固定化小球藻对海水养殖废水氮磷的处理
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摘要
本研究利用海藻酸钠(SA)作为载体、以氯化钙(CaCl_2)为交联剂,探究小球藻最佳固定化条件及其对海水养殖废水氨氮和磷酸盐的处理效果.通过对比不同浓度SA和Ca Cl_2对小球藻生长的影响及不同固定化条件的藻球对氨氮、磷酸盐处理效果,确定最佳固定化条件为2.0%SA和2.0%CaCl_2.对比固定化藻球和悬浮小球藻对模拟海水养殖废水氨氮、磷酸盐去除效果,结果表明固定化藻球比悬浮藻液对氮、磷处理效果更好.其中低接种率(1:10)固定化藻球的最大氨氮、磷酸盐去除率分别为63.26%和62.76%.固定化小球藻浓度越高,其净化能力越强,高接种率(1:1)固定化藻球的最大氨氮、磷酸盐去除率分别是85.16%和75.94%.连续流运行下固定化藻球对海水养殖废水氨氮、磷酸盐的平均去除率分别为84.49%和72.17%.小球藻固定化态保留并延长了悬浮态生长活性,提高了对海水养殖废水脱氮除磷效果.
In this study, sodium alginate(SA) was used as a carrier, calcium chloride(CaCl_2) was used as cross-linker to investigate the optimal conditions of immobilized chlorella and its treatment effect on ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in marine aquaculture wastewater. By comparing the effects of different concentrations of SA and Ca Cl_2 on the growth of Chlorella, and the effects of different immobilization conditions on the treatment of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate, the optimum immobilization conditions were 2% SA and 2% CaCl_2. The effect of immobilized and suspended Chlorella on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in simulated seawater aquaculture wastewater was compared. The results showed that the immobilized algae balls had better removal efficiency on nitrogen and phosphorus than the suspended algae. The maximum ammonia nitrogen and phosphate removal rates of immobilized algae balls at low inoculation rate(1:10) were 63.26% and 62.76%, respectively. The higher concentration of immobilized Chlorella, the stronger its purification ability. The maximum nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates of immobilized algal balls were 85.16% and 75.94% respectively according to the high inoculation rate(1:1). The average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate under continuous flow operation were 84.49% and 72.17%, respectively. The immobilized state of Chlorella retained and extended the suspended growth activity, and enhanced the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from seawater aquaculture wastewater.
In this study, sodium alginate(SA) was used as a carrier, calcium chloride(CaCl_2) was used as cross-linker to investigate the optimal conditions of immobilized chlorella and its treatment effect on ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in marine aquaculture wastewater. By comparing the effects of different concentrations of SA and Ca Cl_2 on the growth of Chlorella, and the effects of different immobilization conditions on the treatment of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate, the optimum immobilization conditions were 2% SA and 2% CaCl_2. The effect of immobilized and suspended Chlorella on nitrogen and phosphorus removal in simulated seawater aquaculture wastewater was compared. The results showed that the immobilized algae balls had better removal efficiency on nitrogen and phosphorus than the suspended algae. The maximum ammonia nitrogen and phosphate removal rates of immobilized algae balls at low inoculation rate(1:10) were 63.26% and 62.76%, respectively. The higher concentration of immobilized Chlorella, the stronger its purification ability. The maximum nitrogen and phosphorus removal rates of immobilized algal balls were 85.16% and 75.94% respectively according to the high inoculation rate(1:1). The average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate under continuous flow operation were 84.49% and 72.17%, respectively. The immobilized state of Chlorella retained and extended the suspended growth activity, and enhanced the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from seawater aquaculture wastewater.
引文
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[2]单宝田,王修林,赵中华,等.海水工厂化养殖废水处理技术进展[J].海洋科学,2002,26(10):36-38.Shan Bao-tian,Wang Xiu-lin,Zhao Zhong-hua,et al.Advances in research of wastewater treatment technology of marine aquaculture plant[J].Marine Sciences,2002,26(10):36-38.
[3]卢立泉,邱立平,刘盼盼,等.接种BAF处理海水养殖废水低温启动及微生物特性[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(7):2574-2582.Lu Li-quan,Qiu Li-ping,Liu Pan-pan,et al.Low temperature start-up characteristics and microbial population of BAFs for marine aquaculture wastewater treatment inoculated with two kinds of sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(7):2574-2582.
[4]王芳,李之鹏,徐仲,等.AF-MBR处理海水养殖废水性能及膜污染特性[J].中国环境科学,2018,38(5):1760-1766.Wang Fang,Li Zhi-peng,Xu Zhong,et al.Studies on the nitrogen removal performance and membrane fouling characteristics of AF-MBR for mariculture wastewater treatment[J].China Environmental Science,2018,38(5):1760-1766.
[5]Chin,K K,Ong,S L,Foo,S C.water treatment and recycling system for intensive fish farming[J].Water Science&Technology,1993,27(1):141-148.
[6]李辉华,谭洪新,罗国芝,等.固定化微生物技术及其在闭合循环养殖系统水处理中的应用[J].水产科技情报,2001,28(2):51-54.Li Hui-hua,Tan Hong-xin,Luo Guo-zhi,et al.Application of immobilized microbial technique in water treatment of closed recirculating aquacultural system[J].Fisheries Science&Technology Information,2001,28(2):51-54.
[7]Abdel-Raouf N,Al-Homaidan A A,Ibraheem IBM.Microalgae and wastewater treatment[J].Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,2012,19:257-275.
[8]Whitton R,Ometto F,Pidou M,et al.Microalgae for municipal wastewater nutrient remediation:mechanisms,reactors and outlook for tertiary treatment[J].Environmental Technology Reviews,2015,4(1):133-148.
[9]Shi J,Podola B,Melkonian M.Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater using microalgae immobilized on twin layers:an experimental study[J].Journal of Applied Phycology,2007,19:417-423.
[10]Asian S,Kapdan I K.Batch kinetics of nitrogen and phosphorus removal from synthetic wastewater by algae[J].Ecological Engineering,2006,28(1):64-70.
[11]王新,挛培军,巩宗强.固定化细胞技术的研究与进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2001,20(2):120-122.Wang Xin,Li Pei-jun,Gong Zong-qiang,et al.Development of the immobilized cell technology[J].Journal of Agricultural Environmental Science,2001,20(2):120-122.
[12]Moreno-Garrido I.Microalgae immobilization:current techniques and uses[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(10):3949-3964.
[13]杨海波,张欣华,刘卫东.藻类固定化研究进展[J].大连大学学报,2002,23(6):17-21.Yang Hai-bo,Zhang xin-hua,Liu Wei-dong.Advances in algae immobilization[J].Journal of dalian university,2002,23(6):17-21.
[14]李川,薛建辉,赵蓉,等.4种固定化藻类对污水中氮的净化能力研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(12):2185-2188.Li Chuan,Xue Jian-hui,Zhao rong et al.Nitrogen removal from wastewater by four species of immobilized algae[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2009,3(12):2185-2188.
[15]饶应福,夏四清,姜剑.固定化微生物技术在环境治理中的应用[J].能源环境保护,2005,19(2):24-26.Rao Ying-fu,Xia Si-qing,Jiang Jian.Applications of immobilized microbes technology in environment control[J].Energy and environment protection,2005,19(2):24-26.
[16]Yadavalli R,Heggers G R.Two stage treatment of dairy effluent using immobilized Chlorella pyrenoidosa[J].Journal of Environmental Health Science&Engineering,2013,11(1):1-6.
[17]Mujtaba G,Lee K.Treatment of real wastewater using co-culture of immobilized Chlorella vulgaris,and suspended activated sludge[J].Water Research,2017,120:174-184.
[18]Tam N F,Wong Y S.Effect of immobilized microalgal bead concentrations on wastewater nutrient removal[J].Environmental Pollution,2000,107(1):145-151.
[19]Liu K,Li J,Qiao H,et al.Immobilization of Chlorella sorokiniana GXNN 01in alginate for removal of N and P from synthetic wastewater[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,114(3):26-32.
[20]国家环境保护总局.《水和废水监测分析方法》[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:279-281.State Environmental Protection Administration.Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis method[M].4th Edition.Beijing:China Environmental Science Publishing House,2002:279-281.
[21]GB 17378.4-2007《海洋检测规范(第4部分:海水分析)》[S].GB 17378.4-2007 Code for ocean detection(Part 4:Seawater analysis)[S].