传输线无功功率教学探讨
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摘要
本文从电磁场理论的坡印廷矢量出发,分析了交流稳态电路中电能传输的途经及传输方向,直观清晰地解释了电源与负载间的能量交换是通过导体周围的介质实现的,导线自身不仅不传输电能而且还消耗电能;通过电能传输过程的分析,对电路的无功功率的物理意义进行了探讨,指出了部分教材对无功功率解释的不妥之处,得到了二端网络的无功功率等于其戴维南等效电路的等效电感(或等效电容)的瞬时功率的幅值的结论。
This paper analyzes the energy flow,its dissipation and storage in the AC system,by the help of the Poynting Vector. It is clearly explained that the energy is dwelled in and oscillated in the dieletric that surrounds the conductors,the conductors do not only transfer energy but also consume electric energy. This approach,based on the propagation of energy,explains the true physical mechanism of reactive power in AC system. Consequently,the unreasonable explanations in some textbook of circuit are pointed out. It is demonstrated in this paper that the reactive power equals the magnitude of the instantaneous power of the Daviuna equivalent conductance of the same circuit.
This paper analyzes the energy flow,its dissipation and storage in the AC system,by the help of the Poynting Vector. It is clearly explained that the energy is dwelled in and oscillated in the dieletric that surrounds the conductors,the conductors do not only transfer energy but also consume electric energy. This approach,based on the propagation of energy,explains the true physical mechanism of reactive power in AC system. Consequently,the unreasonable explanations in some textbook of circuit are pointed out. It is demonstrated in this paper that the reactive power equals the magnitude of the instantaneous power of the Daviuna equivalent conductance of the same circuit.
引文
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[2]刘陈,周井泉,等.电路分析基础[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2015. 2.
[3]汪金山等.电路分析教程[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2011.1.
[4]张晓冬,王英.电路基础[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2008. 12.
[5]吴大正.电路基础[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社.1991. 8.
[6]邱关源,罗先觉.电路[M].北京:高等教育出版社. 2006. 5.
[7]王二萍,李道清.电路分析[M].武汉:华中中科技大学出版社,2014. 1.
[8]王玫.电路分析基础[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2008. 4.
[9]汪小娜,单潮龙等.对无功功率物理意义的讨论[J].物理与工程,2014,24(2):24-36.
[10]田社平,张峰,陈洪亮.无功功率教学新探.南京:电气电子教学学报[J]. 2012,34(3):4-6.