微山湖和阳澄湖养殖中华绒螯蟹品质比较
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摘要
探究微山湖和阳澄湖养殖中华绒螯蟹品质上的差异,从外部形态、感官评价、可食部分含量及其常规营养成分4个方面进行比较。结果显示:1)外部形态方面,阳澄湖养殖河蟹甲壳长、甲壳宽和体厚稍高于微山湖养殖河蟹,差异均不显著(P>0.05);2)感官评分方面,阳澄湖养殖河蟹在整体色泽、气味、肝胰腺和性腺组织结构紧密程度均优于微山湖养殖河蟹,但色泽和气味方面差异不显著(P>0.05),而结构紧密程度差异显著(P<0.05);3)在可食部分含量方面,阳澄湖养殖河蟹大多数指标要优于微山湖养殖河蟹,但出肉率低于微山湖养殖河蟹;4)可食部分常规营养成分方面,阳澄湖养殖河蟹肌肉和肝胰腺中蛋白质、脂肪含量均比微山湖养殖河蟹高,水分和灰分含量均比微山湖养殖河蟹低;阳澄湖养殖河蟹性腺中蛋白质含量比微山湖河蟹高,脂肪、水分和灰分含量比微山湖养殖河蟹低。结果表明:阳澄湖养殖河蟹品质总体上要优于微山湖养殖河蟹,但在出肉率方面,阳澄湖养殖河蟹要低于微山湖养殖河蟹。
In order to explore the difference in quality between the cultured Chinese mitten crab in Weishan lake and Yangcheng lake,the comparison was made from four aspects:external morphology,sensory evaluation,edible part content and its conventional nutrient composition.The results showed that:1)in terms of external morphology,the length,width and body thickness of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake were slightly higher than those of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,with no significant difference(P>0.05);2)in terms of sensory score,the overall color,smell,hepatopancreas and gonad tissue structure of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake were all superior to those of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,but the difference in color and smell was not significant(P>0.05),while the difference in structure tightness was significant(P<0.05);3)in terms of the edible part content,most indicators of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake were better than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,but the meat yield was lower than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake;4) as for the edible part of conventional nutrients,the protein and fat content in muscle and hepatopancreas of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake was higher than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,and the moisture and ash content were lower than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake.The protein content of gonad the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake was higher than that in Weishan lake,and the content of fat,water and ash was lower than that in Weishan lake.The results showed that the quality of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake was better than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake on the whole,but the meat yield was lower than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake.
In order to explore the difference in quality between the cultured Chinese mitten crab in Weishan lake and Yangcheng lake,the comparison was made from four aspects:external morphology,sensory evaluation,edible part content and its conventional nutrient composition.The results showed that:1)in terms of external morphology,the length,width and body thickness of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake were slightly higher than those of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,with no significant difference(P>0.05);2)in terms of sensory score,the overall color,smell,hepatopancreas and gonad tissue structure of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake were all superior to those of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,but the difference in color and smell was not significant(P>0.05),while the difference in structure tightness was significant(P<0.05);3)in terms of the edible part content,most indicators of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake were better than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,but the meat yield was lower than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake;4) as for the edible part of conventional nutrients,the protein and fat content in muscle and hepatopancreas of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake was higher than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake,and the moisture and ash content were lower than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake.The protein content of gonad the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake was higher than that in Weishan lake,and the content of fat,water and ash was lower than that in Weishan lake.The results showed that the quality of the cultured crabs in Yangcheng lake was better than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake on the whole,but the meat yield was lower than that of the cultured crabs in Weishan lake.
引文
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[16]张彤晴,周刚,朱清顺,等.不同增养殖水体中华绒螯蟹一般营养成份比较分析[J].水产养殖,2006,27(4):8-10
[17]秦钦,张彤晴,陈炳耀,等.不同生态环境中华绒螯蟹肉脂品质的比较[J].淡水渔业,2006,36(3):13-20
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[3]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.地理标志产品阳澄湖大闸蟹:GB/T 19957-2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005
[4]宋迁红.山东省“清洁微山湖、优质大闸蟹”正享誉全国[J].科学养鱼,2012(10):47
[5]葛永春,姜晓东,张金彪,等.3种投喂模式对中华绒螯蟹性腺发育和生化组成的影响[J].水产科学,2017,36(5):551-556
[6]王武,陈再忠,张文博.关于河蟹质量评比标准的研讨[J].水产科技情报,2006,33(2):71-72
[7]王亚会,施文正,王锡昌,等.中华绒螯蟹鲜活及死后品质评价[J].中国食品学报,2018,18(3):244-254
[8]AOAC.Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists[M].Washington:Science press,1985:11
[9]Folch J,Lees M,Sloane S G.A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1957,226(1):497-509
[10]朱清顺,柏如发.养殖中华绒鳌蟹风味品质比较研究[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(3):463-468
[11]陈蓝荪,王武,陈再忠,等.从河蟹市场分析看中华绒螯蟹养殖的发展方向[J].上海水产大学学报,2001,10(1):81-85
[12]李思发,蔡完其,邹曙明,等.阳澄湖中华绒螯蟹品质分析[J].中国水产科学,2000,7(3):71-74
[13]Shao L C,Wang C,He J,et al.Hepatopancreas and gonad quality of Chinese mitten crab fattened with natural and formulated diets[J].Journal of Food Quality,2013,36(3):217-227
[14]Wu X G,Cheng Y X,Sui L Y,et al.Biochemical composition of pondreared and lake-stocked Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis(H.Milne-Edwards)broodstock[J].Aquaculture Research,2007,38:1459-1467
[15]朱清顺,柏如发.池塘养殖的中华绒螯蟹与长江野生中华绒螯蟹生物学特性比较[J].江苏农业学报,2007,23(3):218-223
[16]张彤晴,周刚,朱清顺,等.不同增养殖水体中华绒螯蟹一般营养成份比较分析[J].水产养殖,2006,27(4):8-10
[17]秦钦,张彤晴,陈炳耀,等.不同生态环境中华绒螯蟹肉脂品质的比较[J].淡水渔业,2006,36(3):13-20