不同树龄水曲柳半同胞家系生长性状变异研究
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摘要
为筛选优质的水曲柳种质资源,以吉林省三岔子林业局国家水曲柳良种基地的16年生水曲柳子代测定林75个半同胞家系为材料,分别在第4、11和16年对其树高、地径(胸径)和材积进行测定。方差分析结果表明,不同变异来源各指标均达极显著差异水平(P <0. 01);各指标表型变异系数变化范围为22. 20%～63. 30%,家系遗传力变化范围为0. 796～0. 981;相关性分析结果表明各指标间均呈极显著正相关;以材积为评价指标,按10%入选率对家系进行评价选择,初步筛选8个优良家系,入选的家系材积平均值比总平均值高0. 007 m~3,遗传增益为36. 03%;该研究选出的优良家系可为良种登记提供基础,也可为种子园的改建提供材料。
In order to select high-quality germplasm resources of Fraxinus mandshurica,with 75 half-sib families of 16-years F. mandshurica at Sanchazi Forestry Bureau,tree height,basal diameter(diameter at breast height) and volume were investigated in the 4 th,11 th and 16 th growth years. By ANOVA analysis,there was significant differences among different variation source(P < 0. 01). The variation coefficients of phenotypic and heritabilities of different traits ranged in 22. 20%-63. 30% and 0. 796-0. 981,respectively. There was significant positive correlation among different traits. Based on 10% selected rate,according to volume to evaluate the families,eight families were selected as elite families. The average volumes of elite family were higher than average values of all the families by 0. 003 m~3,whose genetic gain were 36. 03%. The elite families can supply basis materials for the improved variety register and the rebuilt seed orchard of F. mandshurica.
In order to select high-quality germplasm resources of Fraxinus mandshurica,with 75 half-sib families of 16-years F. mandshurica at Sanchazi Forestry Bureau,tree height,basal diameter(diameter at breast height) and volume were investigated in the 4 th,11 th and 16 th growth years. By ANOVA analysis,there was significant differences among different variation source(P < 0. 01). The variation coefficients of phenotypic and heritabilities of different traits ranged in 22. 20%-63. 30% and 0. 796-0. 981,respectively. There was significant positive correlation among different traits. Based on 10% selected rate,according to volume to evaluate the families,eight families were selected as elite families. The average volumes of elite family were higher than average values of all the families by 0. 003 m~3,whose genetic gain were 36. 03%. The elite families can supply basis materials for the improved variety register and the rebuilt seed orchard of F. mandshurica.
引文
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2.赵光仪,田兴军,吴振河.黄波罗、胡桃楸、水曲柳分布北限论析[J].东北林业大学学报,1991,19(S1):290-295.Zhao G Y,Tian X J,Wu Z H.Analysis and discussion on the north distributing limitation of Amur corktree,Manchurian walnut and Manchurian ash[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,1991,19(S1):290-295.
3.田俊德,陈晓波,叶燕萍,等.吉林地区水曲柳种源选择试验初报[J].吉林林业科技,1994,(2):14-16.Tian J D,Chen X B,Ye Y P,et al.Preliminary report on provenance selection of Fraxinus mandshurica in Jilin province[J].Jilin Forestry Science and Technology,1994,(2):14-16.
4.赵兴堂,夏德安,曾凡锁,等.水曲柳生长性状种源与地点互作及优良种源选择[J].林业科学,2015,51(3):140-147.Zhao X T,Xia D A,Zeng F S,et al.Provenances by sites interaction of growth traits and provenance selection of Fraxinus mandshurica[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2015,51(3):140-147.
5.陆志民,任宣百,王芳,等.水曲柳早期选择研究[J].吉林林业科技,2016,45(4):3-8.Lu Z M,Ren X B,Wang F,et al.The early selection research of Fraxinus mandshurica[J].Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology,2016,45(4):3-8.
6.Matsuda K,Shibuya M,Koike T.Maintenance and rehabilitation of the mixed conifer-broadleaf forests in Hokkaido,Northern Japan[J].Eurasian Journal of Forest Research,2002,5(2):119-130.
7.Koike T,Kitao M,Maruyama Y,et al.Leaf morphology and photosynthetic adjustments among deciduous broad-leaved trees within the vertical canopy profile[J].Tree Physiology,2001,21(12-13):951-958.
8.Kim Y S,Kim C H,Kil B S.Classification and ordination analysis of the Quercus mongolica communities in Mt.Changan,Chonbuk[J].Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology,1999,13(2):143-152.
9.Jacobs K,Danielson D.Variation in field susceptibility of native and exotic ash species to anthracnose[J].Journal of Arboriculture,2002,28(1):35-40.
10.侯治溥.长白山林区森林立地条件及落松的更新[J].林业科学,1959,5(4):261-278.Hou Z P.Forest site conditions and regeneration of larch in Changbai mountain forest area[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,1959,5(4):261-278.
11.易雪梅,张悦,王远遐,等.长白山水曲柳种群动态[J].生态学报,2015,35(1):91-97.Yi X M,Zhang Y,Wang Y X,et al.Population structure and dynamics of Fraxinus mandshurica in Changbai mountain[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(1):91-97.
12.范春楠,郑金萍,韩士杰,等.吉林省中东部森林分布区水曲柳分布及其生态特征[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(4):1-11.Fan C N,Zheng J P,Han S J,et al.Resource distribution and ecological characteristics of Fraxinus mandshurica in central-eastern forest region of Jilin province,northeastern China[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2017,39(4):1-11.
13.孟宪婷.东北地区不同种源水曲柳遗传分化的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2009.Meng X T.Study on genetic differentiation of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.in different provenances northeast of China[D].Harbin:Northeast Forestry University,2009.
14.王金国,闫朝福,张含国,等.苇河青山林木良种基地优异种质资源评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(7):25-29,45.Wang J G,Yan Z F,Zhang H G,et al.Germplasm evaluation of Qingshan excellent seed base in Weihe[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2011,39(7):25-29,45.
15.曹士晗,张桂芹,赵兴江,等.水曲柳种子园半双列杂交配合力测定初报[J].林业科技,2013,38(5):22-24.Cao S H,Zhang G Q,Zhao X J,et al.The determination of half diallel cross combining ability of Fraxinus mandshurica seed orchard[J].Forestry Science&Technology,2013,38(5):22-24.
16.朱凯月,王庆成,吴文娟.林隙大小对蒙古栎和水曲柳人工更新幼树生长和形态的影响[J].林业科学,2017,53(4):150-157.Zhu K Y,Wang Q C,Wu W J.Effect of gap size on growth and morphology of transplanted saplings of Quercus mongolica and Fraxinus mandshurica[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2017,53(4):150-157.
17.徐速,曾凡锁,赵兴堂,等.不同种源水曲柳木材主要化学成分含量变异分析[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(2):234-238.Xu S,Zeng F S,Zhao X T,et al.Analysis on the variation of main chemical components of different source of Fraxinus mandschurica[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(2):234-238.
18.郭尔庆,祝凤宝,王培忠.水曲柳无性系种子园营建技术的研究[J].吉林林业科技,2001,30(6):10-12.Guo E Q,Zhu F B,Wang P Z.Establishing techniques of clonal seed orchard of Fraxinus mandshurica[J].Jilin Forestry Science and Technology,2001,30(6):10-12.
19.刘笑平.水曲柳人工造林与培育技术的研究[J].吉林林业科技,2006,35(1):35-38.Liu X P.Research on artificial forestation and cultural techniques to Fraxinus manshurica[J].Jilin Forestry Science and Technology,2006,35(1):35-38.
20.Li W,Wang X R,Li Y.Stability in and correlation between factors influencing genetic quality of seed lots in seed orchard of Pinus tabuliformis Carr.over a 12-year span[J].PLo S One,2011,6(8):e23544.
21.胡云,胡泽军,高大雄,等.马尾松半同胞家系子代林早期生长差异分析[J].福建农林大学学报:自然科学版,2012,41(4):493-497.Hu Y,Hu Z J,Gao D X,et al.Early growth analysis on half-sib progenies of Pinus massoniana[J].Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition,2012,41(4):493-497.
22.张桂芹,朱晓峰,于树成,等.水曲柳种子园半同胞子代遗传测定及优良家系选择[J].林业科技,2014,39(4):5-8.Zhang G Q,Zhu X F,Yu S C,et al.Generation of genetic determination of Fraxinus mandshurica seed orchard of half sib and superior family selection[J].Forestry Science&Technology,2014,39(4):5-8.
23.陈晓阳,沈熙环.林木育种学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.Chen X Y,Shen X H.Forest tree breeding[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2005.
24.续九如.林木数量遗传学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2006.Xu J R.Quantitative genetics in forestry[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,2006.
25.解孝满,李景涛,赵合娥.柳树无性系苗期遗传测定与选择[J].江苏林业科技,2008,35(3):6-9,14.Xie X M,Li J T,Zhao H E.Willow clonal seeding genetic determination and selection[J].Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science&Technology,2008,35(3):6-9,14.
26.朱之悌.林木遗传学基础[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.Zhu Z D.Forest tree genetics foundation[M].Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House,1990.
27.Mwase W F,Savill P S,Hemery G.Genetic parameter estimates for growth and form traits in common ash(Fraxinus excelsior L.)in a breeding seedling orchard at Little Wittenham in England[J].New Forests,2008,36(3):225-238.
28.White T L,Adams W T,Neale D B.Forest genetics[M].Wallingford:CABI Publishing,2007.
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