沁河山西段大型底栖动物多样性及水质生物评价
|
摘要
2017年5月、7月和10月,在沁河山西段进行大型底栖动物的调查,并采用8个生物指数进行水质评价,分析不同生物指数评价结果与理化因子评价水质类型的差异性。结果表明:(1)共鉴定出大型底栖动物38种,分属4门7纲17目31科。其中,昆虫纲相对密度占比最大,双壳纲相对生物量占比最大;(2)不同月份优势种组成中,5月纹石蚕、红斑蜉分布较广,7月、10月在沁水县上游河段优势种主要以中华锯齿米虾为主,下游河段主要以河蚬为优势种;(3)沁源县、支流端氏河、丹河采样河段的大型底栖动物密度、生物量较低,安泽县、沁水县、阳城县河段大型底栖动物密度、生物量较高;5月份底栖动物密度、生物量、多样性均高于7月和10月;(4)不同月份ShannonWiener指数和Margalef指数均值为1.0～2.0,按照生物多样性评价标准,沁河山西段大型底栖动物多样性一般;(5)各采样河段3个月份水质类别为Ⅰ～Ⅲ类,地表水水质类别以及生物指数评价结果均显示沁河山西段5月份水环境好于其余两个月,沁水县以上河段以及丹河采样河段水环境较好于其余河段。受采样河段与水环境监测站在时间和位置的差异、物种耐污值的选择以及采样生境等的影响,除Margalef指数外,其余生物指数评价结果准确度均低于50%。
In May,July and October 2017,three investigations of macroinvertebrate communities were carried out in Qin River of Shanxi and the water quality was assessed by using of 8biological indices.The results showed that:(1)A total of 38 species of macrobenthos were identified,belongs to 4phylum,7classes,17 orders and 31 families.The relative density of Insecta and the relative biomass of bivalvia accounted for the largest proportion.(2)The predominant species in May were composed of Hydropsyche sp.and Ephemera rufamaculata;however,in July and October,Neocaridina denticulate sinensis was the primary species in the upstream of Qinshui county and Corbicula fluminea is the dominant species in the downstream;(3)The density and biomass showed a spatial difference,with a lower value in Qinyuan county and the branch river(Duanshi River and Dan River),but higher in Anze,Qinshui and Yangcheng counties;(4)The Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index in different mouths ranged from 1.0to 2.0,indicated that the species diversity were general.(5)According to the results of water quality class and bio-assessment,the water quality category of all sampling sites wasⅠ～Ⅲin the three months.The water environment in May was better than in July and October,and the upper reaches of Qinshui County and the sampling reach of Dan River were better than the other sections.The accuracy of biological indices assessment were less than 50%except Margalef index influenced by the difference of sampling time,location between sampling sites and the water environment monitoring stations,identification of species tolerance value and the sampling habitat,etc.
In May,July and October 2017,three investigations of macroinvertebrate communities were carried out in Qin River of Shanxi and the water quality was assessed by using of 8biological indices.The results showed that:(1)A total of 38 species of macrobenthos were identified,belongs to 4phylum,7classes,17 orders and 31 families.The relative density of Insecta and the relative biomass of bivalvia accounted for the largest proportion.(2)The predominant species in May were composed of Hydropsyche sp.and Ephemera rufamaculata;however,in July and October,Neocaridina denticulate sinensis was the primary species in the upstream of Qinshui county and Corbicula fluminea is the dominant species in the downstream;(3)The density and biomass showed a spatial difference,with a lower value in Qinyuan county and the branch river(Duanshi River and Dan River),but higher in Anze,Qinshui and Yangcheng counties;(4)The Shannon-Wiener index,Margalef index in different mouths ranged from 1.0to 2.0,indicated that the species diversity were general.(5)According to the results of water quality class and bio-assessment,the water quality category of all sampling sites wasⅠ～Ⅲin the three months.The water environment in May was better than in July and October,and the upper reaches of Qinshui County and the sampling reach of Dan River were better than the other sections.The accuracy of biological indices assessment were less than 50%except Margalef index influenced by the difference of sampling time,location between sampling sites and the water environment monitoring stations,identification of species tolerance value and the sampling habitat,etc.
引文
[1]朱小龙,谷娇,靳辉,等.太湖河蚬(Corbicula fluminea)对富营养水体水质的改善作用[J].湖泊科学,2015(3):486-492.DOI:10.18307/2015.0316.Zhu X L,Gu J,Jin H,et al.Effects of Corbicula Fluminea in Lake Taihu on Improvement of Eutrophic Water Quality[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2015(3):486-492.DOI:10.18307/2015.0316.
[2] Sponseller R A,Benfield E F,Valett H M.Relationships Between Land Use,Spatial Scale and Stream Macroinvertebrate Communities[J].Freshwater Biology,2001,46(10):1409-1424.DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00758.x.
[3] Gnohossou P,LalèyèP,Atachi P,et al.Elaboration of a Biotic Index of Pollution Using Macroinvertebrates for the Monitoring of Lake Nokouéin Benin[J].International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences,2015,9(6):2987-2917.
[4] Shannon C E,Weaver W.The Mathematical Theory of Communication[J].Bell Labs Technical Journal,1950,3(9):31-32.DOI:10.1063/1.3067010.
[5] Simpson E H.Measurement of Diversity[J].Journal of Cardiothoracic&Vascular Anesthesia,1997,11(6):812.DOI:10.1136/thx.27.2.261.
[6] Hilsenhoff W L.Rapid Field Assessment of Organic Pollution with a Family-Level Biotic Index[J].Journal of the North American Benthological Society,1988,7(1):65-68.DOI:10.2307/1467832.
[7] Camargo J A.Macrobenthic Surveys as a Valuable Tool for Assessing Freshwater Quality in the Iberian Peninsula[J].Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,1993,24(1):71-90.DOI:10.1007/BF00568800.
[8] Roche K F,Queiroz E P,Righi K O,et al.Use of The BMWP and ASPT Indexes for Monitoring Environmental Quality in A Neotropical Stream[J].Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia,2010,22(1):105-108.DOI:10.4322/actalb.02201010.
[9] Varnosfaderany M N,Ebrahimi E,Mirghaffary N,et al.Biological Assessment of the Zayandeh Rud River,Iran,Using Benthic Macroinvertebrates[J].Limnologica,2010,40(3):226-232.DOI:10.1016/j.limno.2009.10.002.
[10] Damanik-Ambarita M N,Lock K,Boets P,et al.Ecological Water Quality Analysis of The Guayas River Basin(Ecuador)Based on Macroinvertebrates Indices[J].Limnologica,2016,57:27-59.DOI:10.1016/j.limno.2016.01.001.
[11]刘玉,Vermaat J E,Ruyter E D De,等.ISO-BMWP底栖动物监测法在中国河流有机污染评价中的修正及应用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(4):102-105.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0529-6579.2004.04.026.Liu Y,Vermaat J E,Ruyter E D De,et al.Modification and Application of Biomonitoring ISO-BMWP Method of Macrofauna in River Pollution Evaluation in China[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2004,43(4):102-105.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0529-6579.2004.04.026.
[12]赵瑞,高欣,丁森,等.辽河流域大型底栖动物耐污值[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4797-4809.DOI:10.5846/stxb201311082699.Zhao Y,Gao X,Ding S,et al.Tolerance Values of Macroinvertebrate Taxa in Liao River Basin[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(14):4797-4809.DOI:10.5846/stxb201311082699.
[13]王备新,杨莲芳.我国东部底栖无脊椎动物主要分类单元耐污值[J].生态学报,2004,24(12):2768-2775.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2004.12.014.Wang B X,Yang L F.A Study on Tolerance Values of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Taxa in Eastern China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(12):2768-2775.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2004.12.014.
[14]王军,周琼,谢从新,等.新疆额尔齐斯河大型底栖动物的群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(9):2420-2428.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2014.0157.Wang J,Zhou Q,Xie C X,et al.The Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Biological Assessment of Water Quality in The Irtysh River Of Xinjiang[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014,33(9):2420-2428.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2014.0157.
[15] Xu M,Wang Z,Duan X,et al.Effects of Pollution on Macroinvertebrates and Water Quality Bio-Assessment[J].Hydrobiologia,2014,729(1):247-259.DOI:10.1007/s10750-013-1504-y.
[16]李艳利,李艳粉,徐宗学.影响浑太河流域大型底栖动物群落结构的环境因子分析[J].环境科学,2015(1):94-106.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.01.013.Li Y L,Li Y F,Xu Z X.Effect of Environmental Factors on Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in the Huntai River Basin in the Huntai River Basin[J].Environmental Science,2015(1):94-106.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.01.013
[17]李晓晓,杨薇,孙涛,等.黄河故道尾闾湿地大型底栖动物群落对生态补水的响应研究[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2018,54(1):64-72.DOI:10.16360/j.cnki.jbnuns.2018.01.009.Li X X,Yang W,Sun T,et al.Ecological Responses of Macrobenthic Community to Freshwater Replenishment in the Tail Wetland of Old Yellow River[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2018,54(1):64-72.DOI:10.16360/j.cnki.jbnuns.2018.01.009.
[18]李英明,潘军峰.山西河流[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:279-355.Li Y M,Pan J F.The Rivers of Shanxi Proivince[M].Beijing:Science Press.2004:279-355.
[19]周长发,苏翠荣,归鸿.中国蜉蝣概述[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.Zhou C F,Su C R,Gui H.Outline of Chinese Mayflies[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015.
[20]辽宁省水利厅.大伙房水库主要水生动植物图鉴[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2012.Liaoning Provincial Department of Water Resource.Atlas of Aquatic Animals and Plants in Dahuofang Reservoir[M].Shenyang:Liaoning Science and Technology Press,2012.
[21]段学花,王兆印,徐梦珍.底栖动物与河流生态评价[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.Duan X H,Wang Z Y,Xu M Z.Benthic Mcroinvertebrate and Application in the Assessment of Stream Ecology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press.2010.
[22] Pinkas,Oliphant M S,Iverson I L K.Food Habits of Albacore,Bluefin Tuna and Bonito in Californian Waters[J].California Department of Fish and Game:Fish Bulletin,1971,152:1-105.
[23] Goodnight C J,Whitley L S.Oligochaetes as Indicators of Pollution[J].Water&Sewage Works,1960,107:311.
[24]黄旭蕾,李天宏,蒋晓辉.基于大型底栖无脊椎动物指数的黄河水质评价研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(3):553-561.DOI:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.070.Huang X L,Li T H,Jiang X H.Assessing Water Quality of the Yellow River with Benthic Macro-invertebrate Indices[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2015,51(3):553-561.DOI:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.070.
[25] Armitage P D,Moss D,Wright J F,et al.The Performance of a New Biological Water Quality Score System Based on Macroinvertebrates Over a Wide Range of Unpolluted Running-Water Sites[J].Water Research,1983,17(3):333-347.DOI:10.1016/0043-1354(83)90188-4.
[26]傅鹏.山西沁河干流重金属污染现状研究[D].太原:山西大学,2012:12-26.Fu P.Heavy Metal Pollution in the Qin River[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi University,2012:12-26.
[27]段学花,王兆印,程东升.典型河床底质组成中底栖动物群落及多样性[J].生态学报,2007,27(4):1664-1672.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.04.047.Duan X H,Wang Z Y,Cheng D S.Benthic Macroinvertebrates Communities and Biodiversity in Various Stream Substrata[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(4):1664-1672.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.04.047.
[28]王硕,林育青,陈求稳,等.漓江大型底栖动物群落时空分布及水质生物评价[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1207-1213.DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0342.Wang S,Lin Y Q,Cheng Q W,et al.The Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Macroinvertebrates Community and Water Quality Bioassessment in Lijiang River[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(3):1207-1213.DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0342.
[29]张蕾,于海燕,黄旻,等.浦阳江底栖动物群落特征与水质生物评价[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(1):155-161.DOI:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.03041.Zhang L,Yu H Y,Huang M,et al.Characteristics of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community and Bioassessment of Water Quality in the Puyang River[J].Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology,2018,24(1):155-161.DOI:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.03041.
[30]丁建华,周立志,邓道贵.淮河干流大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(11):1875-1883.DOI:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201711016.Ding J H,Zhou L Z,Deng D G.Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Biological Evaluation of Water Quality in the Mainstream of Huai River[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(11):1875-1883.DOI:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj 201711016.
[31]韩托,王茜,王兰.山西沁河流域溪蟹生态调查及河流污染现状[J].四川动物,2008,27(5):804-806.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2008.05.028.Han T,Wang Q,Wang L.Ecological Investigation of Freshwater Crab and River Pollution in Basin of Qinhe River[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2008,27(5):804-806.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2008.05.028.
[32]蔡永久,刘劲松,戴小琳,等.长荡湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(5):1224-1232.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.20140327.035.Cai Y J,Liu J S,Dia X L,et al.Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Bioassessment of Water Quality in Lake Changdang,Jiangsu Province[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014,33(5):1224-1232.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.20140327.035.
[33]王丑明,张屹,石慧华,等.洞庭湖大型底栖动物群落结构和水质评价[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(2):395-404.DOI:10.18307/2016.0220.Wang C M,Zhang Y,Shi H H,et al.Macrozoobenthic Community Structure and Bioassessment of Water Quality in Lake Dongting,China[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2016,28(2):395-404.DOI:10.18307/2016.0220.
[34]沈宏,石彭灵,吴耀,等.梁塘河大型底栖动物群落及其水质生物学评价[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(1):203-210.DOI:10.7541/2016.29.Sheng Y,Shi P L,Wu Y,et al.Macrozoobenthos Community Structure and Water Quality Bioassessment of The Liangtang River[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2016,40(1):203-210.DOI:10.7541/2016.29.
[35]冷龙龙,渠晓东,张海萍,等.不同大型底栖动物快速生物评价指数对河流水质指示比较[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(6):819-828.DOI:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2016.06.05.Leng L L,Qu X D,Zhang H P,et al.Comparisons of Different Rapid Bioassessment Indices Based on Benthic Macroinvertebrates to Stream Water Quality[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(6):819-828.DOI:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2016.06.05.
[36]陈浒,林陶,秦樊鑫.乌江流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物评价[J].水生态学杂志,2010,3(6):5-11.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2010.06.002.Chen H,Lin T,Qin F X.Macroinvertebrate Community Structure and Biological Assessment to the Water Quality of Wujiang River[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2010,3(6):5-11.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2010.06.002.
[37] Cai Y,Qin Z G B.Influences of Habitat Type and Environmental Variables on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in A Large Shallow Subtropical Lake(Lake Taihu,China)[J].Annales De Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology,2010,47(1):85-95.DOI:10.1051/limn/2010028.
[38] Graeber D,Jensen T M,Rasmussen J J,et al.Multiple Stress Response of Lowland Stream Benthic Macroinvertebrates Depends on Habitat Type[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,599-600:1517-1523.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.102.
[39]张又,刘凌,蔡永久,等.太湖流域河流及溪流大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(5):1535-1546.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2015.05.034.
[40] Gichana Z,Njiru M,Raburu P O,et al.Effects of Human Activities 0nBenthic Macroinvertebrate Community Composition and Water Quality in the Upper Catchment of the Mara River Basin,Kenya[J].Lakes&Reservoirs Research&Management,2015,20(2):128-137.DOI:10.1111/lre.12094.
[2] Sponseller R A,Benfield E F,Valett H M.Relationships Between Land Use,Spatial Scale and Stream Macroinvertebrate Communities[J].Freshwater Biology,2001,46(10):1409-1424.DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2427.2001.00758.x.
[3] Gnohossou P,LalèyèP,Atachi P,et al.Elaboration of a Biotic Index of Pollution Using Macroinvertebrates for the Monitoring of Lake Nokouéin Benin[J].International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences,2015,9(6):2987-2917.
[4] Shannon C E,Weaver W.The Mathematical Theory of Communication[J].Bell Labs Technical Journal,1950,3(9):31-32.DOI:10.1063/1.3067010.
[5] Simpson E H.Measurement of Diversity[J].Journal of Cardiothoracic&Vascular Anesthesia,1997,11(6):812.DOI:10.1136/thx.27.2.261.
[6] Hilsenhoff W L.Rapid Field Assessment of Organic Pollution with a Family-Level Biotic Index[J].Journal of the North American Benthological Society,1988,7(1):65-68.DOI:10.2307/1467832.
[7] Camargo J A.Macrobenthic Surveys as a Valuable Tool for Assessing Freshwater Quality in the Iberian Peninsula[J].Environmental Monitoring&Assessment,1993,24(1):71-90.DOI:10.1007/BF00568800.
[8] Roche K F,Queiroz E P,Righi K O,et al.Use of The BMWP and ASPT Indexes for Monitoring Environmental Quality in A Neotropical Stream[J].Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia,2010,22(1):105-108.DOI:10.4322/actalb.02201010.
[9] Varnosfaderany M N,Ebrahimi E,Mirghaffary N,et al.Biological Assessment of the Zayandeh Rud River,Iran,Using Benthic Macroinvertebrates[J].Limnologica,2010,40(3):226-232.DOI:10.1016/j.limno.2009.10.002.
[10] Damanik-Ambarita M N,Lock K,Boets P,et al.Ecological Water Quality Analysis of The Guayas River Basin(Ecuador)Based on Macroinvertebrates Indices[J].Limnologica,2016,57:27-59.DOI:10.1016/j.limno.2016.01.001.
[11]刘玉,Vermaat J E,Ruyter E D De,等.ISO-BMWP底栖动物监测法在中国河流有机污染评价中的修正及应用[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(4):102-105.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0529-6579.2004.04.026.Liu Y,Vermaat J E,Ruyter E D De,et al.Modification and Application of Biomonitoring ISO-BMWP Method of Macrofauna in River Pollution Evaluation in China[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni,2004,43(4):102-105.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0529-6579.2004.04.026.
[12]赵瑞,高欣,丁森,等.辽河流域大型底栖动物耐污值[J].生态学报,2015,35(14):4797-4809.DOI:10.5846/stxb201311082699.Zhao Y,Gao X,Ding S,et al.Tolerance Values of Macroinvertebrate Taxa in Liao River Basin[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(14):4797-4809.DOI:10.5846/stxb201311082699.
[13]王备新,杨莲芳.我国东部底栖无脊椎动物主要分类单元耐污值[J].生态学报,2004,24(12):2768-2775.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2004.12.014.Wang B X,Yang L F.A Study on Tolerance Values of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Taxa in Eastern China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(12):2768-2775.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2004.12.014.
[14]王军,周琼,谢从新,等.新疆额尔齐斯河大型底栖动物的群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(9):2420-2428.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2014.0157.Wang J,Zhou Q,Xie C X,et al.The Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Biological Assessment of Water Quality in The Irtysh River Of Xinjiang[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014,33(9):2420-2428.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.2014.0157.
[15] Xu M,Wang Z,Duan X,et al.Effects of Pollution on Macroinvertebrates and Water Quality Bio-Assessment[J].Hydrobiologia,2014,729(1):247-259.DOI:10.1007/s10750-013-1504-y.
[16]李艳利,李艳粉,徐宗学.影响浑太河流域大型底栖动物群落结构的环境因子分析[J].环境科学,2015(1):94-106.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.01.013.Li Y L,Li Y F,Xu Z X.Effect of Environmental Factors on Macroinvertebrate Community Structure in the Huntai River Basin in the Huntai River Basin[J].Environmental Science,2015(1):94-106.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.01.013
[17]李晓晓,杨薇,孙涛,等.黄河故道尾闾湿地大型底栖动物群落对生态补水的响应研究[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2018,54(1):64-72.DOI:10.16360/j.cnki.jbnuns.2018.01.009.Li X X,Yang W,Sun T,et al.Ecological Responses of Macrobenthic Community to Freshwater Replenishment in the Tail Wetland of Old Yellow River[J].Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2018,54(1):64-72.DOI:10.16360/j.cnki.jbnuns.2018.01.009.
[18]李英明,潘军峰.山西河流[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:279-355.Li Y M,Pan J F.The Rivers of Shanxi Proivince[M].Beijing:Science Press.2004:279-355.
[19]周长发,苏翠荣,归鸿.中国蜉蝣概述[M].北京:科学出版社,2015.Zhou C F,Su C R,Gui H.Outline of Chinese Mayflies[M].Beijing:Science Press,2015.
[20]辽宁省水利厅.大伙房水库主要水生动植物图鉴[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2012.Liaoning Provincial Department of Water Resource.Atlas of Aquatic Animals and Plants in Dahuofang Reservoir[M].Shenyang:Liaoning Science and Technology Press,2012.
[21]段学花,王兆印,徐梦珍.底栖动物与河流生态评价[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2010.Duan X H,Wang Z Y,Xu M Z.Benthic Mcroinvertebrate and Application in the Assessment of Stream Ecology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press.2010.
[22] Pinkas,Oliphant M S,Iverson I L K.Food Habits of Albacore,Bluefin Tuna and Bonito in Californian Waters[J].California Department of Fish and Game:Fish Bulletin,1971,152:1-105.
[23] Goodnight C J,Whitley L S.Oligochaetes as Indicators of Pollution[J].Water&Sewage Works,1960,107:311.
[24]黄旭蕾,李天宏,蒋晓辉.基于大型底栖无脊椎动物指数的黄河水质评价研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2015,51(3):553-561.DOI:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.070.Huang X L,Li T H,Jiang X H.Assessing Water Quality of the Yellow River with Benthic Macro-invertebrate Indices[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2015,51(3):553-561.DOI:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2015.070.
[25] Armitage P D,Moss D,Wright J F,et al.The Performance of a New Biological Water Quality Score System Based on Macroinvertebrates Over a Wide Range of Unpolluted Running-Water Sites[J].Water Research,1983,17(3):333-347.DOI:10.1016/0043-1354(83)90188-4.
[26]傅鹏.山西沁河干流重金属污染现状研究[D].太原:山西大学,2012:12-26.Fu P.Heavy Metal Pollution in the Qin River[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi University,2012:12-26.
[27]段学花,王兆印,程东升.典型河床底质组成中底栖动物群落及多样性[J].生态学报,2007,27(4):1664-1672.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.04.047.Duan X H,Wang Z Y,Cheng D S.Benthic Macroinvertebrates Communities and Biodiversity in Various Stream Substrata[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(4):1664-1672.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2007.04.047.
[28]王硕,林育青,陈求稳,等.漓江大型底栖动物群落时空分布及水质生物评价[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(3):1207-1213.DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0342.Wang S,Lin Y Q,Cheng Q W,et al.The Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Macroinvertebrates Community and Water Quality Bioassessment in Lijiang River[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(3):1207-1213.DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2017.0342.
[29]张蕾,于海燕,黄旻,等.浦阳江底栖动物群落特征与水质生物评价[J].应用与环境生物学报,2018,24(1):155-161.DOI:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.03041.Zhang L,Yu H Y,Huang M,et al.Characteristics of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Community and Bioassessment of Water Quality in the Puyang River[J].Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology,2018,24(1):155-161.DOI:10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2017.03041.
[30]丁建华,周立志,邓道贵.淮河干流大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].长江流域资源与环境,2017,26(11):1875-1883.DOI:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj201711016.Ding J H,Zhou L Z,Deng D G.Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Biological Evaluation of Water Quality in the Mainstream of Huai River[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(11):1875-1883.DOI:10.11870/cjlyzyyhj 201711016.
[31]韩托,王茜,王兰.山西沁河流域溪蟹生态调查及河流污染现状[J].四川动物,2008,27(5):804-806.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2008.05.028.Han T,Wang Q,Wang L.Ecological Investigation of Freshwater Crab and River Pollution in Basin of Qinhe River[J].Sichuan Journal of Zoology,2008,27(5):804-806.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7083.2008.05.028.
[32]蔡永久,刘劲松,戴小琳,等.长荡湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(5):1224-1232.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.20140327.035.Cai Y J,Liu J S,Dia X L,et al.Community Structure of Macrozoobenthos and Bioassessment of Water Quality in Lake Changdang,Jiangsu Province[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2014,33(5):1224-1232.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.20140327.035.
[33]王丑明,张屹,石慧华,等.洞庭湖大型底栖动物群落结构和水质评价[J].湖泊科学,2016,28(2):395-404.DOI:10.18307/2016.0220.Wang C M,Zhang Y,Shi H H,et al.Macrozoobenthic Community Structure and Bioassessment of Water Quality in Lake Dongting,China[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2016,28(2):395-404.DOI:10.18307/2016.0220.
[34]沈宏,石彭灵,吴耀,等.梁塘河大型底栖动物群落及其水质生物学评价[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(1):203-210.DOI:10.7541/2016.29.Sheng Y,Shi P L,Wu Y,et al.Macrozoobenthos Community Structure and Water Quality Bioassessment of The Liangtang River[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2016,40(1):203-210.DOI:10.7541/2016.29.
[35]冷龙龙,渠晓东,张海萍,等.不同大型底栖动物快速生物评价指数对河流水质指示比较[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(6):819-828.DOI:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2016.06.05.Leng L L,Qu X D,Zhang H P,et al.Comparisons of Different Rapid Bioassessment Indices Based on Benthic Macroinvertebrates to Stream Water Quality[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(6):819-828.DOI:10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2016.06.05.
[36]陈浒,林陶,秦樊鑫.乌江流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其水质生物评价[J].水生态学杂志,2010,3(6):5-11.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2010.06.002.Chen H,Lin T,Qin F X.Macroinvertebrate Community Structure and Biological Assessment to the Water Quality of Wujiang River[J].Journal of Hydroecology,2010,3(6):5-11.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2010.06.002.
[37] Cai Y,Qin Z G B.Influences of Habitat Type and Environmental Variables on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in A Large Shallow Subtropical Lake(Lake Taihu,China)[J].Annales De Limnologie-International Journal of Limnology,2010,47(1):85-95.DOI:10.1051/limn/2010028.
[38] Graeber D,Jensen T M,Rasmussen J J,et al.Multiple Stress Response of Lowland Stream Benthic Macroinvertebrates Depends on Habitat Type[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,599-600:1517-1523.DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.102.
[39]张又,刘凌,蔡永久,等.太湖流域河流及溪流大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因素[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(5):1535-1546.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2015.05.034.
[40] Gichana Z,Njiru M,Raburu P O,et al.Effects of Human Activities 0nBenthic Macroinvertebrate Community Composition and Water Quality in the Upper Catchment of the Mara River Basin,Kenya[J].Lakes&Reservoirs Research&Management,2015,20(2):128-137.DOI:10.1111/lre.12094.