微博用户的中国传统节日感知及区域差异研究
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摘要
随着智能移动终端和社交网络应用的普及,越来越多的人愿意通过社交网络平台进行交流和表达自己的情感,因此产生了大量含有地理位置、文本内容等多种信息的用户生成数据,为大数据时代的城市研究及特定时空间内个体感知和行为活动研究提供新的数据源。本文基于2012-2014年约54万条微博用户数据,探测民众对包括春节、元宵节、清明节、端午节和中秋节在内的中国传统节日的情感表达和关注热点,以期发现在城市化与全球化影响下,人们对中国传统节日的认知变化和区域特征。通过Python 3.6进行词频分析及LDA主题模型分析可知:(1)春节是中国人主题感知最为强烈的节日,且多为对新年美好祝愿的表达,其次是中秋节,以回家团聚为主,另外情人节也成为一个显性的节日;(2)传统节日期间,出行方式以飞机和汽车为主,机场和高速成为与节日活动密切相关的场所;(3)共识性岁时习俗整体感知较好,但各地域特色节庆活动及饮食习俗在表现形式上有所差异,且差异在逐渐减小;(4)词频分析较好地反映了微博用户对中国传统节日的普遍感知及具有地方特色的区域差异,而LDA主题模型分析能够反映一定的传统节日主题聚类结果,但对不同节日的主题聚类效果并不十分明显。
With the development of technology and the popularity of social media in recent years,more and more people like to express their true thoughts and emotions through social media.Therefore,a large amount of data that contains a variety of information such as geographic location,text content,and emotions is being generated.It provides a new data source for urban and personal perception research in the era of big data.Based on the analysis of big data generated by Weibo users,this study uses Python to perform word frequency analysis and topic analysis on Weibo data.The purpose is to explore the emotional expressions and concerns of people on traditional Chinese festivals,including Spring Festival,Lantern Festival,Tomb-sweeping Day,Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn festival,and to find out people's perception changes and regional characteristics of Chinese traditional festivals under the influence of urbanization and globalization.Through the analysis,this study has several findings.First,people have the strongest perception of the Spring Festival.To be specific,they mostly express good wishes for the New Year,and the emotions are relatively positive.The second one is the Mid-Autumn festival,and people focus on going home to reunite with relatives.Moreover,Valentine's Day has become a more popular holiday,showing that globalization has a certain impact on traditional Chinese festivals.Second,the change of transportation has both positive and negative impacts on the quality of the festival and people's perception.During traditional festivals,the main way to travel is by air and by car.Airports and highways are places that are closely related to the festival activities.Third,people have a good perception of the traditional common customs.However,there are differences in the forms of festivals and dietary customs among different regions,and the differences are gradually decreasing.Therefore,it is of great necessity to promote the implementation of traditional Chinese festival revitalization projects,to inherit and promote the Chinese traditional festival customs.
With the development of technology and the popularity of social media in recent years,more and more people like to express their true thoughts and emotions through social media.Therefore,a large amount of data that contains a variety of information such as geographic location,text content,and emotions is being generated.It provides a new data source for urban and personal perception research in the era of big data.Based on the analysis of big data generated by Weibo users,this study uses Python to perform word frequency analysis and topic analysis on Weibo data.The purpose is to explore the emotional expressions and concerns of people on traditional Chinese festivals,including Spring Festival,Lantern Festival,Tomb-sweeping Day,Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn festival,and to find out people's perception changes and regional characteristics of Chinese traditional festivals under the influence of urbanization and globalization.Through the analysis,this study has several findings.First,people have the strongest perception of the Spring Festival.To be specific,they mostly express good wishes for the New Year,and the emotions are relatively positive.The second one is the Mid-Autumn festival,and people focus on going home to reunite with relatives.Moreover,Valentine's Day has become a more popular holiday,showing that globalization has a certain impact on traditional Chinese festivals.Second,the change of transportation has both positive and negative impacts on the quality of the festival and people's perception.During traditional festivals,the main way to travel is by air and by car.Airports and highways are places that are closely related to the festival activities.Third,people have a good perception of the traditional common customs.However,there are differences in the forms of festivals and dietary customs among different regions,and the differences are gradually decreasing.Therefore,it is of great necessity to promote the implementation of traditional Chinese festival revitalization projects,to inherit and promote the Chinese traditional festival customs.
引文
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[2]杨振山,龙瀛,Nicolas DOUAY.大数据对人文-经济地理学研究的促进与局限[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(4):410-417.[Yang Z S,Long Y,Douay N.Opportunities and limitations of big data applications to human and economic geography:The state of the art[J].Progress in Geography,2015,34(4):410-417.]
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[9]周艳,李妍羲,黄悦莹,等.基于社交媒体数据的城市人群分类与活动特征分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2017,19(9):1238-1244.[Zhou Y,Li Y X,Huang Y Y,et al.Analysis of classification methods and activity characteristics of urban population based on social media data[J].Journal of Geo-information Science,2017,19(9):1238-1244.]
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[11]甄峰,王波,陈映雪.基于网络社会空间的中国城市网络特征--以新浪微博为例[J].地理学报,2012,67(8)1031-1043.[Zhen F,Wang B,Chen Y X.China's city network characteristics based on social network space:An empirical analysis of Sina micro-blog[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2012,67(8):1031-1043.]
[12]王开泳,邓羽.基于微博数据的中原城市群空间联系强度测度[J].中国科学院大学学报,2016,33(6):775-782[Wang K Y,Deng Y.Identification of spatial connection intensity of Zhongyuan urban agglomeration based on microblogging[J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016,33(6):775-782.]
[13]徐艳.基于新浪微博视角的重庆市主城区城市网络空间分布规律研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.[Xu Y Urban cyberspace spatial distribution research about main city of Chongqing based on Sina microblog perspective[D]Chongqing:Southwest University,2014.]
[14]易峥,李继珍,冷炳荣,等.基于微博语义分析的重庆主城区风貌感知评价[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(9):1058-1066.[Yi Z,Li J Z,Leng B R,et al.Perception and evaluation of cityscape characteristics using semantic analysis on microblog in the main urban area of Chongqing Municipality[J].Progress in Geography,2017,36(9):1058-1066.]
[15]Dodds P S,Harris K D,Kloumann I M,et al.Tempora patterns of happiness and information in a global socia network:Hedonometrics and Twitter.PLoS One,2011,6(12):e26752.
[16]张淯婷,郭凯迪,万幼.面向新浪微博文本的情感度判断及其探索性空间分析[J].测绘地理信息,2018,43(1):123-127.[Zhang Y T,Guo K D,Wan Y.Sentimental judgment and exploratory spatial data analysis based on Weibo[J].Journal of Geomatics,2018,43(1):123-127.]
[17]Golder S A,Macy M W.Diurnal and seasonal mood vary with work,sleep,and daylength across diverse cultures Science,2011,333(6051):1878-1881.
[18]汪静莹,甘硕秋,赵楠,等.基于微博用户的情绪变化分析[J].中国科学院大学学报,2016,33(6):815-824.[Wang JY,Gan S Q,Zhao N,et al.Chinese mood variation analysis based on Sina Weibo[J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016,33(6):815-824.]
[19]宋蕾,张培晶.基于LDA主题建模的微博舆情分析系统研究[J].网络安全技术与应用.2014(4):5-6.[Song L,Zhang P J.System design of micro-blog public opinion based on LDA topic modeling method[J].Network Security Technology and Application,2014(4):5-6.]
[20]徐嘉成.基于k-means聚类和TF-IDF的新浪微博舆情分析[D].鞍山:辽宁科技大学,2016.[Xu J C.Analysis of Sina microblog public opinion based on K-means clustering and TF-IDF[D].Anshan:University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2016.]
[21]谢永俊,彭霞,黄舟,等.基于微博数据的北京市热点区域意象感知[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(9):1099-1110.[Xie Y J,Peng X,Huang Z,et al.Image perception of Beijing's regional hotspots based on microblog data[J].Progress in Geography,2017,36(9):1099-1110.]
[22]刘思叶,田原,冯雨宁,等.游客微博主题情感分析方法比较研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2018,54(4):687-692.[Liu S Y,Tian Y,Feng Y N,et al.A comparative study of tourists'Weibo theme emotional analysis methods[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2018,54(4):687-692.]
[23]陈瑗瑗,高勇.利用社交媒体的位置潜语义特征提取与分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2017,19(11):1405-1414.[Chen Y Y,Gao Y.Extracting and analyzing latent semantic characteristics of locations using social media data.Journal of Geo-information Science,2017,19(11):1405-1414.]
[24]王加华.传统节日的时间节点性与坐标性重建--基于社会时间视角的考察[J].文化遗产,2016(1):23-32.[Wang J H.The time node and coordinate reconstruction of traditional festivals:Based on social time perspective[J].Cultural Heritage,2016(1):23-32.]
[25]杨建设,李建国.我国民族传统节日体育文化的地理分布特征及其影响因素[J].上海体育学院学报,2007,31(1):45-51.[Yang J S,Li J G.Geographical distribution features of China's national traditional festival's sports culture and its influential factors[J].Journal of Shanghai University of Sport,2007,31(1):45-51.]
[26]张勃.当前语境下传统节日的困境与出路--兼及建构新兴节庆活动的一点思考[J].山东社会科学,2011(3):49-54.[Zhang B.The predicament and outlet of traditional festivals in the current context:Some thoughts on the construction of new festivals[J].Shandong Social Sciences,2011(3):49-54.]
[27]苗瑞丹.传统节日的文化价值与功能探究[J].中国特色社会主义研究,2016(2):67-72.[Miao Y D.Cultural value and function of traditional festivals[J].Studies on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,2016(2):67-72.]
[28]王慧.传统节日复兴问题文献综述--兼谈对新兴节庆活动的关注[J].武汉职业技术学院学报,2015(3):108-112.[Wang H,A literature review on the revival of traditional festivals[J].Journal of Wuhan Polytechnic,2015(3)108-112.]
[29]数据堂[EB/OL].http://www.datatang.com/.
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