考虑制造成形质量的保险杠系统多目标优化设计
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摘要
针对保险杠系统设计制造质量-成本与耐撞性的要求,文中提出了一种考虑制造成形质量的保险杠系统多目标优化设计方法。该方法首先建立了以拉裂和起皱程度为制造成形质量评价准则的保险杠系统主要吸能部件的冲压成形模型,以及以吸能、受力和侵入量为耐撞性评价准则的保险杠系统正面碰撞模型。将防撞梁和吸能盒的壁厚作为连续型设计变量,材料型号的选择作为离散型设计变量,结合质量和成本要求建立了多目标优化设计函数关系。然后通过径向基函数构建代理模型,并采用微型多目标遗传算法求得Pareto最优解集,再由TOPSIS决策方法从该解集中选取最优设计方案。最后对某保险杠系统进行多目标优化设计,结果验证了该方法的有效性。
To meet the requirements of design and manufacture forming quality, cost and crashworthiness of bumper system, a multi-objective optimization design method for bumper system was proposed. Firstly, the stamping numerical model of main energy absorption components of the bumper system with evaluation criteria of manufacture forming quality based on cracking and wrinkling level, and the frontal impact numerical model with evaluation criteria of crashworthiness based on energy absorption, force and amount of intrusion were established. Secondly, the multi-objective optimization problems combined with requirements of mass and cost and set wall thickness of the anti-collision beam and crash box as continuous design variables, the selection of materials as discrete design variables were described. Thirdly, radial basis functions were used to construct the surrogate models, micro multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to acquire the Pareto optimal set and the TOPSIS method was adopted to choose the optimal design from the obtained set. The effectiveness of the suggested method was validated via application in a multi-objective optimization design of a bumper system.
To meet the requirements of design and manufacture forming quality, cost and crashworthiness of bumper system, a multi-objective optimization design method for bumper system was proposed. Firstly, the stamping numerical model of main energy absorption components of the bumper system with evaluation criteria of manufacture forming quality based on cracking and wrinkling level, and the frontal impact numerical model with evaluation criteria of crashworthiness based on energy absorption, force and amount of intrusion were established. Secondly, the multi-objective optimization problems combined with requirements of mass and cost and set wall thickness of the anti-collision beam and crash box as continuous design variables, the selection of materials as discrete design variables were described. Thirdly, radial basis functions were used to construct the surrogate models, micro multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to acquire the Pareto optimal set and the TOPSIS method was adopted to choose the optimal design from the obtained set. The effectiveness of the suggested method was validated via application in a multi-objective optimization design of a bumper system.
引文
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[3]徐中明,徐小飞,万鑫铭,等.铝合金保险杠防撞梁结构优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(8):136-142.
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[13]AISI.Steel bumper systems for passenger cars and light trucks[R].Southfield:American Iron and Steel Institute,2006.
[14]李继川,程秀生.汽车前部保险杠的耐撞性及结构优化方法[J].汽车工程,2008,30(11):984-986.
[15]李洲,杨旭静.网格变量映射方法在有限元分析中的应用[J].汽车工程,2012,34(11):1049-1053.
[16]Future Generation Passenger Compartment(FGPC)Validation Report,Final Report[R].Southfield:Auto/Steel Partnership,2010.
[17]刘士士,谷正气,伍文广,等.基于响应面方法的车辆多目标协同优化[J].中南大学学报,2012,43(7):2586-2592.
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[20]Liu G P,Han X,Jiang C.An efficient multiobjective optimization approach based on the micro genetic algorithm and its application[J].International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design,2006,8(1):37-49.
[21]Manshadi B D,Mahmudi H,Abedian A,et al.A novel method for materials selection in mechanical design:Combination of non-linear normalization and a modified digital logic method[J].Materials Design,2007,28:8-15.
[22]Hwang L C,Yoon K.Multiple attribute decision making:method and applications[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1981.
[2]王元博,夏勇,景谊明,等.考虑行人腿部保护和低速碰撞特性的保险杠系统概念设计[J].汽车工程,2009,31(12):1111-1115.
[3]徐中明,徐小飞,万鑫铭,等.铝合金保险杠防撞梁结构优化设计[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(8):136-142.
[4]Marzbanrad J,Alijanpour M,Kiasat M S.Design and analysis of an automotive bumper beam in low-speed frontal crashes[J].Thin-Walled Struct ures,2009,47(8):902-911.
[5]Hambali A,Sapuan S,Ismail N,et al.Application of analytical hierarchy process in the design concept selection of automotive composite bumper beam during the conceptual design stage[J].Scientific Research and Essay,2009(4):198-211.
[6]Huthwaite B.Manufacturing competitiveness and quality by design[C]//4th International Conference Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly.Stockholm,1989.
[7]曹立波,陈杰,欧阳志高,等.基于碰撞安全性的保险杠横梁轻量化设计与优化[J].中国机械工程,2012,23:2888-2893.
[8]Ashby M F.Materials selection in mechanical design[M].Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann,2005.
[9]Mc Dowell D L,Choi H J,Panchal J H,et al.Plasticity-related microstructure-property relations for materials design[J].Key Engineering Material,2007,340-341:21-30.
[10]孙光永,李光耀,陈涛,等.多目标粒子群优化算法在薄板冲压成形中的应用[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(5):153-159.
[11]孙光永,李光耀,张勇,等.基于有限元的板料拉延成形质量评价准则及工艺参数优化研究[J].固体力学学报,2009,30(1):70-78.
[12]Naceur H,Delamezierec A,Batoz J,et al.Some improvements on the optimum process design in deep drawing using the inverse approach[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2004,146(2):250-262.
[13]AISI.Steel bumper systems for passenger cars and light trucks[R].Southfield:American Iron and Steel Institute,2006.
[14]李继川,程秀生.汽车前部保险杠的耐撞性及结构优化方法[J].汽车工程,2008,30(11):984-986.
[15]李洲,杨旭静.网格变量映射方法在有限元分析中的应用[J].汽车工程,2012,34(11):1049-1053.
[16]Future Generation Passenger Compartment(FGPC)Validation Report,Final Report[R].Southfield:Auto/Steel Partnership,2010.
[17]刘士士,谷正气,伍文广,等.基于响应面方法的车辆多目标协同优化[J].中南大学学报,2012,43(7):2586-2592.
[18]Hardy R L.Multiquadratic equations of topography and other irregular surfaces[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1971,76:1905-1915.
[19]Morris M D,Mitchell T J.Exploratory designs for computational experiments[J].Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference,1995,43(3):381-402
[20]Liu G P,Han X,Jiang C.An efficient multiobjective optimization approach based on the micro genetic algorithm and its application[J].International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design,2006,8(1):37-49.
[21]Manshadi B D,Mahmudi H,Abedian A,et al.A novel method for materials selection in mechanical design:Combination of non-linear normalization and a modified digital logic method[J].Materials Design,2007,28:8-15.
[22]Hwang L C,Yoon K.Multiple attribute decision making:method and applications[M].New York:Springer-Verlag,1981.