贵阳市居家失能老年人照护者抑郁状况及影响因素
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摘要
目的:了解贵阳市居家失能老年人照护者抑郁现况,分析相关影响因素。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,应用Barthel指数量表筛选出贵阳市281名居家失能老年人,并采用一般情况调查表(年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、就业状况、家庭月收入、日照护时间、与失能老年人关系)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对其照护者进行调查。结果:贵阳市居家失能老年人照护者年龄、文化程度、当前就业状况、与居家失能老年人关系、日照护时间、累计照护年限、被照护老年人失能程度及社会支持得分对照护者抑郁评分有影响(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析显示照护者文化程度、当前就业状况、与居家失能老年人关系、日照护时间、累计照护年限、被照护老年人失能程度及SSRS得分与照护者抑郁状况有关联(P<0.05)。结论:贵阳市居家失能老年人照护者抑郁状况不容忽视,在制定养老保健措施的同时应关注其照护者的心理健康水平。
Objective: To analyze the depression status and influencing factors of caregivers of disabled elderly people in Guiyang. Methods: A multistage stratified random sampling method and the Barthel index were used to select 281 disabled elderly people living in Guiyang. Their caregivers were investigated with normal questionnaires(age, sex, marital status, educational level, employment status, monthly income, care time, relationship with elderly people with family disabilities), self-rating depression scale(SDS), and social support rating scale(SSRS). Results: Age, education level, current employment status, relationship with disabled elderly people at home, daily care time, cumulative care years, disabled degree of cared elderly and social support scores of caregivers in Guiyang had an impact on depression scores of caregivers(P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the educational level of caregivers, the current employment situation, the relationship with the disabled elderly at home, daily care time, cumulative care years, the disabled degree of the cared elderly and SSRS scores were correlated with the depression status of caregivers(P<0.05). Conclusions: Depression status of caregivers of elderly people with disabilities at home in Guiyang cannot be ignored and the mental health level of caregivers should be paid attention to while formulating health care measures for the aged.
Objective: To analyze the depression status and influencing factors of caregivers of disabled elderly people in Guiyang. Methods: A multistage stratified random sampling method and the Barthel index were used to select 281 disabled elderly people living in Guiyang. Their caregivers were investigated with normal questionnaires(age, sex, marital status, educational level, employment status, monthly income, care time, relationship with elderly people with family disabilities), self-rating depression scale(SDS), and social support rating scale(SSRS). Results: Age, education level, current employment status, relationship with disabled elderly people at home, daily care time, cumulative care years, disabled degree of cared elderly and social support scores of caregivers in Guiyang had an impact on depression scores of caregivers(P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the educational level of caregivers, the current employment situation, the relationship with the disabled elderly at home, daily care time, cumulative care years, the disabled degree of the cared elderly and SSRS scores were correlated with the depression status of caregivers(P<0.05). Conclusions: Depression status of caregivers of elderly people with disabilities at home in Guiyang cannot be ignored and the mental health level of caregivers should be paid attention to while formulating health care measures for the aged.
引文
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[12]王美艳,王玉环,吴复琛,陈雪峰,王文婷.新疆维吾尔族和哈萨克族居家失能老年人照护者的抑郁状况[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2015,29(8):587-592.
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[14]江爱玉,陈爱学,苏雅芳,等.精神病患者照料人心理健康状况与文化程度的关系[J].预防医学,2015(10):1031-1033.
[15]杜娟,钱晨光,徐薇,等.北京市某城区失能老人家庭照顾者的抑郁情绪现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2014,28(7):506-511.
[16]毛智慧,刘晓亭,刘伟,等.沈阳市皇姑区265名失能老人家庭照护者抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(2):32-36.
[2] 成绯绯.从第四次全国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查数据看养老服务业发展五大趋势.人民网[EB/OL].(2016-10-17)[2019-03-25].http://gongyi.people.com.cn/n1/2016/1017/c152511-28785395.html.
[3] 董彭涛.建立健全中国家庭养老支持政策探析[J].老龄科学研究,2014,2(2):10-17.
[4] HAMMOND T,WEINBERG M K,CUMMINS R A.The dyadic interaction of relationships and disability type on informal carer subjective well-being[J].Quality of Life Research,2014,23(5):1535-1542.
[5] 王晓华,梁晓慧,孟伟康,等.老年脑卒中患者主要照顾者抑郁现况调查及影响因素研究[J].河北医药,2017,(19):3035-3037;3040.
[6] 干雨,何玲玲.肺癌化疗患者主要照顾者抑郁状况及影响因素分析[J].浙江医学教育,2014,13(5):45-47.
[7] 刘东玲,陈辉,史岩,等.社区脑卒中主要照顾者抑郁状况及影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2015,35(21):6240-6242.
[8] 汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册[M].北京.中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:235-238.
[9] 肖水源.《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J].临床精神医学杂志,1994,(2):98-100.
[10]CAMERON J I,CHEUNG A M,STREINER D L,et al.Stroke survivor depressive symptoms are associated with family caregiver depression during the first 2 years poststroke[J].Stroke,2011,42(2):302-306.
[11]王春芳,蔡则环,徐清.抑郁自评量表—SDS对1,340例正常人评定分析[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,1986(5):267-268.
[12]王美艳,王玉环,吴复琛,陈雪峰,王文婷.新疆维吾尔族和哈萨克族居家失能老年人照护者的抑郁状况[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2015,29(8):587-592.
[13]JR M B,AINLAY S L.The structure of social support:a Conceptual and empirical analysis[J].Journal of Community Psychology,1983,11(2):133-143.
[14]江爱玉,陈爱学,苏雅芳,等.精神病患者照料人心理健康状况与文化程度的关系[J].预防医学,2015(10):1031-1033.
[15]杜娟,钱晨光,徐薇,等.北京市某城区失能老人家庭照顾者的抑郁情绪现况调查[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2014,28(7):506-511.
[16]毛智慧,刘晓亭,刘伟,等.沈阳市皇姑区265名失能老人家庭照护者抑郁现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报,2017,24(2):32-36.