黄河下游河道治理三维数值模拟研究
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摘要
本文采用三维水沙数学模型,根据不同重现期洪水的设计水沙条件,对黄河下游花园口至艾山河段的去生产堤方案和两道防线方案进行了模拟计算。重点关注了两种治理方案下不同场次洪水的演进过程、河道冲淤、输沙特性和典型滩区的分洪退水过程,模拟结果表明:与去生产堤方案相比,两道防线方案中的洪水演进过程因防护堤的运用方式而在不同场次洪水中差异明显;同时两道防线方案可有效地保护滩区,减缓滩区大规模的淹没,发挥防灾减灾的功效;此外,从输沙能力变化和冲淤分布比较来看,两道防线方案较去生产堤方案可提高河道的输沙能力,减少河道的淤积。
This research aims to investigate the impacts of river training in the lower reach of the YellowRiver through a three-dimensional model. Four design floods with different return periods were chosen fromhistorical records as incoming hydrographs to simulate flood events in the region of Huayuankou to Aishan.Results under two training measures, i.e., the measures without production levees and the new measurewith two defence lines,were compared with each other. We analyzed the results with focus on the charac-ter of flood propagation,erosion and deposition,sediment transport,flood diversion and inundation on atypical floodplain. The results clearly revealed the training measure with two defence lines can not only pro-tect the floodplains from being inundated,but also lead to sedimentation reduction in the whole reach com-pared with the measure without production levees. It indicates that the measure with two defence lines canbenefit the prevention and reduction of flood disasters,and improve the sediment transport capacity.
This research aims to investigate the impacts of river training in the lower reach of the YellowRiver through a three-dimensional model. Four design floods with different return periods were chosen fromhistorical records as incoming hydrographs to simulate flood events in the region of Huayuankou to Aishan.Results under two training measures, i.e., the measures without production levees and the new measurewith two defence lines,were compared with each other. We analyzed the results with focus on the charac-ter of flood propagation,erosion and deposition,sediment transport,flood diversion and inundation on atypical floodplain. The results clearly revealed the training measure with two defence lines can not only pro-tect the floodplains from being inundated,but also lead to sedimentation reduction in the whole reach com-pared with the measure without production levees. It indicates that the measure with two defence lines canbenefit the prevention and reduction of flood disasters,and improve the sediment transport capacity.
引文
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[23]张红武,吕昕.弯道水力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1993.
[24]张红武,张清.黄河水流挟沙力计算公式[J].人民黄河,1992(11):7-9.
[25]张红武,江恩惠,白咏梅,等.黄河高含沙洪水模型的相似律[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1994.
[26]张红武,赵连军,王光谦,等.黄河下游河道准二维泥沙数学模型研究[J].水利学报,2003(4):1-7.
[27]李肖男,钟德钰,黄海,等.基于两相浑水模型的三维水沙数值模拟[J].中国科学:技术科学,2015,45(10):1060-1072.
[28]SONG Y,HAIDVOGEL D.A semi-implicit ocean circulation model using a generalized topography-following coordinate system[J].Journal of Computational Physics,1994,115:228-244.
[29]李炜.水力计算手册(第二版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[30]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.黄河未来水沙情势变化及水沙过程设计[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013.
[31]赵业安,周文浩,潘贤娣,等.黄河下游河道演变基本规律[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1998.
[32]张红武,黄远东,赵连军,等.黄河下游非恒定输沙数学模型-Ⅱ模型验证[J].水科学进展,2002,13(3):271-277.
[33]刘树坤,宋玉山,程晓陶,等.黄河滩区及分滞洪区风险分析和减灾对策[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999.
[34]丁大发,石春先,宋红霞,等.黄河下游防洪工程体系减灾效益计算模型研究[J].水科学进展,2002,13(4):450-455.
[35]侯德山.黄河下游游荡型河道按“两道防线”方案整治后的经济效益[R].郑州:黄河水利委员会.2009.
[36]王仲梅,仝逸峰,荆新爱.黄河下游洪灾风险的定量分析与计算[J].人民黄河,2013,35(1):14-16.
[2]李国英.治理黄河思辩与践行[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003.
[3]赵业安,潘贤娣.泥沙研究在黄河治理开发中的战略地位[C]//黄河泥沙.郑州:黄河水利出版社,1996.
[4]张红武,李振山,安催花,等.黄河下游河道与滩区治理研究的趋势与进展[J].人民黄河,2016,38(12):1-10.
[5]张红武,张俊华,姚文艺.黄河治理方略[J].泥沙研究,1999(4):1-7.
[6]张红武,张欧阳,徐向舟,等.黄土高原沟道侵蚀及坝系相对稳定原理与工程规划研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2010.
[7]张红武.黄河下游“二级悬河”成因及治理对策[C]//黄河下游“二级悬河”成因及治理措施学术研讨会论文集.郑州:黄河水利出版社,2003.
[8]张红武.未来黄河下游治理的主要对策[J].人民黄河,2004,26(11):6-11.
[9]张红武,张俊华,刘立斌,等.黄河下游河道整治模式研究[R].北京:国家自然科学基金委员会水利部黄委联合基金重点项目第四课题报告,2007.
[10]张俊华,张红武.黄河下游河道整治约束机制及调控效应[M]//黄河水科学前沿.北京:科学出版社,2009.
[11]张红武,张俊华,钟德钰,等.黄河下游游荡型河段的治理方略[J].水利学报,2011,42(1):8-13.
[12]韦直林.关于黄河下游治理方略的一点浅见[J].人民黄河,2004,26(6):17-18.
[13]牛玉国,端木礼明,耿明全,等.黄河下游滩区分区治理模式探讨[J].人民黄河,2013,35(1):7-10.
[14]王保民,张萌.黄河下游滩区不同分区治理模式辨析[J].人民黄河,2013,35(9):38-40.
[15]胡春宏,陈建国.江河水沙变化与治理的新探索[J].水利水电技术,2014,45(1):11-20.
[16]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.黄河下游河道改造与滩区治理方案研究[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013.
[17]宁远,胡春宏,王光谦,等.黄河下游河道与滩区治理考察报告[R].黄河下游河道与滩区治理考察组,2012.
[18]程晓陶,蓝虹,李娜,等.黄河下游花园口~孙口河段水沙运动仿真模型开发研究[J].水利学报,1999(7):54-60.
[19]ZHANG H W,HUANG Y D,ZHAO L J.A mathematical model for unsteady sediment transport in the Lower Yellow River[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2001,16(2):150-158.
[20]NI J R,ZHANG H W,XUE A,et al.Modeling of hyperconcentrated sediment-laden floods in lower yellow river[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2004,130(10):1025-1032.
[21]钟德钰,张红武,张俊华.游荡型河流的平面二维水沙数学模型[J].水利学报,2009,40(9):1040-1047.
[22]ZHANG Y,BAPTISTA A M.SELFE:a semi-implicit Eulerian-Lagrangian finite-element model for cross-scale ocean circulation[J].Ocean Modelling,2008,21:71-96.
[23]张红武,吕昕.弯道水力学[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1993.
[24]张红武,张清.黄河水流挟沙力计算公式[J].人民黄河,1992(11):7-9.
[25]张红武,江恩惠,白咏梅,等.黄河高含沙洪水模型的相似律[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1994.
[26]张红武,赵连军,王光谦,等.黄河下游河道准二维泥沙数学模型研究[J].水利学报,2003(4):1-7.
[27]李肖男,钟德钰,黄海,等.基于两相浑水模型的三维水沙数值模拟[J].中国科学:技术科学,2015,45(10):1060-1072.
[28]SONG Y,HAIDVOGEL D.A semi-implicit ocean circulation model using a generalized topography-following coordinate system[J].Journal of Computational Physics,1994,115:228-244.
[29]李炜.水力计算手册(第二版)[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2006.
[30]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司.黄河未来水沙情势变化及水沙过程设计[R].郑州:黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,2013.
[31]赵业安,周文浩,潘贤娣,等.黄河下游河道演变基本规律[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1998.
[32]张红武,黄远东,赵连军,等.黄河下游非恒定输沙数学模型-Ⅱ模型验证[J].水科学进展,2002,13(3):271-277.
[33]刘树坤,宋玉山,程晓陶,等.黄河滩区及分滞洪区风险分析和减灾对策[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,1999.
[34]丁大发,石春先,宋红霞,等.黄河下游防洪工程体系减灾效益计算模型研究[J].水科学进展,2002,13(4):450-455.
[35]侯德山.黄河下游游荡型河道按“两道防线”方案整治后的经济效益[R].郑州:黄河水利委员会.2009.
[36]王仲梅,仝逸峰,荆新爱.黄河下游洪灾风险的定量分析与计算[J].人民黄河,2013,35(1):14-16.