抑制换相失败期间送端电网过电压的控制策略研究
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摘要
在受端交流系统发生故障时,基于电网换相换流器的直流输电系统存在换相失败的问题,这会导致直流输送功率中断,送端无功功率过剩将造成送端交流电网过电压,可能会造成风机等新能源设备脱网。因此,提出了一种抑制换相失败期间送端过电压的控制策略,在发生换相失败时快速投入逆变侧旁通对,并根据交流滤波器总输出无功功率计算出故障期间低压限流控制特性(VDCOL)的直流电流指令值。该策略可使直流系统在有功功率中断的运行模式下,保证送端换流阀能够正常换相并维持一定的直流电流,从而避免发生送端交流电网过电压的问题。仿真结果验证了该控制策略的有效性,在不同短路比的强、弱交流系统中均可适用。
When the AC system of the receiving end fails,the DC transmission system based on the grid commutator has a problem of commutation failure,which will cause the DC transmission power to be interrupted. The excess reactive power at the sending end will cause the AC system to overvoltage. In turn,it is possible to cause new energy equipment such as wind turbines to be disconnected from the network. Therefore,a control strategy is proposed to suppress over-voltage at the transmitting end during commutation failure. The specific strategy is to quickly input bypass switch of the inverter side when the commutation failure occurs and calculate the DC current command value during the fault according to the reactive power consumption before the fault. The strategy can maintain a certain DC current in the mode of the active power interruption,thereby ensuring the converter valve can normally commutate and have a certain reactive power consumption to avoid the overvoltage problem of AC grid. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the control strategy which can be applied to both strong and weak AC systems with different short-circuit ratios.
When the AC system of the receiving end fails,the DC transmission system based on the grid commutator has a problem of commutation failure,which will cause the DC transmission power to be interrupted. The excess reactive power at the sending end will cause the AC system to overvoltage. In turn,it is possible to cause new energy equipment such as wind turbines to be disconnected from the network. Therefore,a control strategy is proposed to suppress over-voltage at the transmitting end during commutation failure. The specific strategy is to quickly input bypass switch of the inverter side when the commutation failure occurs and calculate the DC current command value during the fault according to the reactive power consumption before the fault. The strategy can maintain a certain DC current in the mode of the active power interruption,thereby ensuring the converter valve can normally commutate and have a certain reactive power consumption to avoid the overvoltage problem of AC grid. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the control strategy which can be applied to both strong and weak AC systems with different short-circuit ratios.
引文
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[14]赵琳,叶丽雅,杨勇,等. 550 k V GIS隔离开关操作引起特快速瞬态过电压仿真研究[J].浙江电力,2018,37(12):86-92.ZHAO Lin,YE Liya,YANG Yong,et al. Simulation study on very fast transient overvoltage during operation of 550 k V GIS disconnector[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2018,37(12):86-92.
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[16]汪剑峰,康龙.特高压直流故障下的负荷控制精准度研究[J].浙江电力,2018,37(3):22-25.WANG Jianfeng,KANG Long. Research on load control precision under UHVDC faults[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2018,37(3):22-25.
[17]蒋道宇.高压直流输电系统部分直流控制保护策略分析与优化[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011:13-18.JIANG Daoyu. Analysis and optimization of partial DC control protection strategy for HVDC transmission system[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011:13-18.
[18]黄梦华,汪娟娟.低压限流环节优化控制策略综述[J].广东电力技术,2018,31(10):10-19.HUANG Menghua,WANG Juanjuan. Overview of optimal control strategy for low-voltage current limiting[J]. Guangdong Electric Power Technology,2018,31(10):10-19.
[19]王晶.高压直流输电典型故障控制保护策略的研究[J].北京:华北电力大学,2018:9-14.WANG Jing. Research on typical fault control and protection strategy of HVDC transmission[J]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2018:9-14.
[20]谢华,姜崇学,赵青春,等.含柔性直流输电系统的交流线路保护适应性分析[J].供用电,2017,34(8):17-22.XIE Hua,JIANG ChongXue,ZHAO Qingchun,et al. Adaptability analysis of AC line protection with flexible HVDC transmission system[J]. Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(8):17-22.
[21]陈大鹏,于海,于锋,等.特高压直流工程控制与保护系统内嵌式暂态数据录波方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(17):125-130.CHEN Dapeng,YU Hai,YU Feng,et al. Embedded transient data recording scheme for UHVDC project control and protection system[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(17):125-130.
[22]陈文滨.特高压直流输电系统故障恢复特性的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010:9-21.CHEN Wenbin. Research on fault recovery characteristics of UHV DC transmission system[J]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2010:9-21.
[23]王少辉,唐飞,刘涤尘,等.应对多直流同时换相失败的直流功率能量补偿调制方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(9):2876-2884.WANG Shaohui,TANG Fei,LIU Dichen,et al. A DC power energy compensation modulation method for multi-DC simultaneous commutation failure[J]. Power Grid Technology,2018,42(9):2876-2884.
[24]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.ZHAO Wanjun. HVDC power transmission engineering technology[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2010.
[25]洪潮.馈入弱交流系统的直流输电换相失败恢复特性对输电能力的影响分析[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(3):6-13.HONG Chao. Analysis of the influence of recovery characteristics of HVDC commutation failure on feeding capacity of weak AC system[J]. South China Power Grid Technology,2017,11(3):6-13.
[26]艾飞. HVDC换相失败判据及恢复策略的研究[J].四川电力技术,2008,31(4):10-13.AI Fei. Research on HVDC commutation failure criterion and recovery strategy[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2008,31(4):10-13.
[2]俞翔,陈乐,邹强,等.特高压直流单换流器退出引起过压问题的分析及优化[J].电力工程技术,2018,37(6):145-150,155.YU Xiang,CHEN Le,ZOU Qiang,et al. Analysis and optimization of overvoltages in UHVDC project caused by exiting of converter[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology,2018,37(6):145-150,155.
[3]史秋娟.特高压直流输电无功补偿及其控制策略的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2008.SHI Qiujuan. Research on reactive power compensation and control strategy of UHV DC transmission[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2008.
[4]傅伯雄.风力发电并网低/高电压穿越技术的研究[D].石家庄:河北科技大学,2015.FU Boxiong. Research on low/high voltage ride-through technology for wind power grid-connected[D]. Shijiazhuang:Hebei University of Science and Technology,2015.
[5]屠竞哲,张健,曾兵,等.直流换相失败及恢复过程暂态无功特性及控制参数影响[J].高电压技术,2017,43(7):2131-2138.TU Jingzhe,ZHANG Jian,ZENG Bing,et al. Transient reactive power characteristics and control parameters of DC commutation failure and recovery process[J]. High Voltage Technology,2017,43(7):2131-2138.
[6]陈仕龙,荣俊香,毕贵红,等.整流侧控制方式对特高压直流输电系统换相失败影响研究[J].中国电力,2015,48(7):1-7.CHEN Shilong,RONG Junxiang,BI Guihong,et al. Study on the influence of rectifier side control mode on commutation failure of UHV DC transmission system[J]. China Electric Power,2015,48(7):1-7.
[7]李亚男,卢亚军,刘心旸,等.逆变侧控制策略对换相失败的影响及恢复特性优化研究[J].电力建设,2015,36(9):112-116.LI Yanan,LU Yajun,LIU Xinxi,et al. Study on the influence of inverter control strategy on commutation failure and optimization of recovery characteristics[J]. Electric Power Construction,2015,36(9):112-116.
[8]袁阳,卫志农,雷霄,等.直流输电系统换相失败研究综述[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(11):140-147.YUAN Yang,WEI Zhinong,LEI Wei,et al. Review of research on commutation failure of HVDC transmission system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(11):140-147.
[9]洪潮.直流输电系统换相失败和功率恢复特性的工程实例仿真分析[J].南方电网技术,2011,5(1):1-7.HONG Chao. Engineering example simulation analysis of commutation failure and power recovery characteristics of HVDC transmission system[J]. China Southern Power Grid Technology,2011,5(1):1-7.
[10]李新年,陈树勇,庞广恒,等.华东多直流馈入系统换相失败预防和自动恢复能力的优化[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(6):134-140.LI Xinnian,CHEN Shuyong,PANG Guangheng,et al. Optimization of commutation failure prevention and automatic recovery capability of east China multi-DC feeding system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(6):134-140.
[11]李峰,李兴源.特高压直流输电相关问题的综述[J].四川电力技术,2006,29(6):13-19.LI Feng,LI Xingyuan. A summary of issues related to UHVDC transmission[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2006,29(6):13-19.
[12]徐鹏,赵成勇,曹雅榕.一种典型混联直流输电系统的运行特性分析[J].电力工程技术,2018,37(5):148-154.XU Peng,ZHAO Chengyong,CAO Yarong. Analysis on operating characteristic for a typical hybrid HVDC transmission system[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology,2018,37(5):148-154.
[13]惠慧.高压直流输电系统的仿真建模[D].北京:华北电力大学,2009:6-7.HUI Hui. Simulation modeling of HVDC transmission system[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2009:6-7.
[14]赵琳,叶丽雅,杨勇,等. 550 k V GIS隔离开关操作引起特快速瞬态过电压仿真研究[J].浙江电力,2018,37(12):86-92.ZHAO Lin,YE Liya,YANG Yong,et al. Simulation study on very fast transient overvoltage during operation of 550 k V GIS disconnector[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2018,37(12):86-92.
[15]童凯,宣佳卓,许烽,等.浙江电网特高压直流输电工程保护闭锁策略[J].浙江电力,2018,37(2):31-35.TONG Kai,XUAN Jiazhuo,XU Feng,et al. Protection locking strategy of Zhejiang UHVDC transmission project[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2018,37(2):31-35.
[16]汪剑峰,康龙.特高压直流故障下的负荷控制精准度研究[J].浙江电力,2018,37(3):22-25.WANG Jianfeng,KANG Long. Research on load control precision under UHVDC faults[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power,2018,37(3):22-25.
[17]蒋道宇.高压直流输电系统部分直流控制保护策略分析与优化[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011:13-18.JIANG Daoyu. Analysis and optimization of partial DC control protection strategy for HVDC transmission system[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011:13-18.
[18]黄梦华,汪娟娟.低压限流环节优化控制策略综述[J].广东电力技术,2018,31(10):10-19.HUANG Menghua,WANG Juanjuan. Overview of optimal control strategy for low-voltage current limiting[J]. Guangdong Electric Power Technology,2018,31(10):10-19.
[19]王晶.高压直流输电典型故障控制保护策略的研究[J].北京:华北电力大学,2018:9-14.WANG Jing. Research on typical fault control and protection strategy of HVDC transmission[J]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2018:9-14.
[20]谢华,姜崇学,赵青春,等.含柔性直流输电系统的交流线路保护适应性分析[J].供用电,2017,34(8):17-22.XIE Hua,JIANG ChongXue,ZHAO Qingchun,et al. Adaptability analysis of AC line protection with flexible HVDC transmission system[J]. Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(8):17-22.
[21]陈大鹏,于海,于锋,等.特高压直流工程控制与保护系统内嵌式暂态数据录波方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(17):125-130.CHEN Dapeng,YU Hai,YU Feng,et al. Embedded transient data recording scheme for UHVDC project control and protection system[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(17):125-130.
[22]陈文滨.特高压直流输电系统故障恢复特性的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2010:9-21.CHEN Wenbin. Research on fault recovery characteristics of UHV DC transmission system[J]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2010:9-21.
[23]王少辉,唐飞,刘涤尘,等.应对多直流同时换相失败的直流功率能量补偿调制方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(9):2876-2884.WANG Shaohui,TANG Fei,LIU Dichen,et al. A DC power energy compensation modulation method for multi-DC simultaneous commutation failure[J]. Power Grid Technology,2018,42(9):2876-2884.
[24]赵畹君.高压直流输电工程技术[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2010.ZHAO Wanjun. HVDC power transmission engineering technology[M]. Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2010.
[25]洪潮.馈入弱交流系统的直流输电换相失败恢复特性对输电能力的影响分析[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(3):6-13.HONG Chao. Analysis of the influence of recovery characteristics of HVDC commutation failure on feeding capacity of weak AC system[J]. South China Power Grid Technology,2017,11(3):6-13.
[26]艾飞. HVDC换相失败判据及恢复策略的研究[J].四川电力技术,2008,31(4):10-13.AI Fei. Research on HVDC commutation failure criterion and recovery strategy[J]. Sichuan Electric Power Technology,2008,31(4):10-13.