三维声强测量系统的标定技术
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摘要
三维声强技术的发展对于声学测量领域具有重要的意义,三维声强标定技术是保证三维声强测量精度的前提条件.采用传递函数法标定三维声强测量系统,并在全消声室中采用经标定后的三维声强测量系统测量正四面体传声器的幅值误差和方向性误差.为了简化计算,在保证精度的前提下将测量环境近似为平面波声场.由全消声室实测结果可知:采用文中所述三维声强校准系统可保证声强探头具备较高的测量精度,在f=1000Hz时,幅值误差仿真和实测的差值小于1. 4 dB,方向性误差仿真和实测的差值小于10°.
The development of Three-dimension sound intensity technology is of significance to the field of acoustic measurement. The three-dimension sound intensity calibration technology is to ensure the accuracy of three-dimension sound intensity measurement. This paper is mainly about the transfer function method to calibrate the three-dimension sound intensity measurement system,and to measure the amplitude error and directional error of the system in the whole anechoic chamber. Under the premise of ensuring accuracy,the measurement environment can be approximated as a planar sound field to simplify the calculation. It can be known from the actual measurement results that the adoption of the three-dimension sound intensity calibration system described in the text can ensure that the sound intensity probe has a high measurement accuracy. when f = 1 000 Hz,the difference between the amplitude error simulation and the value measured is less than 1. 4 d B,and the difference between the directional error simulation and the value measured is less than 10°. Three-dimension sound intensity calibration system is to ensure that the sound intensity probe with a high accuracy.
The development of Three-dimension sound intensity technology is of significance to the field of acoustic measurement. The three-dimension sound intensity calibration technology is to ensure the accuracy of three-dimension sound intensity measurement. This paper is mainly about the transfer function method to calibrate the three-dimension sound intensity measurement system,and to measure the amplitude error and directional error of the system in the whole anechoic chamber. Under the premise of ensuring accuracy,the measurement environment can be approximated as a planar sound field to simplify the calculation. It can be known from the actual measurement results that the adoption of the three-dimension sound intensity calibration system described in the text can ensure that the sound intensity probe has a high measurement accuracy. when f = 1 000 Hz,the difference between the amplitude error simulation and the value measured is less than 1. 4 d B,and the difference between the directional error simulation and the value measured is less than 10°. Three-dimension sound intensity calibration system is to ensure that the sound intensity probe with a high accuracy.
引文
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[2] MUHLESTEIN M B,THOMAS D C,GEE K L. Time-domain effects of rigid sphere scattering on measurement oftransient plane waves[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2014,136(7):13-21.
[3] WILLIAMS E G,KAZUHIRO Takashima. Vector intensity reconstructions in a volume surrounding a rigid spherical microphone array[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2010,127(1):773-783.
[4] JACOBSEN F. A comparison of two different sound intensity measurement principles[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2005,118(9):1510-1517.
[5] BASTEN T,G. DE BREE. Full bandwidth calibration procedure for acoustic probes containing a pressure and particle velocity sensor[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2010,127(1):264-270.
[6]蔡阳生,赵越喆,吴硕贤,等.声压法和声强法测量建筑构件空气声隔声的比较[J].振动与冲击,2013(21):65-68,111.CAI Yang-sheng,ZHAO Yue-zhe,WU Shuo-xian. Measurement of airborne sound insulation and the comparison between sound pressure and sound intensity method[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013(21):65-68,111.
[7]蔡阳生,赵越喆,吴硕贤.声强测量隔声技术及其在绿色建筑评价中的应用[J].南方建筑,2015(2):43-46.CAI Yang-sheng,ZHAO Yue-zhe,WU Shuo-xian. Soundintensity-based sound insulation measuring technique and its applications in green building assessments[J]. South Architecture,2015(2):43-46.
[8]蔡阳生.建筑和建筑构件空气声隔声测量技术研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[9] OLDHAN J R,SAGERS J D,BLOTTER J D,et al. Development of a multi-microphone calibrator[J]. Applied Acoustics,2009,70(6):790-798.
[10] WIEDERHOLD C P,GEE K L,BLOTTER J D,et al.Comparison of multimicrophone probe design and processing methods in measuring acoustic intensity[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2014,135(1):2797-2807.
[11] TAKESHI I,HIROKAZU T K,HISANOBU M K,et al.Numerical evaluation of three-dimensional sound intensity measurement accuracies and a proposal for an error correction method[J]. Acoustical Science&Technology,2013,34(1):34-41.
[12] MIAH K H,HIXON E L. Design and performance evaluation of a broadband three dimensional acoustic intensity measuring System[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2010,127(4):2338-2346.
[13] PASCAL J C,LIB J F. A systematic method to obtain 3D finite-difference formulations for acoustic intensity and other energy quantities[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2008,310:1093-1111.
[14] JACOBSEN F. An overview of the sources of error in sound power determination using the intensity technique[J]. Applied Acoustics,1997,50:155-166.
[15]周晓峰,毕传兴,孙彪,等.一种新的三维矢量声强测量方法[J].计量学报,2007(4):297-301.ZHOU Xiao-feng,BI Chuan-xing,SUN Biao,et al. A new approach of 3-D sound intensity measurement[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2007(4):297-301.
[16]陈心昭,王再平,刘正士,等.传递函数法修正声强测量系统相位不匹配误差的研究[J].仪器仪表学报,1994(4):405-409.CHEN Xin-zhao,WANG Zai-ping,LIU Zheng-shi,et al.Corrrecting the phase mismatch errors of the acoustic intensity measuring system by transfer function method[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,1994(4):405-409.
[17]孙彪.新型三维声强测量分析系统[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006.
[18] SUZUKI H,ANZAI M,OGURO S,et al. Performance evaluation of a three dimensional intensity probe[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan,1995,16(7):233-238.
[19] SUZUKI H,OGURO S,ONO T. A sensitivity correction method for a three-dimensional sound intensity probe[J]. Acoustical Science&Technology,2000,21:259-265.
[20] HICKLING R,BROW N,DETERMINING A. The direction to a sound source in air using vector sound-intensity probes[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2011,129(1):219-224.
[21] WIEDERHOLD C P,GEE K L,BLOTTER J D,et al.Comparison of methods for processing acoustic intensity from orthogonal multimicrophone probes[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2012,131(4):2841-2852.
[22]张龙.三维声强法在建筑构件隔声测量中的应用[D].广州:华南理工大学,2017.
[23] BREE H. The Microflown:an acoustic particle velocity sensor[J]. Acoustics Australia,2003,31:91-94.
[24] LAVILLE F,NICOLAS J. A computer simulation of sound power determination using two-microphone sound intensity measurements[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1992,91(4):2042-2055.
[25] CHUNG J Y. Cross-spectral method of measuring acoustic intensity with-out error caused by instrument phase mismatch[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1978,64(6):1613-1616.
[2] MUHLESTEIN M B,THOMAS D C,GEE K L. Time-domain effects of rigid sphere scattering on measurement oftransient plane waves[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2014,136(7):13-21.
[3] WILLIAMS E G,KAZUHIRO Takashima. Vector intensity reconstructions in a volume surrounding a rigid spherical microphone array[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2010,127(1):773-783.
[4] JACOBSEN F. A comparison of two different sound intensity measurement principles[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2005,118(9):1510-1517.
[5] BASTEN T,G. DE BREE. Full bandwidth calibration procedure for acoustic probes containing a pressure and particle velocity sensor[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2010,127(1):264-270.
[6]蔡阳生,赵越喆,吴硕贤,等.声压法和声强法测量建筑构件空气声隔声的比较[J].振动与冲击,2013(21):65-68,111.CAI Yang-sheng,ZHAO Yue-zhe,WU Shuo-xian. Measurement of airborne sound insulation and the comparison between sound pressure and sound intensity method[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013(21):65-68,111.
[7]蔡阳生,赵越喆,吴硕贤.声强测量隔声技术及其在绿色建筑评价中的应用[J].南方建筑,2015(2):43-46.CAI Yang-sheng,ZHAO Yue-zhe,WU Shuo-xian. Soundintensity-based sound insulation measuring technique and its applications in green building assessments[J]. South Architecture,2015(2):43-46.
[8]蔡阳生.建筑和建筑构件空气声隔声测量技术研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[9] OLDHAN J R,SAGERS J D,BLOTTER J D,et al. Development of a multi-microphone calibrator[J]. Applied Acoustics,2009,70(6):790-798.
[10] WIEDERHOLD C P,GEE K L,BLOTTER J D,et al.Comparison of multimicrophone probe design and processing methods in measuring acoustic intensity[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2014,135(1):2797-2807.
[11] TAKESHI I,HIROKAZU T K,HISANOBU M K,et al.Numerical evaluation of three-dimensional sound intensity measurement accuracies and a proposal for an error correction method[J]. Acoustical Science&Technology,2013,34(1):34-41.
[12] MIAH K H,HIXON E L. Design and performance evaluation of a broadband three dimensional acoustic intensity measuring System[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2010,127(4):2338-2346.
[13] PASCAL J C,LIB J F. A systematic method to obtain 3D finite-difference formulations for acoustic intensity and other energy quantities[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2008,310:1093-1111.
[14] JACOBSEN F. An overview of the sources of error in sound power determination using the intensity technique[J]. Applied Acoustics,1997,50:155-166.
[15]周晓峰,毕传兴,孙彪,等.一种新的三维矢量声强测量方法[J].计量学报,2007(4):297-301.ZHOU Xiao-feng,BI Chuan-xing,SUN Biao,et al. A new approach of 3-D sound intensity measurement[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,2007(4):297-301.
[16]陈心昭,王再平,刘正士,等.传递函数法修正声强测量系统相位不匹配误差的研究[J].仪器仪表学报,1994(4):405-409.CHEN Xin-zhao,WANG Zai-ping,LIU Zheng-shi,et al.Corrrecting the phase mismatch errors of the acoustic intensity measuring system by transfer function method[J]. Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,1994(4):405-409.
[17]孙彪.新型三维声强测量分析系统[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2006.
[18] SUZUKI H,ANZAI M,OGURO S,et al. Performance evaluation of a three dimensional intensity probe[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan,1995,16(7):233-238.
[19] SUZUKI H,OGURO S,ONO T. A sensitivity correction method for a three-dimensional sound intensity probe[J]. Acoustical Science&Technology,2000,21:259-265.
[20] HICKLING R,BROW N,DETERMINING A. The direction to a sound source in air using vector sound-intensity probes[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2011,129(1):219-224.
[21] WIEDERHOLD C P,GEE K L,BLOTTER J D,et al.Comparison of methods for processing acoustic intensity from orthogonal multimicrophone probes[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2012,131(4):2841-2852.
[22]张龙.三维声强法在建筑构件隔声测量中的应用[D].广州:华南理工大学,2017.
[23] BREE H. The Microflown:an acoustic particle velocity sensor[J]. Acoustics Australia,2003,31:91-94.
[24] LAVILLE F,NICOLAS J. A computer simulation of sound power determination using two-microphone sound intensity measurements[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1992,91(4):2042-2055.
[25] CHUNG J Y. Cross-spectral method of measuring acoustic intensity with-out error caused by instrument phase mismatch[J]. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1978,64(6):1613-1616.