液滴型振动式能量收集器的实验研究
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摘要
能量收集是一种将环境中微小的能量转换成电能的技术,具有清洁环保的优点。本文主要研究了液滴型振动式能量收集器的输出特性和相关影响因素。本文首先制作了基于单颗液滴的振动式能量收集器,然后对其输出电压和输出功率进行了测量。实验结果表明,由于液体与固体的有效接触面积更大,液滴型振动式能量收集器的输出性能比无液滴的振动式能量收集器的性能更优。为了提高输出功率,本文进而制作了基于并联液滴的振动式能量收集器。实验发现,增加并联液滴的数量可以显著提升能量收集器的输出功率。随后,本文还对能量收集器的输出功率、液滴数量和负载电阻的相互影响进行了实验研究。最后,本文对实验测量数据进行了误差分析,证明了测量结果的可靠性。
Energy harvesting is the conversion of ambient energy existing in the environment into electrical energy, which is regarded as a clean and environmental friendly technology. The output characteristics and the affecting factors of the droplet-based vibrational energy harvester were investigated in this research. A vibrational energy harvester based on a single droplet was fabricated and measured for its output voltage and output power. The experimental results showed shat the output performance of the droplet-based vibrational energy harvester is better than that of the vibrational energy harvester without a droplet, because the effective contact area between liquid and solid is larger than that between solid and solid. In order to improve the output power, a vibrational energy harvester based on droplet array was fabricated. It was experimentally confirmed that the output power of the energy harvester can be significantly improved by increasing the number of droplets. Besides, the effects of droplet number and load resistance on the output power of the energy harvester were experimentally studied. Finally, error analysis was conducted on the measurement data to verify the reliability of experimental results.
Energy harvesting is the conversion of ambient energy existing in the environment into electrical energy, which is regarded as a clean and environmental friendly technology. The output characteristics and the affecting factors of the droplet-based vibrational energy harvester were investigated in this research. A vibrational energy harvester based on a single droplet was fabricated and measured for its output voltage and output power. The experimental results showed shat the output performance of the droplet-based vibrational energy harvester is better than that of the vibrational energy harvester without a droplet, because the effective contact area between liquid and solid is larger than that between solid and solid. In order to improve the output power, a vibrational energy harvester based on droplet array was fabricated. It was experimentally confirmed that the output power of the energy harvester can be significantly improved by increasing the number of droplets. Besides, the effects of droplet number and load resistance on the output power of the energy harvester were experimentally studied. Finally, error analysis was conducted on the measurement data to verify the reliability of experimental results.
引文
[1] Miljkovic N, Preston D J, Enright R, et al. JumpingDroplet Electrostatic Energy Harvesting[J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2014, 105(1):013111
[2] Mitcheson P D, Yeatman E M, Rao G K, et al. Energy Harvesting from Human and Machine Motion for Wireless Electronic Devices[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2008,96(9):1457-1486
[3] Roundy S, Wright P K, Rabaey J. A Study of Low Level Vibrations as a Power Source for Wireless Sensor Nodes[J]. Computer Communications, 2003, 26(11):1131-1144
[4] Boisseau S, Despesse G, Seddik B A. Electrostatic Conversion for Vibration Energy Harvesting[M]. London:IntechOpen, 2012:92-134
[5] Lin Z H, Cheng G, Lin L, et al. Water-Solid Surface Contact Electrification and Its Use for Harvesting LiquidWave Energy[J]. Angewandte Chemie, 2013, 125(48):12777-12781
[6] Moon J K, Jeong J, Lee D, et al. Electrical Power Generation by Mechanically Modulating Electrical Double Layers[J]. Nature Communications, 2013, 4:1487
[7] Kwon S H, Park J, Kim W K, et al. An Effective Energy Harvesting Method from a Natural Water Motion Active Transducer[J]. Energy Environmental Science, 2014,7(10):3279-3283
[8] YildIrIm E, Kulah H. Electrostatic Energy Harvesting by Droplet-Based Multi-Phase Microfluidics[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2012, 13:107-111
[9] Tang W, Jiang T, Fan F R, et al. Liquid-Metal Electrode for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator at an Instantaneous Energy Conversion Efficiency of 70.6%[J].Advanced Functional Materials, 2015, 25:3718-3725
[10]李沂乘.采样计算方法测量交流电压有效值误差分析[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2008, 22(S2):62-65LI Yicheng. Error Analysis of Sampling Computation Method for RMS Measurement[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument, 2008, 22(S2):62-65
[2] Mitcheson P D, Yeatman E M, Rao G K, et al. Energy Harvesting from Human and Machine Motion for Wireless Electronic Devices[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2008,96(9):1457-1486
[3] Roundy S, Wright P K, Rabaey J. A Study of Low Level Vibrations as a Power Source for Wireless Sensor Nodes[J]. Computer Communications, 2003, 26(11):1131-1144
[4] Boisseau S, Despesse G, Seddik B A. Electrostatic Conversion for Vibration Energy Harvesting[M]. London:IntechOpen, 2012:92-134
[5] Lin Z H, Cheng G, Lin L, et al. Water-Solid Surface Contact Electrification and Its Use for Harvesting LiquidWave Energy[J]. Angewandte Chemie, 2013, 125(48):12777-12781
[6] Moon J K, Jeong J, Lee D, et al. Electrical Power Generation by Mechanically Modulating Electrical Double Layers[J]. Nature Communications, 2013, 4:1487
[7] Kwon S H, Park J, Kim W K, et al. An Effective Energy Harvesting Method from a Natural Water Motion Active Transducer[J]. Energy Environmental Science, 2014,7(10):3279-3283
[8] YildIrIm E, Kulah H. Electrostatic Energy Harvesting by Droplet-Based Multi-Phase Microfluidics[J]. Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, 2012, 13:107-111
[9] Tang W, Jiang T, Fan F R, et al. Liquid-Metal Electrode for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator at an Instantaneous Energy Conversion Efficiency of 70.6%[J].Advanced Functional Materials, 2015, 25:3718-3725
[10]李沂乘.采样计算方法测量交流电压有效值误差分析[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2008, 22(S2):62-65LI Yicheng. Error Analysis of Sampling Computation Method for RMS Measurement[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument, 2008, 22(S2):62-65