航空钛合金管件端口电磁校形技术
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摘要
航空钛合金管件在制造应用时需要管件端口夹持和焊接,往往导致管件端口变形严重,影响后续的加工与连接。采用电磁成形方法,对TC4管件进行管件端口校形实验。应用Ansoft Maxwell有限元软件,对放电电流、磁场和电磁力大小、分布进行研究,将仿真结果与实验结果进行比较分析,结果表明:线圈匝数影响放电回路峰值及震荡频率,进而影响电磁校形效果,选择合理的线圈匝数有利于提高校形效率;最大径向磁压力与线圈匝数成反比,线圈匝数增加,校形后最大变形量减少,管件端口变形更加均匀;铁芯位于线圈中时,线圈自感系数增大,导致放电回路电流峰值下降,放电周期延长,在未达到铁芯饱和磁通时,铁芯的增加可以显著提高电磁力,改善钛管端口电磁校形精度。
The aviation titanium alloy pipe fittings need to clamp and weld the pipe ports because of their manufacturing applications,which often results in serious deformation of the fittings and influences the subsequent processing and connection. For this reason,the pipe alignment of TC4 pipe fittings is carried out by electromagnetic forming method. Ansoft Maxwell finite element analysis software was used to study the current and electromagnetic force distribution.Then the simulation results are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the coil turns affect the peak value and oscillation frequency of the discharge circuit,and then affect the electromagnetic correction effect. Choosing the proper number of turns is helpful to improve the shape correction efficiency The maximum radial magnetic pressure is inversely proportional to the number of turns of the coil. The number of turns increases,the maximum deformation after the correction is reduced,and the deformation of the pipe end is more uniform. The increase of the iron core causes the inductance coefficient of the coil to increase,resulting in a decrease in the peak current of the discharge circuit and an extension of the discharge period. When the saturation flux of the iron core is not reached,the increase of the iron core improves the electromagnetic force to a certain extent,and remarkably improves the electromagnetic correction accuracy of the port of the titanium tube.
The aviation titanium alloy pipe fittings need to clamp and weld the pipe ports because of their manufacturing applications,which often results in serious deformation of the fittings and influences the subsequent processing and connection. For this reason,the pipe alignment of TC4 pipe fittings is carried out by electromagnetic forming method. Ansoft Maxwell finite element analysis software was used to study the current and electromagnetic force distribution.Then the simulation results are compared with the experimental results. The results show that the coil turns affect the peak value and oscillation frequency of the discharge circuit,and then affect the electromagnetic correction effect. Choosing the proper number of turns is helpful to improve the shape correction efficiency The maximum radial magnetic pressure is inversely proportional to the number of turns of the coil. The number of turns increases,the maximum deformation after the correction is reduced,and the deformation of the pipe end is more uniform. The increase of the iron core causes the inductance coefficient of the coil to increase,resulting in a decrease in the peak current of the discharge circuit and an extension of the discharge period. When the saturation flux of the iron core is not reached,the increase of the iron core improves the electromagnetic force to a certain extent,and remarkably improves the electromagnetic correction accuracy of the port of the titanium tube.
引文
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[2]DAEHN G S,VOHNOUT V J,DUBOIS L. Improved forma-bility with electromagnetic forming:fundamentals and a prac-tical example[C]//Minerals,Metals and Materials Soci-ety/AIME,Sheet Metal Forming Technology(USA),Mar1999:105-115.
[3]SETH M,VOHNOUT V J,DAEHN G S. Formability of steelsheet in high velocity impact[J]. Journal of Materials Pro-cessing Technology,2005,168(3):390-400.
[4]黄霞.管件电磁成形变形分析及放电能量预测[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006:42-46.
[5]聂鹏,孙圣朋.基于电磁成形技术管件受力及系统放电回路的研究[J].航空精密制造技术,2015,30(4):5-9.
[6]于云程,李春峰,江洪伟,等.管件端口电磁校形的实验研究[J].锻压技术,2005,61(4):9-12.
[7] SRINIVASAN S. A simulation perspective ondimensionalcontrol and formability in impact forming[D].Columbus,O-hio:Ohio State University,2010:35-45.
[8]池博源,应之丁,陈树君,等.铝板电磁焊接过程中洛伦兹力的三维仿真研究[J].热加工工艺,2015,47(3):232-235.
[9]YU H,LI C. Finite element analysis of free expansion of alu-minum alloy tube under magnetic pressure[J]. Transactionsof the Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,15(5):1040-1044.
[10]何文治.管件电磁缩径成形仿真分析及工艺参数设计[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2011:40-48.
[11]周立军.电磁成形机成形效率的影响[J].机电工程.1994,48(4)19-21.
[12]盛新庆.电磁理论、计算、应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2016:3-4.
[13]XU W,FANG H Y,CAO J,et al. Parametric effect of largeimpulse current excited coil on electromagnetic force incoil-sheet system[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals So-ciety of China,2009,(19):806-810.
[14]李春峰.高速率成形技术[M]北京:国防工业出版社,2001:60-75.