3种海洋硅藻藻粉吸附水中镉离子特性研究
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摘要
利用3种海洋硅藻(角毛藻、菱形藻、海链藻)干粉对水中重金属镉离子进行吸附.实验结果表明,3种海洋硅藻对Cd~(2+)的吸附容量在一定范围内均与吸附时间、Cd~(2+)初始浓度和温度3个变量分别呈正相关关系.3种硅藻干粉对Cd~(2+)的吸附均很好地符合Pseudo二级动力学模型;吸附等温数据均更符合Langmuir等温吸附;在不考虑温度对吸附焓和吸附熵影响的前提下,计算得到的3种海洋硅藻的ΔG值均小于0.以上结果表明,3种海洋硅藻对Cd~(2+)的吸附过程是一个自发进行、有化学吸附参与的以单分子层吸附为主的吸附过程.角毛藻、菱形藻和海链藻最大实验吸附容量分别为275.25、303.75和224.36 mg·g~(-1),大大高于已报道各类生物吸附剂.以吸附容量最大的菱形藻干粉为吸附剂,考察实际水体中可能存在物质对其吸附性能的影响.结果表明,菱形藻对Cd~(2+)的吸附容量随着溶液中盐(Na Cl、Ca(NO_3)_2、Mg(NO_3)_2)浓度和浊度的增加而下降,而随着腐植酸浓度的增加不断升高.最后,利用HCl对吸附Cd~(2+)后的菱形藻进行解吸附再生实验,结果表明HCl可有效解吸菱形藻上的Cd~(2+),实现Cd~(2+)的脱附回收.
Three kinds of dry marine diatom biomass(Chaetoceros,Nitzschia,Thalassiosira)were used to adsorb Cd~(2+)from water in this study.Results suggest that the adsorption capacity of each diatom biomass was positively related to the adsorption time,initial concentration of Cd~(2+)and temperature.The adsorption process of Cd~(2+)on each diatom biomass was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model.The Cd~(2+)adsorption on each diatom biomass could be better described by the Langmuir isotherm model than Freundlich model.It is assumed that the adsorption enthalpy and adsorption entropy are independent of temperature,the adsorption free energy(ΔG)of Cd~(2+)adsorption by each diatom biomass was calculated to be negative.It can be inferred from these results that the adsorption of Cd~(2+)on these three diatom biomass was a spontaneous,endothermic and monolayer adsorption process with involvement of chemical adsorption.The maximum adsorption capacities of Cd by Chaetoceros,Nitzschia,Thalassiosira in this study were 275.25,303.75 and 224.36mg·g~(-1),respectively,which were significantly higher than that of bio-adsorbents reported.Effects of possible substances in real wastewater on Cd~(2+)adsorption capacity of Nitzschia which possessed the greatest adsorption performance among three diatom species were further investigated.Results suggest that the Cd~(2+)adsorption capacity of Nitzschia decreased with salt(Na Cl,Ca(NO_3)_2,Mg(NO_3)_2)concentration and turbidity,but increased with humic acid concentration.Finally,Cd~(2+)desorbed from Nitzschia in HCl solution.And results show that HCl can effectively remove Cd~(2+)from diatom and make Cd~(2+)recoverable.
Three kinds of dry marine diatom biomass(Chaetoceros,Nitzschia,Thalassiosira)were used to adsorb Cd~(2+)from water in this study.Results suggest that the adsorption capacity of each diatom biomass was positively related to the adsorption time,initial concentration of Cd~(2+)and temperature.The adsorption process of Cd~(2+)on each diatom biomass was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model.The Cd~(2+)adsorption on each diatom biomass could be better described by the Langmuir isotherm model than Freundlich model.It is assumed that the adsorption enthalpy and adsorption entropy are independent of temperature,the adsorption free energy(ΔG)of Cd~(2+)adsorption by each diatom biomass was calculated to be negative.It can be inferred from these results that the adsorption of Cd~(2+)on these three diatom biomass was a spontaneous,endothermic and monolayer adsorption process with involvement of chemical adsorption.The maximum adsorption capacities of Cd by Chaetoceros,Nitzschia,Thalassiosira in this study were 275.25,303.75 and 224.36mg·g~(-1),respectively,which were significantly higher than that of bio-adsorbents reported.Effects of possible substances in real wastewater on Cd~(2+)adsorption capacity of Nitzschia which possessed the greatest adsorption performance among three diatom species were further investigated.Results suggest that the Cd~(2+)adsorption capacity of Nitzschia decreased with salt(Na Cl,Ca(NO_3)_2,Mg(NO_3)_2)concentration and turbidity,but increased with humic acid concentration.Finally,Cd~(2+)desorbed from Nitzschia in HCl solution.And results show that HCl can effectively remove Cd~(2+)from diatom and make Cd~(2+)recoverable.
引文
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Ibrahim W M.2011.Biosorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by red macroalgae[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,192(3):1827-1835
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Romero-Gonzalez J,Peralta-Videa J R,Rodrguez E,et al.2005.Determination of thermodynamic parameters of Cr(VI)adsorption from aqueous solution onto Agave lechuguilla biomass[J].The Journal of chemical thermodynamics,37(4):343-347
贾娜娜,方为茂,赵红卫,等.2010.谷壳对水中铜镉离子的生物吸附研究[J].四川化工,13(1):49-53
贾燕,汪洋.2007.重金属废水处理技术的概况及前景展望[J].中国西部科技,(4):10-13
金兰淑,刘洋,高湘骐,等.2012.改性油页岩灰渣对水中镉离子的吸附性能[J].环境工程学报,6(6):1941-1946
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雷超,孙小梅,余军霞,等.2008.戊二醛交联酵母菌对Zn2+,Cd2+和Hg2+的吸附行为[J].环境科学研究,21(6):206-210
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李靖.2009.非活体藻类生物吸附及海带生物吸附剂的初步研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学
刘传富,张爱萍,孙润仓,等.2007.农林废弃物用作重金属离子吸附剂的研究进展[J].林产工业,(5):35-44
刘恒博.2013.小麦秸秆生物吸附剂的制备及其对镉离子吸附的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学
刘文霞,李佳昕,王俊丽,等.2014.改性泡桐树叶吸附剂对水中铅和镉的吸附特性[J].农业环境科学学报,33(6):1226-1232
Luna A S,Costa A L H,da Costa A C A,et al.2010.Competitive biosorption of cadmium(II)and zinc(II)ions from binary systems by Sargassum filipendula[J].Bioresource Technology,101(14):5104-5111
Monteiro C M,Castro P M L,Malcata F X.2011.Capacity of simultaneous removal of zinc and cadmium from contaminated media,by two microalgae isolated from a polluted site[J].Environmental Chemistry Letters,9(4):511-517
Prasher S O,Beaugeard M,Hawari J,et al.2004.Biosorption of heavy metals by red algae(palmaria palmate)[J].Environmental Technology,25:1097-1106
Sag Y,Kutsal T.2000.Determination of the biosorption heats of heavy metal ions on Zoogloea ramigera and Rhizopus arrhizus[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,6(2):145-151
Tan I A W,Chan J C,Hameed B H,et al.2016.Adsorption behavior of cadmium ions onto phosphoric acid-impregnated microwave-induced mesoporous activated carbon[J].Journal of Water Process Engineering,14:60-70
田犀卓,金兰淑,应博,等.2015.钢渣-蒙脱石复合吸附剂对水中Cd2+的吸附去除[J].环境科学学报,35(1):207-214
王保柱,张东,石正坤,等.2012.钛硅酸钠(Na2Ti2O3Si O4·2H2O)对Cs的吸附热力学分析[J].同位素,25(1):42-46
王芳,郑瑞伦,何刃,等.2006.氯离子和乙二胺四乙酸对镉的植物有效性的影响[J].应用生态学报,17(10):1953-1957
王敏,张东,韩德昌,等.2010.新型多孔纳米钛酸锶钡的制备及其对Cd2+的吸附性能[J].硅酸盐学报,38(2):305-309
叶锦韶,伊华,彭辉,等.2001.重金属的生物吸附研究进展[J].城市环境与城市生态,14(3):30-32
曾江萍.2008.镉在膨润土中的吸附和解吸行为研究[D].成都:成都理工大学
郑晓丹.2010.变形假单胞菌吸附镉的机制及其吸附条件的研究[D].福州:福建师范大学
Cao C Y,Liang C H,Yan Y,et al.2017.Thermal activation of serpentine for adsorption of cadmium[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,329:222-229
常艳丽.2013.含镉废水处理技术研究进展[J].净水技术,32(3):1-4
Chen K,He J,Li Y,et al.2017.Removal of cadmium and lead ions from water by sulfonated magnetic nanoparticle adsorbents[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,494:307-316
丁腾达,倪婉敏,张建英.2012.硅藻重金属污染生态学研究进展[J].应用生态学报,23(3):857-866
葛秋利,曹春艳.2015.含镉废水处理方法研究进展[J].科研,(30):227-227
Guo J,Annett A L,Taylor R L,et al.2011.Copper-uptake kinetics of coastal and oceanic diatom[J].Journal of Phycology,46(6):1218-1228
Gupta V K,Rastogi A.2008.Equilibrium and kinetic modelling of cadmium(II)biosorption by nonliving algal biomass Oedogonium sp.from aqueous phase[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,153(1):759-766
何慧军,杨春平,罗胜联,等.2012.改性污泥活性炭对水中镉离子的吸附性能[J].环境工程学报,6(11):4034-4040
He J,Chen J P.2014.A comprehensive review on biosorption of heavy metals by algal biomass:materials,performances,chemistry,and modeling simulation tools[J].Bioresource Technology,160(6):67-78
Ibrahim W M.2011.Biosorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by red macroalgae[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,192(3):1827-1835
6)Ilhami Tüzün I,Bayramo gˇlu G,Yal9n E,et al.2005.Equilibrium and kinetic studies on biosorption of Hg(II),Cd(II)and Pb(II)ions onto microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii[J].Journal of Environmental Management,77(2):85-92
Romero-Gonzalez J,Peralta-Videa J R,Rodrguez E,et al.2005.Determination of thermodynamic parameters of Cr(VI)adsorption from aqueous solution onto Agave lechuguilla biomass[J].The Journal of chemical thermodynamics,37(4):343-347
贾娜娜,方为茂,赵红卫,等.2010.谷壳对水中铜镉离子的生物吸附研究[J].四川化工,13(1):49-53
贾燕,汪洋.2007.重金属废水处理技术的概况及前景展望[J].中国西部科技,(4):10-13
金兰淑,刘洋,高湘骐,等.2012.改性油页岩灰渣对水中镉离子的吸附性能[J].环境工程学报,6(6):1941-1946
Klimmek S,Stan H J,Wilke A,et al.2001.Comparative analysis of the biosorption of cadmium,lead,nickel,and zinc by algae[J].Environmental Science&Technology,35(21):4283-4288
Kumar K S,Dahms H U,Won E J,et al.2015.Microalgae-A promising tool for heavy metal remediation[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,113:329-352
雷超,孙小梅,余军霞,等.2008.戊二醛交联酵母菌对Zn2+,Cd2+和Hg2+的吸附行为[J].环境科学研究,21(6):206-210
李兵,薛建明,许月阳,等.2014.SO2在活性炭上的吸附平衡、动力学及热力学研究[J].煤炭学报,39(10):2100-2106
李靖.2009.非活体藻类生物吸附及海带生物吸附剂的初步研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学
刘传富,张爱萍,孙润仓,等.2007.农林废弃物用作重金属离子吸附剂的研究进展[J].林产工业,(5):35-44
刘恒博.2013.小麦秸秆生物吸附剂的制备及其对镉离子吸附的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学
刘文霞,李佳昕,王俊丽,等.2014.改性泡桐树叶吸附剂对水中铅和镉的吸附特性[J].农业环境科学学报,33(6):1226-1232
Luna A S,Costa A L H,da Costa A C A,et al.2010.Competitive biosorption of cadmium(II)and zinc(II)ions from binary systems by Sargassum filipendula[J].Bioresource Technology,101(14):5104-5111
Monteiro C M,Castro P M L,Malcata F X.2011.Capacity of simultaneous removal of zinc and cadmium from contaminated media,by two microalgae isolated from a polluted site[J].Environmental Chemistry Letters,9(4):511-517
Prasher S O,Beaugeard M,Hawari J,et al.2004.Biosorption of heavy metals by red algae(palmaria palmate)[J].Environmental Technology,25:1097-1106
Sag Y,Kutsal T.2000.Determination of the biosorption heats of heavy metal ions on Zoogloea ramigera and Rhizopus arrhizus[J].Biochemical Engineering Journal,6(2):145-151
Tan I A W,Chan J C,Hameed B H,et al.2016.Adsorption behavior of cadmium ions onto phosphoric acid-impregnated microwave-induced mesoporous activated carbon[J].Journal of Water Process Engineering,14:60-70
田犀卓,金兰淑,应博,等.2015.钢渣-蒙脱石复合吸附剂对水中Cd2+的吸附去除[J].环境科学学报,35(1):207-214
王保柱,张东,石正坤,等.2012.钛硅酸钠(Na2Ti2O3Si O4·2H2O)对Cs的吸附热力学分析[J].同位素,25(1):42-46
王芳,郑瑞伦,何刃,等.2006.氯离子和乙二胺四乙酸对镉的植物有效性的影响[J].应用生态学报,17(10):1953-1957
王敏,张东,韩德昌,等.2010.新型多孔纳米钛酸锶钡的制备及其对Cd2+的吸附性能[J].硅酸盐学报,38(2):305-309
叶锦韶,伊华,彭辉,等.2001.重金属的生物吸附研究进展[J].城市环境与城市生态,14(3):30-32
曾江萍.2008.镉在膨润土中的吸附和解吸行为研究[D].成都:成都理工大学
郑晓丹.2010.变形假单胞菌吸附镉的机制及其吸附条件的研究[D].福州:福建师范大学