苔藓结皮在我国喀斯特石漠化治理中的应用潜力
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摘要
我国西南喀斯特地区面临着极为严峻的生态环境问题,其中最主要的是石漠化,迫切需要高效、可持续的石漠化治理方式.本文综述了喀斯特石漠化生态系统中苔藓植物的抗逆性和苔藓结皮在提高土层稳定性、增强土壤抗蚀性、提高土壤有机质含量、改善土壤养分状况、影响水分下渗及蒸发、改变降水的再分配格局、促进土壤生物的繁衍生存和植被演替以及增加生物多样性等方面的作用,表明其在石漠化地区土壤过程、水文过程及生物过程中发挥着不可替代的作用.人工培育苔藓结皮成本较低,与环境契合程度高,可作为现行石漠化综合治理手段的重要补充,有望在喀斯特石漠化治理中发挥重要作用.
Karst regions in southwest China are facing serious ecological problems, among which rocky desertification is the most serious one that is urgent to be controlled by more efficient and sustainable ways. We summarized the stress resistance of bryophyte, and the positive effects of bryophyte soil crust on soil stability, soil erosion resistance, soil organic matter content, soil nutrient status, water infiltration and evaporation, the redistribution pattern of precipitation in soil, the reproduction and survival of soil creatures, and the succession of vegetation and biodiversity in karst rocky desertification ecosystem. In those regions, bryophyte soil crust played irreplaceable roles in soil, hydrological and biological processes. The successful practices in desertification regions of north China indicated that artificially cultivated bryophyte soil crust had several advantages, including low cost and high compatibility with environment. In conclusion, artificial cultivation of bryophyte soil crust could be an important supplement to the current comprehensive control measures and will play an important role on the control of karst rocky desertification.
Karst regions in southwest China are facing serious ecological problems, among which rocky desertification is the most serious one that is urgent to be controlled by more efficient and sustainable ways. We summarized the stress resistance of bryophyte, and the positive effects of bryophyte soil crust on soil stability, soil erosion resistance, soil organic matter content, soil nutrient status, water infiltration and evaporation, the redistribution pattern of precipitation in soil, the reproduction and survival of soil creatures, and the succession of vegetation and biodiversity in karst rocky desertification ecosystem. In those regions, bryophyte soil crust played irreplaceable roles in soil, hydrological and biological processes. The successful practices in desertification regions of north China indicated that artificially cultivated bryophyte soil crust had several advantages, including low cost and high compatibility with environment. In conclusion, artificial cultivation of bryophyte soil crust could be an important supplement to the current comprehensive control measures and will play an important role on the control of karst rocky desertification.
引文
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