基于差分进化算法的微震定位
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摘要
针对传统基于走时微震定位方法存在的定位精度依赖于走时精度问题,提出了改进定位目标函数的差分进化微震定位方法。基于传统微震P波走时定位方法,在定位目标函数中加入了误差加权系数,通过降低初至拾取精度低的微震信号道对定位误差的影响,减弱了初至拾取精度对微震定位的影响;利用差分进化算法,通过种群初始化、变异、交叉和选择等操作,求解改进的微震定位目标函数,实现微震定位;对模型数据和实测数据进行试处理,结果表明:改进的目标函数能明显降低误差较大分量对总误差的贡献;提出的改进定位目标函数的差分进化微震定位方法,在部分微震信号道走时拾取误差较大甚至错误的情况下,能很大程度减弱拾取误差对定位精度的影响,可以获得较好的定位结果。
Aiming at the problem that the location accuracy of conventional time-based microseismic location method depends on the accuracy of travel time, a differential evolution microseismic location method is proposed to improve the locating target function. Based on the traditional micro-seismic P-wave travel-time location method,the error weighting coefficient was added to the localization objective function, which reduced the impact of the first-time picking accuracy on the microseismic location by reducing the effect of the microseismic signal path with low initial pick-up accuracy on the locating error. The differential evolution algorithm, through population initialization, mutation, crossover, and selection operations, solves the improved micro-seismic location target function and achieves microseismic location. The model data and measured data are subjected to trial processing. The results show that the improved objective function can significantly reduce the error. The contribution of large components to the total error; the proposed differential evolution micro-seismic location method to improve the localization objective function can greatly reduce the influence of the pick-up error on the locating accuracy when the pick-up error of some microseismic signal paths is large or even wrong, get better location results.
Aiming at the problem that the location accuracy of conventional time-based microseismic location method depends on the accuracy of travel time, a differential evolution microseismic location method is proposed to improve the locating target function. Based on the traditional micro-seismic P-wave travel-time location method,the error weighting coefficient was added to the localization objective function, which reduced the impact of the first-time picking accuracy on the microseismic location by reducing the effect of the microseismic signal path with low initial pick-up accuracy on the locating error. The differential evolution algorithm, through population initialization, mutation, crossover, and selection operations, solves the improved micro-seismic location target function and achieves microseismic location. The model data and measured data are subjected to trial processing. The results show that the improved objective function can significantly reduce the error. The contribution of large components to the total error; the proposed differential evolution micro-seismic location method to improve the localization objective function can greatly reduce the influence of the pick-up error on the locating accuracy when the pick-up error of some microseismic signal paths is large or even wrong, get better location results.
引文
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[17]李超峰,虎维岳,王云宏,等.煤层顶板导水裂缝带高度综合探查技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):101-107.LI Chaofeng,HU Weiyue,WANG Yunhong,et al.Comprehensive detection technique for coal seam roof water flowing fractured zone height[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):101-107.
[18]张唤兰,朱光明,王保利.微震震源定位新方法:混合差定位法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(5):103-107.ZHANG Huanlan,ZHU Guangming,WANG Baoli.New method for microseismic source location-hybrid difference location method[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(5):103-107.
[19]李楠,王恩元,MAOCHEN G E,等.微震震源定位可靠性综合评价模型[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(11):1940-1946.LI Nan,WANG Enyuan,MAOCHEN G E,et al.A comprehensive evaluation model for microseismic source location reliability[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(11):1940-1946.
[20]王进强,姜福兴,吕文生,等.地震波传播速度原位试验及计算[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):2059-2063.WANG Jinqiang,JIANG Fuxing,LYU Wensheng,et al.Microseismic wave propagation velocity in situ experiment and calculation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(12):2059-2063.
[21]董陇军,李夕兵,唐礼忠,等.无需预先测速的微震震源定位的数学形式及震源参数确定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(10):2057-2067.DONG Longjun,LI Xibing,TANG Lizhong,et al.Mathematical fuctions and parameters for microseismic source location without pre-measuring speed[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(10):2057-2067.
[22]段建华,程建远,王云宏,等.基于STA/LTA方法的微地震事件自动识别技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(1):76-80.DUAN Jianhua,CHENG Jianyuan,WANG Yunhong,et al.Automatic identification technology of microseismic event based on STA/LTA algorithm[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(1):76-80.
[2]盛冠群,李振春,王维波,等.水力压裂微地震粒子群差分进化定位算法[J].石油学报,2014,35(6):1172-1181.SHENG Guanqun,LI Zhenchun,WANG Weibo,et al.A source location method for microseismic monitoring based on particle swarm optimization combined with differential evolution algorithm[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(6):1172-1181.
[3]朱权洁,姜福兴,王存文,等.微震波自动拾取与多通道联合定位优化[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(3):397-403.ZHU Quanjie,JIANG Fuxing,WANG Cunwen,et al.Automated microseismic event arrival picking and multi-channel recognition and location[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(3):397-403.
[4]巩思园,窦林名,马小平,等.提高煤矿微震定位精度的最优通道个数的选取[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):2017-2021.GONG Siyuan,DOU Linming,MA Xiaoping,et al.The method to identify the optimal channel numbers for increasing the location accuracy of microseismic events in coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(12):2017-2021.
[5]林峰,李庶林,薛云亮,等.基于不同初值的微震源定位方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(5):996-1002.LIN Feng,LI Shulin,XUE Yunliang,et al.Microseismic sources location methods based on different initial values[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(5):996-1002.
[6]AKAIKE H.Information theory and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle[J].2nd International Symposium Information Theory(Tsahkadsor),1971:267-281
[7]SARAGIOTIS C D.PAI-S/K:A robust automatic seismic Pphase arrival identification scheme[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2002,40(6):1395-1404.
[8]GIBBONS S J,RINGDALl F,KVAERNA T.Detection and characterization of seismic phases using continuous spectral estimation on incoherent and partially coherent arrays[J].Geophysical Journal International,2008,172(1):405-421.
[9]贾瑞生,谭云亮,孙红梅,等.低信噪比微震P波震相初至自动拾取方法[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(8):1845-1852.JIA Ruisheng,TAN Yunliang,SUN Hongmei,et al.Method of auto-matic detection on micro-seismic P-arrival time under lowsignal to noise ratio[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(8):1845-1852.
[10]张唤兰,朱光明,王云宏.基于时窗能量比和AIC的两步法微震初至自动拾取[J].物探与化探,2013,37(2):269-273.ZHANG Huanlan,ZHU Guangming,WANG Yunhong.Automatic microseismic event detection and picking method[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2013,37(2):269-273.
[11]盛冠群,李振春,王维波,等.基于小波分解与高阶统计量的微地震初至拾取方法研究[J].石油物探,2015,54(4):388-395.SHENG Guanquan,LI Zhenchun,WANG Weibo,et al.A new automatic detection method of microseismic events based on wavelet decomposition and high-order statistics[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2015,54(4):388-395.
[12]宋维琪,喻志超,杨勤勇,等.低信噪比微地震事件初至拾取方法研究[J].石油物探,2013,52(6):596-608.SONG Weiqi,YU Zhichao,YANG Qinyong,et al.The first arrival picking method of microseismic events with low S/N[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(6):596-608.
[13]陈炳瑞,冯夏庭,李庶林,等.基于粒子群算法的岩体微震源分层定位方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(4):740-749.CHEN Bingrui,FENG Xiating,LI Shulin,et al.Microseismic sources location with hierarchical strategy based on particle swarm optimization[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(4):740-749.
[14]STORN R.Designing nonstandard filters with differential evolution[J].IEEE Signal Processing Magazine,2005,2(1):103-106.
[15]STORN R.System design by constraint adaptation and differential evolution[J].IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation,1999,3(1):22-34.
[16]STORN R,PRICE K.Differential Evolution:A simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces[J].Journal of Global Optimization,1997,11(4):341-359.
[17]李超峰,虎维岳,王云宏,等.煤层顶板导水裂缝带高度综合探查技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(1):101-107.LI Chaofeng,HU Weiyue,WANG Yunhong,et al.Comprehensive detection technique for coal seam roof water flowing fractured zone height[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(1):101-107.
[18]张唤兰,朱光明,王保利.微震震源定位新方法:混合差定位法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(5):103-107.ZHANG Huanlan,ZHU Guangming,WANG Baoli.New method for microseismic source location-hybrid difference location method[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(5):103-107.
[19]李楠,王恩元,MAOCHEN G E,等.微震震源定位可靠性综合评价模型[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(11):1940-1946.LI Nan,WANG Enyuan,MAOCHEN G E,et al.A comprehensive evaluation model for microseismic source location reliability[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(11):1940-1946.
[20]王进强,姜福兴,吕文生,等.地震波传播速度原位试验及计算[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(12):2059-2063.WANG Jinqiang,JIANG Fuxing,LYU Wensheng,et al.Microseismic wave propagation velocity in situ experiment and calculation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(12):2059-2063.
[21]董陇军,李夕兵,唐礼忠,等.无需预先测速的微震震源定位的数学形式及震源参数确定[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(10):2057-2067.DONG Longjun,LI Xibing,TANG Lizhong,et al.Mathematical fuctions and parameters for microseismic source location without pre-measuring speed[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(10):2057-2067.
[22]段建华,程建远,王云宏,等.基于STA/LTA方法的微地震事件自动识别技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(1):76-80.DUAN Jianhua,CHENG Jianyuan,WANG Yunhong,et al.Automatic identification technology of microseismic event based on STA/LTA algorithm[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(1):76-80.