficiency at the 10 th day of transplanting and domestication,but its photosynthetic efficiency decreased gradually with the extension of time and was replaced by the photosynthesis of new leaf.The photosynthetic efficiency of virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng was significantly higher than that of plantlets with viruses,which was more conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products and realize high production.These results provide a theoretical basis for transplanting and domestication of virus-free plantlets of D.opposite Thunb.cv.Nancheng and their planting in the field.
引文
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He Z.,Huang T.,Li J.K.,Song H.Y.,Xu S.F.,Cui C.Y.,and Jiang J.X.,2016,Identification of nematode causing yam root rot in Ruichang City,Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),38(5):879-883(贺哲,黄婷,李俊科,宋红艳,徐世凤崔朝宇,蒋军喜,2016,瑞昌山药根腐线虫病病原鉴定,江西农业大学学报,38(5):879-883)
Huang C.M.,Li Y.R.,Ye Y.P.,and Jiang W.,2009,Photosynthetic characteristics of virus-free plantlets for chewing cane Badila,Guangxi Nongye Kexue(Guangxi Agricultural Sciences),40(1):39-42(黄诚梅,李杨瑞,叶燕萍,江文,2009,果蔗Badila脱毒组培苗的光合特性,广西农业科学,40(1):39-42)
Li F.H.,Mao J.,Chen B.H.,Mi B.Q.,and Xie Y.D.,2016,Changes in root vigor,photosynthetic properties and ultrastructures of Prunus avium tube seedings during transplantation,Gansu Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Gansu Agricultural University),51(1):77-83(李福慧,毛娟,陈佰鸿,米宝琴,谢永东,2016,甜樱桃试管苗移栽过程中根系活力、叶片光合特性及超微结构的变化,甘肃农业大学学报,51(1):77-83)
Luan Y.F.,and Wang J.L.,2002,Comparative study on photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of virus-free potato and common potato,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Scientia Agricultura Sinica),35(2):222-224(栾运芳,王建林,2002,脱毒与未脱毒马铃薯叶片光合特性的比较研究,中国农业科学,35(2):222-224)
Luan Y.F.,Wang J.L.,and Dacizhuoga,2001,The photosynthetic and yield-increasing mechanism of virus-free potato,Xinan Nongye Xuebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),14(2):38-40(栾运芳,王建林,大次卓嘎,2001,脱毒马铃薯光合及增产机理的研究,西南农业学报,14(2):38-40)
Pan D.R.,Xu L.P.,Luo J.,and Fu H.Y.,2001,Improvement of photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Sugarcane mosaic virus-free chewing cane,Fujian Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Fujian Agricultural University),30(3):320-323(潘大仁,许莉萍,罗俊,傅华英,2001,果蔗脱毒对光合作用及产量的效应,福建农业大学学报,30(3):320-323)
Pu X.Z.,Yin C.Y.,Zhou X.B.,Li N.,and Liu Q.,2012,Changes in photosynthetic properties,ultrastructure and root vigor of Dendrobium candidum tissue culture seedlings during transplantation,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),32(13):4114-4122(濮晓珍,尹春英,周晓波,李娜,刘庆,2012,铁皮石斛组培苗移栽驯化过程中叶片光合特性、超微结构及根系活力的变化,生态学报,32(13):4114-4122)
Tang J.,Dai X.L.,Tu Y.Q.,Tu W.F.,Wang L.Q.,Zhang T.,and Zhang N.F.,2016,Collection,identification and improvement of yam germplasm resources,Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),28(10):15-18(汤洁,戴兴临,涂玉琴,涂伟凤,王丽钦,张弢,张南峰,2016,淮山药种质资源收集鉴定及品种改良,江西农业学报,28(10):15-18)
Xiao G.L.,Wang G.Q.,and Guo H.C.,2012,Study on domesticated cultivation of virus-free sweet potato seedlings and photosynthetic efficiency in field,Xinan Nongye Xuebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),25(2):416-419(肖关丽,王贵淇,郭华春,2012,甘薯脱毒苗驯化培养及大田光合效率研究,西南农业学报,25(2):416-419)
Han L.L.,Li J.H.,Zhao X.T.,Zhang X.L.,Song Z.H.,Liu S.Y.,and Li M.J.,2016,Establishment of Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system in leaf of Dioscorea opposita Henan Shifan Daxue Xuebao:Ziran Kexueban(Journal of Henan Normal University:Natural Science Edition),44(6)135-139(韩林林,李俊华,赵喜亭,张晓丽,宋志辉,刘世宇李明军,2016,农杆菌介导的怀山药叶片瞬时表达方法的建立,河南师范大学学报:自然科学版,44(6):135-139)
He Z.,Huang T.,Li J.K.,Song H.Y.,Xu S.F.,Cui C.Y.,and Jiang J.X.,2016,Identification of nematode causing yam root rot in Ruichang City,Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis),38(5):879-883(贺哲,黄婷,李俊科,宋红艳,徐世凤崔朝宇,蒋军喜,2016,瑞昌山药根腐线虫病病原鉴定,江西农业大学学报,38(5):879-883)
Huang C.M.,Li Y.R.,Ye Y.P.,and Jiang W.,2009,Photosynthetic characteristics of virus-free plantlets for chewing cane Badila,Guangxi Nongye Kexue(Guangxi Agricultural Sciences),40(1):39-42(黄诚梅,李杨瑞,叶燕萍,江文,2009,果蔗Badila脱毒组培苗的光合特性,广西农业科学,40(1):39-42)
Li F.H.,Mao J.,Chen B.H.,Mi B.Q.,and Xie Y.D.,2016,Changes in root vigor,photosynthetic properties and ultrastructures of Prunus avium tube seedings during transplantation,Gansu Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Gansu Agricultural University),51(1):77-83(李福慧,毛娟,陈佰鸿,米宝琴,谢永东,2016,甜樱桃试管苗移栽过程中根系活力、叶片光合特性及超微结构的变化,甘肃农业大学学报,51(1):77-83)
Luan Y.F.,and Wang J.L.,2002,Comparative study on photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of virus-free potato and common potato,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Scientia Agricultura Sinica),35(2):222-224(栾运芳,王建林,2002,脱毒与未脱毒马铃薯叶片光合特性的比较研究,中国农业科学,35(2):222-224)
Luan Y.F.,Wang J.L.,and Dacizhuoga,2001,The photosynthetic and yield-increasing mechanism of virus-free potato,Xinan Nongye Xuebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),14(2):38-40(栾运芳,王建林,大次卓嘎,2001,脱毒马铃薯光合及增产机理的研究,西南农业学报,14(2):38-40)
Pan D.R.,Xu L.P.,Luo J.,and Fu H.Y.,2001,Improvement of photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Sugarcane mosaic virus-free chewing cane,Fujian Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Fujian Agricultural University),30(3):320-323(潘大仁,许莉萍,罗俊,傅华英,2001,果蔗脱毒对光合作用及产量的效应,福建农业大学学报,30(3):320-323)
Pu X.Z.,Yin C.Y.,Zhou X.B.,Li N.,and Liu Q.,2012,Changes in photosynthetic properties,ultrastructure and root vigor of Dendrobium candidum tissue culture seedlings during transplantation,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),32(13):4114-4122(濮晓珍,尹春英,周晓波,李娜,刘庆,2012,铁皮石斛组培苗移栽驯化过程中叶片光合特性、超微结构及根系活力的变化,生态学报,32(13):4114-4122)
Tang J.,Dai X.L.,Tu Y.Q.,Tu W.F.,Wang L.Q.,Zhang T.,and Zhang N.F.,2016,Collection,identification and improvement of yam germplasm resources,Jiangxi Nongye Xuebao(Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi),28(10):15-18(汤洁,戴兴临,涂玉琴,涂伟凤,王丽钦,张弢,张南峰,2016,淮山药种质资源收集鉴定及品种改良,江西农业学报,28(10):15-18)
Xiao G.L.,Wang G.Q.,and Guo H.C.,2012,Study on domesticated cultivation of virus-free sweet potato seedlings and photosynthetic efficiency in field,Xinan Nongye Xuebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),25(2):416-419(肖关丽,王贵淇,郭华春,2012,甘薯脱毒苗驯化培养及大田光合效率研究,西南农业学报,25(2):416-419)