分子蒸馏脱除玉米油中3-氯丙醇脂肪酸酯和缩水甘油酯效果的研究
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摘要
研究了分子蒸馏法脱除玉米油中3-氯丙醇脂肪酸酯(3-MCPDE)和缩水甘油酯(GE)的效果。结果表明:蒸馏温度和进油速度是影响3-MCPDE脱除效果的显著因素;在进油速度160mL/h、刮膜速率240 r/min的条件下,玉米油中3-MCPDE的含量随着蒸馏温度的升高而降低,当蒸馏温度达到230℃时,玉米油中3-MCPDE的含量即可从2. 90 mg/kg降低到0. 82 mg/kg,脱除效率达到71. 7%;在蒸馏温度210℃、刮膜速率240 r/min的条件下,玉米油中3-MCPDE的含量随着进油速度的减缓而降低,3-MCPDE的脱除效率在15. 9%～60. 3%之间;在蒸馏温度210℃、进油速度160 mL/h的条件下,刮膜速率的改变对玉米油中3-MCPDE的含量影响不显著。在所有实验中,分子蒸馏可以使玉米油中的GE含量从4. 73 mg/kg均降至0. 5 mg/kg以下,脱除效率均超过91. 8%。
The removal effects of 3-monochloropropanel-1,2-diol fatty acid esters (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) from corn oil by molecular distillation were researched. The results showed that evaporation temperature and feed flow rate obviously influenced the removal efficiency of 3-MCPDE.The 3-MCPDE content decreased with the increase of evaporation temperature under the conditions of stirring speed 240 r/min and feed flow rate 160 mL/h. The content of 3-MCPDE reduced from 2. 90 mg/kg to 0. 82 mg/kg and the removal efficiency of 3-MCPDE reached 71. 7% when evaporation temperature was 230 ℃. The 3-MCPDE content decreased with the decrease of the feed flow rate under the conditions of evaporation temperature 210 ℃ and the stirring speed 240 r/min,and the removal efficiency of 3-MCPDE ranged from 15. 9% to 60. 3%. The stirring speed showed no significantly influence on the content of 3-MCPDE under the conditions of evaporation temperature 210 ℃ and feed flow rate 160 mL/h. The content of GE in corn oil after molecular distillation decreased from 4. 73 mg/kg to below 0. 5 mg/kg,and the removal efficiency exceeded 91. 8%.
The removal effects of 3-monochloropropanel-1,2-diol fatty acid esters (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) from corn oil by molecular distillation were researched. The results showed that evaporation temperature and feed flow rate obviously influenced the removal efficiency of 3-MCPDE.The 3-MCPDE content decreased with the increase of evaporation temperature under the conditions of stirring speed 240 r/min and feed flow rate 160 mL/h. The content of 3-MCPDE reduced from 2. 90 mg/kg to 0. 82 mg/kg and the removal efficiency of 3-MCPDE reached 71. 7% when evaporation temperature was 230 ℃. The 3-MCPDE content decreased with the decrease of the feed flow rate under the conditions of evaporation temperature 210 ℃ and the stirring speed 240 r/min,and the removal efficiency of 3-MCPDE ranged from 15. 9% to 60. 3%. The stirring speed showed no significantly influence on the content of 3-MCPDE under the conditions of evaporation temperature 210 ℃ and feed flow rate 160 mL/h. The content of GE in corn oil after molecular distillation decreased from 4. 73 mg/kg to below 0. 5 mg/kg,and the removal efficiency exceeded 91. 8%.
引文
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[11]CREWS C,CHIODINI A,GRANVOGL M,et al.Analytical approaches for MCPD esters and glycidyl esters in food and biological samples:a review and future perspectives[J].Food Addit Contam,2013,30(1):11-45.
[12]RAMLI M R,SIEW W L,IBRAHIM N A,et al.Other factors to consider in the formation of chloropropandiol fatty esters in oil processes[J].Food Addit Contam,2015,32(6):817-824.
[13]LI C,LI L Y,JIA H B,et al.Formation and reduction of3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters in peanut oil during physical refining[J].Food Chem,2016,199:605-611.
[14]SMIDRKAL J,TESAROVM,HRDKOVI,et al.Mechanism of formation of 3-chloropropan-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)esters under conditions of the vegetable oil refining[J].Food Chem,2016,211:124-129.
[15]吴鹏,张东明,张庆波.短程蒸馏原理及工业应用[J].化工进展,2000,19(1):49-52.
[16]赵欣欣,张明成,陈倩,等.分子蒸馏技术在甘油二酯纯化中的应用[J].食品工业,2016(12):217-220.
[17]PUDEL F,BENECKE P,VOSMANN K,et al.3-MCPD-and glycidyl esters can be mitigated in vegetable oils by use of short path distillation[J].Eur J Lipid Sci Technol,2016,118(3):396-405.
[18]任我行,刘玉兰,马宇翔,等.玉米油脱臭条件对3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯影响的研究[J].中国油脂,2018,43(4):57-60.
[2]RAZAK R A A,KUNTOMA A,IBRAHIM N A,et al.Detection and monitoring of 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)esters in cooking oils[J].Food Control,2012,25(1):355-360.
[3]SEEFELDER W,VARGA N,STUDER A,et al.Esters of3-chloro-1,2-propanediol(3-MCPD)in vegetable oils:significance in the formation of 3-MCPD[J].Food Addit Contam,2008,25(4):391-400.
[4]FRéDéRIC D,CRAFT B D,SANDOZ L,et al.Formation mechanisms of monochloropropanediol(MCPD)fatty acid diesters in refined palm(Elaeis guineensis)oil and related fractions[J].Food Addit Contam,2011,29(1):29-37.
[5]卢跃鹏,金绍明,江小明,等.部分省份食用植物油中脂肪酸氯丙醇酯含量水平调查分析[J].中国油脂,2015,40(11):79-84.
[6]陈慧玲,刘红河,许欣欣,等.深圳市区食用植物油中3-氯丙醇酯的污染情况分析[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2018(7):1718-1722.
[7]杨长晓,张坤.油条中氯丙醇脂肪酸酯污染的监测分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2018,34(1):75-78.
[8]JEDRKIZWICZ R,GLOWACZ A,GROMADZKA J,et al.Determination of 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD esters in edible oils,fish oils and lipid fractions of margarines available on polish market[J].Food Control,2016,59:487-492.
[9]CHAIN E P O C I.Risks for human health related to the presence of 3-and 2-monochloropropanediol(MCPD),and their fatty acid esters,and glycidyl fatty acid esters in food[J].EFSA J,2016,14(5):e04426.[2018-10-11].http://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2016.4426.
[10]CHENG W W,LIU G Q,WANG L Q,et al.Glycidyl fatty acid esters in refined edible oils:a review on formation,occurrence,analysis,and elimination methods[J].Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf,2017,16(2):263-281.
[11]CREWS C,CHIODINI A,GRANVOGL M,et al.Analytical approaches for MCPD esters and glycidyl esters in food and biological samples:a review and future perspectives[J].Food Addit Contam,2013,30(1):11-45.
[12]RAMLI M R,SIEW W L,IBRAHIM N A,et al.Other factors to consider in the formation of chloropropandiol fatty esters in oil processes[J].Food Addit Contam,2015,32(6):817-824.
[13]LI C,LI L Y,JIA H B,et al.Formation and reduction of3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters in peanut oil during physical refining[J].Food Chem,2016,199:605-611.
[14]SMIDRKAL J,TESAROVM,HRDKOVI,et al.Mechanism of formation of 3-chloropropan-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)esters under conditions of the vegetable oil refining[J].Food Chem,2016,211:124-129.
[15]吴鹏,张东明,张庆波.短程蒸馏原理及工业应用[J].化工进展,2000,19(1):49-52.
[16]赵欣欣,张明成,陈倩,等.分子蒸馏技术在甘油二酯纯化中的应用[J].食品工业,2016(12):217-220.
[17]PUDEL F,BENECKE P,VOSMANN K,et al.3-MCPD-and glycidyl esters can be mitigated in vegetable oils by use of short path distillation[J].Eur J Lipid Sci Technol,2016,118(3):396-405.
[18]任我行,刘玉兰,马宇翔,等.玉米油脱臭条件对3-氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯影响的研究[J].中国油脂,2018,43(4):57-60.