牛羊油脂对小鼠脏器组织形态学及血液指标的影响
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摘要
旨在探究制备的牛、羊油脂对小鼠血液生理指标及脏器形态的影响及牛、羊油脂的部分免疫功能,为动物性脂肪产品的开发利用奠定基础。选择30只体重28～30 g的雄性昆明小鼠,分为生理盐水组(对照组)、羊油脂组以及牛油脂组,分别灌胃生理盐水、羊尾油脂及牛肾周油脂。30天后眼球采血,测血液生理生化指标;采集心、肝、脾、胃、肾的组织样品称重,制作石蜡切片观察各脏器组织结构变化。羊油脂组的肝脏系数极显著高于生理盐水组(P<0.01),胃脏器系数显著高于生理盐水组(P<0.05),心、脾、肾脏器系数同生理盐水组无差异性(P>0.05);牛油脂组心、肝器系数极显著高于生理盐水组(P<0.01);脾、肾、胃脏器系数与生理盐水组无差异(P>0.05)。2种油脂均使小鼠血液白细胞显著增多,红细胞减少,羊油脂使血小板数目增加而牛油脂使血小板数目显著增加。在石蜡切片中观察到羊油脂组与牛油脂组心脏出现脂肪增加,少数心肌细胞发生脂肪变性,胃和肾周脂肪细胞增加,肝脏以及脾脏没有明显的变化。本试验结果表明牛、羊油脂具有一定的免疫功能。
The purposes of this study are to investigate the effects of bovine and sheep grease on the blood physiological indexes and organ morphology of mice and explore the partial immune function of bovine and sheep grease, and then lay a foundation for the development and utilization of animal fat products. Thirty male Kunming mice with body weight of 28-30 g were chosen, they were divided into control group, sheep grease group and bovine grease group, and they were given by gavage with saline, the tail oil of sheep and the lipid of bovine kidney, respectively. After 30 days, blood was taken from the eyes and the blood physiological and biochemical indexes were measured. Tissue samples of heart, liver, spleen, stomach and kidney were collected to be weighed and paraffin sections were made to observe the changes of tissue structure. The results showed that the liver coefficient of sheep grease group was significantly higher than that of the saline group(P<0.01),the coefficient of gastric organs was significantly higher than that of the saline group(P<0.05), the coefficient of heart, spleen and kidney had no difference with that of the saline group(P>0.05). The coefficients of heart and liver were significantly higher in bovine grease group than those in saline group(P<0.01), the coefficients of spleen, kidney and stomach had no difference with that of the saline group(P> 0.05). The two greases caused a significant increase of white blood cells, and decreased erythrocytes in mice. Sheep grease increased the number of platelets, while bovine grease increased the number of platelets obviously. In the paraffin section,the fat in the hearts of sheep grease group and bovine grease group increased, a few of cardiac muscle cells showed steatosis, the number of fat cells in the stomach and perirenal area increased, and there was no obvious change in the liver and spleen. The results indicate that bovine and sheep grease have a certain immune function.
The purposes of this study are to investigate the effects of bovine and sheep grease on the blood physiological indexes and organ morphology of mice and explore the partial immune function of bovine and sheep grease, and then lay a foundation for the development and utilization of animal fat products. Thirty male Kunming mice with body weight of 28-30 g were chosen, they were divided into control group, sheep grease group and bovine grease group, and they were given by gavage with saline, the tail oil of sheep and the lipid of bovine kidney, respectively. After 30 days, blood was taken from the eyes and the blood physiological and biochemical indexes were measured. Tissue samples of heart, liver, spleen, stomach and kidney were collected to be weighed and paraffin sections were made to observe the changes of tissue structure. The results showed that the liver coefficient of sheep grease group was significantly higher than that of the saline group(P<0.01),the coefficient of gastric organs was significantly higher than that of the saline group(P<0.05), the coefficient of heart, spleen and kidney had no difference with that of the saline group(P>0.05). The coefficients of heart and liver were significantly higher in bovine grease group than those in saline group(P<0.01), the coefficients of spleen, kidney and stomach had no difference with that of the saline group(P> 0.05). The two greases caused a significant increase of white blood cells, and decreased erythrocytes in mice. Sheep grease increased the number of platelets, while bovine grease increased the number of platelets obviously. In the paraffin section,the fat in the hearts of sheep grease group and bovine grease group increased, a few of cardiac muscle cells showed steatosis, the number of fat cells in the stomach and perirenal area increased, and there was no obvious change in the liver and spleen. The results indicate that bovine and sheep grease have a certain immune function.
引文
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[12陈群,魏炳栋,李林,等.日粮添加牛油对断奶仔猪生产性能和血清皮质醇的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(8):40-43.
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[15]杨立新,梁伟,许华,等.ω-3鱼油脂肪乳对ICU重症肺炎免疫炎症的影响[J].新疆医科大学学报,2017,40(10):1277-1279+1283.
[16]田茂露.口服ω-3脂肪酸对透析病人系统性炎症指标和血清白蛋白的影响[A].中国免疫学会.第十二届全国免疫学学术大会摘要汇编[C].中国免疫学会:中国免疫学会,2017:2.
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[20]库丽夏西,热依汗古丽.羊尾油在哈萨克医药中的应用[J].中国民族医药杂志,2011,17(9):87-88.
[21]中华人民共和国卫生部.新药(西药)临床前研究指导原则汇编[M].中华人民共和国卫生部药政局,1993.
[22]樊林花,李丹,樊平花,等.清洁级SD大鼠体重和主要脏器系数正常参考值研究及相关性分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2012(4):750-752.
[23]唐丽丽.高糖和高脂饮食对小鼠肥胖和内脏脂肪的影响[J].中国医学科学院学报,2014,36(6):614-619.
[24] Ronkainen J, Huusko T J, Soininen R, et al. Fat mass-and obesity-associated gene Fto affects the dietary response in mouse whiteadipose tissue[J]. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5:9233.
[25]杨凤啸.高脂饮食诱发小鼠肥胖及其对肠道菌群结构影响的研究[J].现代医院,2017,17(6):863-866.
[26]王重建,杨年红,许明佳,等.高脂饮食诱导大鼠肥胖易感性差异的研究[J].华中科技大学学报:医学版,2005,34(1):65-68.
[27]张月华.不同动物油脂对大鼠生理生化指标及血脂代谢相关因子的影响研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2013.
[28]张纾瑜,陈文成.红细胞免疫研究进展[J].右江医学,2016,44(06):718-721.
[29] Siegel I, Liu T L, Gleicher N. The red-cell immune system[J].Lancet,1981,2(8246):556-559.
[30]周旭华,郭锡熔,丁胜利,等.高脂饮食诱导下肥胖易感大鼠与肥胖抗性大鼠间部分生理学指标差异的研究[J].南京医科大学学报:自然科学版,2004,18(6):315-319.
[31]王海燕,李睿.功能性不饱和脂肪酸研究进展[J].肉类研究,2010(12):14-17.
[32] Bennett D C, Leung G, Wang E, et al. Ratite oils promotekeratinocyte cell growth and inhibit leukocyte activation[J]. PoultSci, 2015, 94(9):2288.
[33]冯春红.四种油脂组合对小鼠肝脏抗氧化能力和肾功能的影响[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.
[2] Zou C, Shao J,Zou C, et al. Role of adipocytokines in obesity-associated insulin resistance. J Nutr Biochem 19, 277-286[J].Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 2008, 19(5):277-286.
[3] Antuna-Puente B, Feve B, Fellahi S. Adipokines:the missing linkbetween insulin resistance and obesity[J].Diabetes&metabolism,2008,34(1):2-11.
[4]包音都古荣·金花.动物性油脂和植物油的安全性分析与评价[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(4):1111-1117.
[5]侯成立,周渝迪,高远,等.羊尾脂精炼工艺优化研究[J].食品科技,2017(5):111-115.
[6]黄兰岚,李娆娆,钟利群,等.气相色谱-质谱联用法分析羊脂油的脂肪酸成分[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(10):2488-2489.
[7]李桂华,王成涛,张玉杰,等.食用牛油理化特性及组成分析的研究[J].河南工业大学学报:自然科学版,2010,31(1):30-32.
[8]郑晶.马油不饱和脂肪酸提取及富集研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2014.
[9]刘一唯,杨成对,陈培榕,等.马油中游离脂肪酸分析及其主成分油酸体外淬灭单线态氧能力的研究[J].天然产物研究与开发,2008,20(1):138-141.
[10]杨凤啸.高脂饮食诱发小鼠肥胖及其对肠道菌群结构影响的研究[J].现代医院,2017,17(6):863-866.
[11]李伟.兔高脂血症与炎性反应因子的关系[J].中国神经免疫学和神经病学杂志,2017,24(2):114-117.
[12陈群,魏炳栋,李林,等.日粮添加牛油对断奶仔猪生产性能和血清皮质醇的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2016,48(8):40-43.
[13]付旭,崔前进,陈冰,杨博学,周婧,陈明康,韩雨哲.饲料脂肪水平对淡黑镊丽鱼消化酶、免疫酶以及抗氧化酶的影响[J].河北渔业,2017(12):9-13.
[14] Bernstein A M. Purified palmitoleic acid for the reduction of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and serum lipids:A double-blinded,randomized, placebo controlled study.[J].Journal of ClinicalLipidology,2014,8(6):612-617.
[15]杨立新,梁伟,许华,等.ω-3鱼油脂肪乳对ICU重症肺炎免疫炎症的影响[J].新疆医科大学学报,2017,40(10):1277-1279+1283.
[16]田茂露.口服ω-3脂肪酸对透析病人系统性炎症指标和血清白蛋白的影响[A].中国免疫学会.第十二届全国免疫学学术大会摘要汇编[C].中国免疫学会:中国免疫学会,2017:2.
[17] Philip C. Calder. Omega-3 fatty acids and inflammatory processes:From molecules to man[J]. Biochemical Society Transactions,2017,45(5):1105-1115.
[18] Ma C J, Wu J M, Tsai H L, et al. Prospective double-blindrandomized study on the efficacy and safety of an n-3 fatty acidenriched intravenous fat emulsion in postsurgical gastric andcolorectal cancer patients[J]. Nutrition Journal, 2015,14(1):1-12.
[19]国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会.中华本草,第9册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1999:8940.
[20]库丽夏西,热依汗古丽.羊尾油在哈萨克医药中的应用[J].中国民族医药杂志,2011,17(9):87-88.
[21]中华人民共和国卫生部.新药(西药)临床前研究指导原则汇编[M].中华人民共和国卫生部药政局,1993.
[22]樊林花,李丹,樊平花,等.清洁级SD大鼠体重和主要脏器系数正常参考值研究及相关性分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2012(4):750-752.
[23]唐丽丽.高糖和高脂饮食对小鼠肥胖和内脏脂肪的影响[J].中国医学科学院学报,2014,36(6):614-619.
[24] Ronkainen J, Huusko T J, Soininen R, et al. Fat mass-and obesity-associated gene Fto affects the dietary response in mouse whiteadipose tissue[J]. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5:9233.
[25]杨凤啸.高脂饮食诱发小鼠肥胖及其对肠道菌群结构影响的研究[J].现代医院,2017,17(6):863-866.
[26]王重建,杨年红,许明佳,等.高脂饮食诱导大鼠肥胖易感性差异的研究[J].华中科技大学学报:医学版,2005,34(1):65-68.
[27]张月华.不同动物油脂对大鼠生理生化指标及血脂代谢相关因子的影响研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2013.
[28]张纾瑜,陈文成.红细胞免疫研究进展[J].右江医学,2016,44(06):718-721.
[29] Siegel I, Liu T L, Gleicher N. The red-cell immune system[J].Lancet,1981,2(8246):556-559.
[30]周旭华,郭锡熔,丁胜利,等.高脂饮食诱导下肥胖易感大鼠与肥胖抗性大鼠间部分生理学指标差异的研究[J].南京医科大学学报:自然科学版,2004,18(6):315-319.
[31]王海燕,李睿.功能性不饱和脂肪酸研究进展[J].肉类研究,2010(12):14-17.
[32] Bennett D C, Leung G, Wang E, et al. Ratite oils promotekeratinocyte cell growth and inhibit leukocyte activation[J]. PoultSci, 2015, 94(9):2288.
[33]冯春红.四种油脂组合对小鼠肝脏抗氧化能力和肾功能的影响[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2015.