特高压多回路钢管塔体型系数风洞试验研究
|
摘要
输电线路杆塔是一类典型的风敏感结构,准确估计输电塔上的风荷载显得尤为重要。体型系数是计算输电塔风荷载的重要参数,通过应用高频测力天平技术,以某1 000 k V输电线路为工程背景,设计制作了塔身和横担的刚性节段模型并进行了风洞试验,得到了作用在塔身和横担上的风荷载体型系数,并将试验结果与国内外相应的荷载设计标准进行比较,研究了角度风荷载的分配问题。研究结果表明:15°和75°是输电塔塔身的最不利风向角; 85°～90°是横担的最不利风向角。试验得到的塔身的体型系数比相应的荷载设计标准给出的值小,横担的试验值与国外相应的荷载设计标准值较接近,但比我国的大。因此,建议我国相应的荷载设计标准在计算角度风荷载时,适当放大横担的体型系数,并重新考虑最不利风向角的选取。
Transmission towers are typical wind sensitive structures,the accurate estimation of wind load on transmission towers is quite important. Shape coefficient is an important parameter in the wind load estimation. Based on the high frequency force balance technique and a 1 000 kV transmission project,several rigid segmental models of the tower and cross arms were designed,manufactured and then tested in wind tunnel. The obtained wind load shape coefficients were compared with the values in standards at home and abroad. Besides,the distribution of the wind load in various directions was studied. The results showed that 15° and 75° were the most critical wind direction for the tower body while 85° ～ 90° were the most critical wind direction for the cross arm. The shape coefficient of the tower body in test was smaller than those in standards while the shape coefficient of the cross arm was close to foreign standards and larger than domestic standards. So a proper larger shape coefficient and more exact critical wind direction of the cross arm were proposed in the calculation of wind load.
Transmission towers are typical wind sensitive structures,the accurate estimation of wind load on transmission towers is quite important. Shape coefficient is an important parameter in the wind load estimation. Based on the high frequency force balance technique and a 1 000 kV transmission project,several rigid segmental models of the tower and cross arms were designed,manufactured and then tested in wind tunnel. The obtained wind load shape coefficients were compared with the values in standards at home and abroad. Besides,the distribution of the wind load in various directions was studied. The results showed that 15° and 75° were the most critical wind direction for the tower body while 85° ～ 90° were the most critical wind direction for the cross arm. The shape coefficient of the tower body in test was smaller than those in standards while the shape coefficient of the cross arm was close to foreign standards and larger than domestic standards. So a proper larger shape coefficient and more exact critical wind direction of the cross arm were proposed in the calculation of wind load.
引文
[1]韩枫,肖正直,李正良,等.1 000 kV汉江大跨越输电塔线体系三维脉动风场模拟[J].高电压技术,2009,35(5):999-1004.
[2]谢强,李杰.电力系统自然灾害的现状与对策[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(4):126-131.
[3]谢强,张勇,李杰.华东电网500 kV任上5237线飑线风致倒塔事故调查分析[J].电网技术,2006,30(10):59-63.
[4]张志劲,司马文霞,蒋兴良,等.超/特高压输电线路雷电绕击防护性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(10):1-6.
[5]屈靖,郭剑波.“九五”期间我国电网事故统计分析[J].电网技术,2004,28(21):60-62.
[6]汪之松,李正良,肖正直,等.1 000 kV双回路特高压输电塔顺风向等效静风荷载研究[J].电网技术,2009,33(14):6-11.
[7]JR C F C,ISYUMOV N,BRASIL R M L R F.Experimental Study of the Wind Forces on Rectangular Latticed Communication Towers with Antennas[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,2003,91(8):1007-1022.
[8]BAYAR D C.Drag Coefficients of Latticed Towers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1986,112(2):417-430.
[9]HUANG M F,LOU W J,YANG L,et al.Experimental and Computational Simulation for Wind Effects on the Zhoushan Transmission Towers[J].Structure&Infrastructure Engineering,2012,8(8):781-799.
[10]邓洪洲,张建明,帅群,等.输电钢管塔体型系数风洞试验研究[J].电网技术,2010(9):190-194.
[11]沈国辉,项国通,邢月龙,等.2种风场下格构式圆钢塔的天平测力试验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2014,48(4):704-710.
[12]张庆华,马文勇.多回路高压输电塔典型横担结构风力系数风洞试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(16):158-163.
[13]国家能源局.架空输电线路杆塔结构设计技术规定:DL/T5154-2012[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2012.
[14]YANG F,YANG J,NIU H,et al.Design Wind Loads for Tubular-Angle Steel Cross-Arms of Transmission Towers Under Skewed Wind Loading[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,2015,140:10-18.
[15]杨风利.角钢输电铁塔横担角度风荷载系数取值研究[J].工程力学,2017,34(4):150-159.
[16]SIMIU E,SCANLAN R H.Wind Effects on Structures:an Introduction to Wind Engineering[M].Chichester:John Wiley,1978.
[17]屈讼昭.国内外输电塔风荷载技术标准比较分析[J].电力建设,2013,34(5):22-29.
[18]ASCE.Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading:ASCE-74[S].Washington D:American Society of Civil Engineers,2009.
[19]IEC.Design Criteria of Overhead Transmission Lines:IEC 60826[S].Geneva:International Electrical Commission,2003.
[20]ECES.Overhead Electrical Lines Exceeding AC 1 kV:BSEN 50341-1[S].Brussels:European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization,2012.
[21]JEC.Design Standards on Structures for Transmissions:JEC-127-1979[S].Tokyo:Japanese Electrotechnical Committee,1979.
[2]谢强,李杰.电力系统自然灾害的现状与对策[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(4):126-131.
[3]谢强,张勇,李杰.华东电网500 kV任上5237线飑线风致倒塔事故调查分析[J].电网技术,2006,30(10):59-63.
[4]张志劲,司马文霞,蒋兴良,等.超/特高压输电线路雷电绕击防护性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(10):1-6.
[5]屈靖,郭剑波.“九五”期间我国电网事故统计分析[J].电网技术,2004,28(21):60-62.
[6]汪之松,李正良,肖正直,等.1 000 kV双回路特高压输电塔顺风向等效静风荷载研究[J].电网技术,2009,33(14):6-11.
[7]JR C F C,ISYUMOV N,BRASIL R M L R F.Experimental Study of the Wind Forces on Rectangular Latticed Communication Towers with Antennas[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,2003,91(8):1007-1022.
[8]BAYAR D C.Drag Coefficients of Latticed Towers[J].Journal of Structural Engineering,1986,112(2):417-430.
[9]HUANG M F,LOU W J,YANG L,et al.Experimental and Computational Simulation for Wind Effects on the Zhoushan Transmission Towers[J].Structure&Infrastructure Engineering,2012,8(8):781-799.
[10]邓洪洲,张建明,帅群,等.输电钢管塔体型系数风洞试验研究[J].电网技术,2010(9):190-194.
[11]沈国辉,项国通,邢月龙,等.2种风场下格构式圆钢塔的天平测力试验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2014,48(4):704-710.
[12]张庆华,马文勇.多回路高压输电塔典型横担结构风力系数风洞试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2016,35(16):158-163.
[13]国家能源局.架空输电线路杆塔结构设计技术规定:DL/T5154-2012[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2012.
[14]YANG F,YANG J,NIU H,et al.Design Wind Loads for Tubular-Angle Steel Cross-Arms of Transmission Towers Under Skewed Wind Loading[J].Journal of Wind Engineering&Industrial Aerodynamics,2015,140:10-18.
[15]杨风利.角钢输电铁塔横担角度风荷载系数取值研究[J].工程力学,2017,34(4):150-159.
[16]SIMIU E,SCANLAN R H.Wind Effects on Structures:an Introduction to Wind Engineering[M].Chichester:John Wiley,1978.
[17]屈讼昭.国内外输电塔风荷载技术标准比较分析[J].电力建设,2013,34(5):22-29.
[18]ASCE.Guidelines for Electrical Transmission Line Structural Loading:ASCE-74[S].Washington D:American Society of Civil Engineers,2009.
[19]IEC.Design Criteria of Overhead Transmission Lines:IEC 60826[S].Geneva:International Electrical Commission,2003.
[20]ECES.Overhead Electrical Lines Exceeding AC 1 kV:BSEN 50341-1[S].Brussels:European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization,2012.
[21]JEC.Design Standards on Structures for Transmissions:JEC-127-1979[S].Tokyo:Japanese Electrotechnical Committee,1979.