母排散热涂层的制备及性能研究
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摘要
针对母排在静态空气环境中散热性能较差的问题,采用镍铬尖晶石相作为辐射填料、碳纳米管(CNTs)作为导热填料制备母排散热涂料,研究填料的含量和温度对涂层发射率和热导率的影响,并对散热涂层的微观形貌、附着力、散热性能以及涂层厚度对散热效果的影响进行表征。结果表明:涂层的发射率随着辐射填料的加入而提升,随温度的升高略有下降,当镍铬尖晶石的含量达16%时,涂层的发射率已基本趋于稳定,达到0. 93,在此基础上加入4%的CNTs,涂层内形成连续的导热网络,涂层热导率达到1. 96 W/(m·K),涂层在母排上的附着力为5～8 MPa。当电流温升稳定时,涂覆散热涂层后的铝排温升较裸排降低30. 3 K,较涂覆纯树脂涂层的铝排降低6. 3 K;涂覆散热涂层后的铜排温升较裸排降低22. 5 K,较涂覆纯树脂涂层的铜排降低5. 8 K,散热性能明显提升,并且散热涂层厚度<200μm时,其厚度对母排散热效果没有影响。
Due to the poor thermal dissipation performance of bus bars in the static air environment,using nickel cadmium spinel phase as radiation filler,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)as thermal conductive filler to prepare thermal dissipation coatings for bus bars. The influence of filler content on coatings emissivity and thermal conductivity was researched,and the microstructure and adhesive of coatings,heat dissipation performance and the influence of coating thickness on the heat dissipation were characterized. Results showed that the emissivity of coatings increased with the increase of the radiation fillers content,and slightly decreased with the increase of the temperature. The emissivity of coating was basically stable at 0. 93 when the content of nickel cadmium spinel reached 16 wt.%. On this basis,a continuous network of thermal conductivity in the coatings was formed with adding 4 wt.% CNTs. The thermal conductivity of coating was 1. 96 W/(m K),the adhesion of coating on the bus bar was 5 ～ 8 MPa.The temperature rise of the aluminum bus bar with applying thermal dissipation coating was30. 3 K lower than that of the bare bus bar,and 6. 3 K lower than that of the aluminum bus bar coated with pure resin coating. The temperature rise of the copper bus bar with applying thermal dissipation coating was 22. 5 K lower than that of the bare bus bar,and 5. 8 K lower than that of the copper bus bar coated with pure resin coating. The thermal dissipating performance improved significantly. The thickness had no effect on bus bar thermal dissipation when coating thickness was less than 200 μm.
Due to the poor thermal dissipation performance of bus bars in the static air environment,using nickel cadmium spinel phase as radiation filler,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)as thermal conductive filler to prepare thermal dissipation coatings for bus bars. The influence of filler content on coatings emissivity and thermal conductivity was researched,and the microstructure and adhesive of coatings,heat dissipation performance and the influence of coating thickness on the heat dissipation were characterized. Results showed that the emissivity of coatings increased with the increase of the radiation fillers content,and slightly decreased with the increase of the temperature. The emissivity of coating was basically stable at 0. 93 when the content of nickel cadmium spinel reached 16 wt.%. On this basis,a continuous network of thermal conductivity in the coatings was formed with adding 4 wt.% CNTs. The thermal conductivity of coating was 1. 96 W/(m K),the adhesion of coating on the bus bar was 5 ～ 8 MPa.The temperature rise of the aluminum bus bar with applying thermal dissipation coating was30. 3 K lower than that of the bare bus bar,and 6. 3 K lower than that of the aluminum bus bar coated with pure resin coating. The temperature rise of the copper bus bar with applying thermal dissipation coating was 22. 5 K lower than that of the bare bus bar,and 5. 8 K lower than that of the copper bus bar coated with pure resin coating. The thermal dissipating performance improved significantly. The thickness had no effect on bus bar thermal dissipation when coating thickness was less than 200 μm.
引文
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[2]曹叶飞,朱晓东,谭燕.大电流中压交流气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备的散热结构设计[J].高压电器,2018,54(1):200-206.
[3]RYFA A,SMOLKA J,BULINSKI Z,et al.Experiment determination of the convective heat transfer coefficient for a switchgear busbar system with a use of the data reconciliation method[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2018,136(25):541-547.
[4]Y DING S,MAO J W,ZENG X,et al.Enhanced infrared emission property of Ni Cr Spinel coating doped with MnO2and rare-earth oxides[J].Surface and Cotings Technology,2018,344(25):418-422.
[5]王峰,钱学强,李小伟,等.高红外辐射陶瓷材料的研究进展[J].2015,34(1):143-148.
[6]杜贤武,刘刚锋,朱小平,等.高红外辐射材料研究进展[J].2017,53(8):6-10.
[7]CHENG X D,DUAN W,CHEN W,et al.Infrared radiation coatings fabricated by plasma spray[J].Journal of Thermal Spray Technology,2009,18(3):448-450.
[8]CHEN W,YE W P,CHENG X D,et al.Preparation,microstructure and properties of Ni O-Cr2O3-Ti O2infrared radiation coating[J].Journal of Materials Science and Technology,2009,25(5):695-698.
[9]BIRD R K,SANKARAN S N,WALLACE T A,et al.Development of protective coatings for high-temperature metallic materials[J].Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets,2004,41(2):213.
[10]LIU H Z,OUYANG J H,LIU Z G,et al.Microstructure,thermal shock resistance and thermal emissivity of plasma sprayed La MAl11O19(M=Mg,Fe)coatings for metallic thermal protection systems[J].Applied Surface Science,2013,271(5):52-59.
[11]HUANG J P,FAN C L,SONG G P,et al.Enhanced infrared emissivity of Ce O2coatings by La doping[J].Applied Surface Science,2013,280(9):605-609.
[12]KIM D,LEE J,KIM J,et al.Enhanced of heat dissipation of LED module with cupric-oxide composite coating on aluminum-alloy heat sink[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2015,106:958-963.
[13]尹雨晨,雷辉,曾一兵,等.绝缘高辐射散热涂层配方设计及性能研究[J].涂料工业,2016,46(7):7-11.
[14]赵凯,花开慧,税安泽.红外辐射涂料在LED散热领域的应用[J].硅酸盐通报,2015,34(s1):172-176.
[15]陈荆州,杜志叶,王栋,等.高压开关柜温度场数值分析[J].电工电能新技术,2018,37(1):38-44.
[16]王晓,王华进,赵薇,等.风电叶片涂料用树脂研究进展[J].表面技术,2016,45(6):28-35.
[17]周文英,齐暑华,王彩凤,等.高温导热绝缘涂料[J].复合材料学报,2007,24(2):28-32.
[18]赵立英,刘平安,曾凡聪,等.高热震稳定性红外辐射节能涂料的制备与性能[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(6):46-50.
[19]GAO Y,MAO Q J,WANG H,et al.Preparation and properties of heat-dissipation coating filled with carbon based filler[J].Materials Science Forum,2017,898:1532-1538.
[20]沈衡,赵宁,徐坚.氮化硼/聚合物导热复合材料研究进展[J].高分子通报,2016(9):27-33.
[21]PATEL H E,ANOOP K B,SUNDARARAJAN T,et al.Model for thermal conductivity of CNT-nanofluids[J].Bulletin of Materials Science,2008,31(3):387-390.
[22]朱文杰.对影响材料发射率的因素和发射率模型的探究[D].新乡:河南师范大学,2017.
[23]孟晓明,楼平,赵永生,等.碳纳米管、石墨烯在导电涂料中的应用研究进展[J].涂料工业,2015,45(5):82-87.
[24]聂钰节,金鹿江,杭建忠,等.水性纳米复合散热降温涂料的制备及其性能研究[J].功能材料,2013,44(5):736-739.
[25]刑刚,尹健宁,屈建宇,等.涂层对开关柜散热的影响分析[J].电器与能效管理技术,2016,16:8-12.