单晶铁金属表面污染物的激光烧蚀机理
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摘要
激光惯性约束核聚变装置中要求光学元件能够承受极高的激光通量,因此对装置内部洁净度有很高的要求.研究表明装置内部的颗粒污染物主要来源于装置内的机械结构件,杂散光作用下机械结构件表面的损伤将产生颗粒污染物.精密金属构件的激光诱导损伤问题是制约高功率激光装置超洁净制造的重要因素.由于机械结构件表面不可避免地存在污染物,因此本文基于传统的分子动力学能量耦合方式,模拟了激光与表面吸附污染物单晶铁的相互作用过程,探讨了铁材料在激光作用下的烧蚀行为,并分析了激光加载方式和激光能量密度对铁材料烧蚀的作用情况,对比研究了材料表面有无污染物对材料烧蚀的影响情况.研究表明:激光作用下铁材料表面原子在污染物原子的剧烈碰撞下呈现出不同的运动状态;激光能量瞬时加载时更容易烧蚀铁材料;当激光能量密度低于0.0064 J/cm~2时,将去除铁材料表面的污染物并不会对铁材料产生烧蚀现象,进一步分析表明铁材料表面吸附污染物时更容易被激光烧蚀.研究结果可为提高高功率激光装置的内部洁净度、实现系统超洁净控制提供理论依据.
The laser induced damage in high-power laser system has received much attention in the area of laser engineering.Optical components with contaminants, which are installed in the final optical assembly(FOA), can be severely damaged under the action of extremely high laser energy. So the ultra-high cleanliness inside the high-energy laser system is required for both optical and mechanical components. Research shows that a large part of the metal particulate contaminants inside the device come from the mechanical components. The metal particulate contaminants are produced when mechanical structure surface is damaged under the irradiation of stray light. However the research about the cleanliness inside the device is mostly concentrated on the surfaces of optical components currently. The laser ablation of the mechanical components absorbing contaminants is studied little, so it is quite important to investigate the ablation mechanism of mechanical components under laser irradiation. Due to the presence of contaminants on the surfaces of mechanical components, laser ablation of monocrystalline iron absorbing contaminants is investigated by using molecular dynamics simulation. The ablation process of iron material under laser irradiation is presented. The influences of loading mode and energy density of laser as well as contamination on the surface are analyzed in the ablation process of monocrystalline iron. The results indicate that the surface atoms of monocrystalline iron show different motion states under the violent collision of contaminants atoms after laser loading. Ablated iron can be divided into ablation zone,melting zone and crystal zone according to the variation of the temperature and mass density of the atoms in each region of the ablated material. The atoms in each region show macroscopic characteristics of gaseous, liquid and solid atoms respectively. Iron is damaged more easily when laser energy is instantaneously loaded. Contaminants on the surface of iron can be removed, and iron cannot be damaged when laser energy density is below 0.0064 J/cm~2. The result of the analysis shows that the presence of contaminants makes the ablation of iron easier. Different energy loading modes affect the heat transfer mode directly. Monocrystalline iron materials are more likely to be damaged in the mode of adiabatic laser ablation in the case of short laser pulse. Thermal effect can be thought as a dominant factor for the ablation in the case of long laser pulse. The research results of this paper are helpful for providing the theoretical basis for improving the cleanliness of high-power laser system.
The laser induced damage in high-power laser system has received much attention in the area of laser engineering.Optical components with contaminants, which are installed in the final optical assembly(FOA), can be severely damaged under the action of extremely high laser energy. So the ultra-high cleanliness inside the high-energy laser system is required for both optical and mechanical components. Research shows that a large part of the metal particulate contaminants inside the device come from the mechanical components. The metal particulate contaminants are produced when mechanical structure surface is damaged under the irradiation of stray light. However the research about the cleanliness inside the device is mostly concentrated on the surfaces of optical components currently. The laser ablation of the mechanical components absorbing contaminants is studied little, so it is quite important to investigate the ablation mechanism of mechanical components under laser irradiation. Due to the presence of contaminants on the surfaces of mechanical components, laser ablation of monocrystalline iron absorbing contaminants is investigated by using molecular dynamics simulation. The ablation process of iron material under laser irradiation is presented. The influences of loading mode and energy density of laser as well as contamination on the surface are analyzed in the ablation process of monocrystalline iron. The results indicate that the surface atoms of monocrystalline iron show different motion states under the violent collision of contaminants atoms after laser loading. Ablated iron can be divided into ablation zone,melting zone and crystal zone according to the variation of the temperature and mass density of the atoms in each region of the ablated material. The atoms in each region show macroscopic characteristics of gaseous, liquid and solid atoms respectively. Iron is damaged more easily when laser energy is instantaneously loaded. Contaminants on the surface of iron can be removed, and iron cannot be damaged when laser energy density is below 0.0064 J/cm~2. The result of the analysis shows that the presence of contaminants makes the ablation of iron easier. Different energy loading modes affect the heat transfer mode directly. Monocrystalline iron materials are more likely to be damaged in the mode of adiabatic laser ablation in the case of short laser pulse. Thermal effect can be thought as a dominant factor for the ablation in the case of long laser pulse. The research results of this paper are helpful for providing the theoretical basis for improving the cleanliness of high-power laser system.
引文
[1] Hossain M I, Alharbi F H 2013 Mater. Technol. 28 88
[2] Moses E I 2010 IEEE T. Plasma Sci. 38 684
[3] Cavailler C 2005 Plasma Phys. Contr. F. 47 B389
[4] Palmier S, Rullier J L, Capoulade J, Natoli J Y 2008Appl. Optics 47 1164
[5] Bude J, Miller P, Baxamusa S, Shen N, Laurence T,Steele W, Suratwala T, Wong L, Carr W, Cross D, Monticelli M 2014 Opt. Express 22 5839
[6] Bai Q S, Guo Y B, Chen J X, Lu L H, Zhang Q C, Zhang F H, Zhao H, Yuan X D, Liang Y C 2016 Chin. J. Mech.Eng. 52 145(in Chinese)[白清顺,郭永博,陈家轩,卢礼华,张庆春,张飞虎,赵航,袁晓东,梁迎春2016机械工程学报52 145]
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[8] Li D M, Sun X Q, Ye Z Y, Zhu Z K 2013 Vacuum and Cryogenics 4 203(in Chinese)[李丹明,孙小菁,叶自煜,朱忠奎2013真空与低温4 203]
[9] Raman R N, Demos S G, Shen N, Feigenbaum E, Negres R A, Elhadj S, Alexander M, Rubenchik A M, Matthews M J 2016 Optics Express 24 2634
[10] Bude J, Carr C W, Cross D, et al 2017 Opt. Express 2511414
[11] Manenkov A A 2013 Optical Engineering 53 010901
[12] Xue Q X, Jiang S E, Wang Z B, Wang F, Zhao X Q, Yi A P, Ding Y K, Liu J R 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 045202(in Chinese)[薛全喜,江少恩,王哲斌,王峰,赵学庆,易爱平,丁永坤,刘晶儒2018物理学报67 045202]
[13] Suratwala T I, Miller P E, Bude J D, Steele R A, Shen N, Monticelli M V, Feit M D, Laurence T A, Norton M A, Carr C W, Wong L L 2011 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94416
[14] Bude J, Miller P, Baxamusa S, Shen N, Laurence T,Steele W, Suratwala T, Wong L, Carr W, Cross D, Monticelli M 2014 Opt. Express 22 5839
[15] Bass I L, Guss G M, Nostrand M J, Wegner P L 2010Laser-Induced Damage in Optical Materials, International Society for Optics and Photon(Boulder:SPIE)p784220
[16] Bertussi B, Cormont P, Palmier S, Legros P, Rullier J L 2009 Opt. Express 17 11469
[17] Han W, Feng B, Zheng K X, Zhu Q H, Zheng W G,Gong M L 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 246102(in Chinese)[韩伟,冯斌,郑奎兴,朱启华,郑万国,巩马理2016物理学报65 246102]
[18] Chambonneau M, Chanal M, Reyne S, Duchateau G,Natoli J Y, Lamaignere L 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 1463
[19] Feigenbaum E, Raman R N, Cross D, Carr C W,Matthews M J 2016 Opt. Express 24 10527
[20] Rajgarhia R K, Spearot D E, Saxena A 2009 Comp.Mater. Sci. 44 1258
[21] Alvarez M, Lomba E, Martin C, Lombardero M 1995 J.Chem. Phys. 103 3680
[22] Khosroshahia M E, Pour F A, Hadavi M, Mahmoodi M2010 Appl. Surf. Sci. 256 7421
[23] Hirayama Y, Atanasov P A, Obara M, Nedialkov N N,Imamova S E 2006 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45 792
[24] Miao X X, Yuan X D, LüH B, Cheng X F, Zheng W G,Zhou G R 2015 Chinese J. of Lasers 42 1(in Chinese)[苗心向,袁晓东,吕海兵,程晓锋,郑万国,周国瑞2015中国激光42 1]
[2] Moses E I 2010 IEEE T. Plasma Sci. 38 684
[3] Cavailler C 2005 Plasma Phys. Contr. F. 47 B389
[4] Palmier S, Rullier J L, Capoulade J, Natoli J Y 2008Appl. Optics 47 1164
[5] Bude J, Miller P, Baxamusa S, Shen N, Laurence T,Steele W, Suratwala T, Wong L, Carr W, Cross D, Monticelli M 2014 Opt. Express 22 5839
[6] Bai Q S, Guo Y B, Chen J X, Lu L H, Zhang Q C, Zhang F H, Zhao H, Yuan X D, Liang Y C 2016 Chin. J. Mech.Eng. 52 145(in Chinese)[白清顺,郭永博,陈家轩,卢礼华,张庆春,张飞虎,赵航,袁晓东,梁迎春2016机械工程学报52 145]
[7] Spaeth M L, Manes K R, Honig J 2016 Fusion Sci. Technol. 69 250
[8] Li D M, Sun X Q, Ye Z Y, Zhu Z K 2013 Vacuum and Cryogenics 4 203(in Chinese)[李丹明,孙小菁,叶自煜,朱忠奎2013真空与低温4 203]
[9] Raman R N, Demos S G, Shen N, Feigenbaum E, Negres R A, Elhadj S, Alexander M, Rubenchik A M, Matthews M J 2016 Optics Express 24 2634
[10] Bude J, Carr C W, Cross D, et al 2017 Opt. Express 2511414
[11] Manenkov A A 2013 Optical Engineering 53 010901
[12] Xue Q X, Jiang S E, Wang Z B, Wang F, Zhao X Q, Yi A P, Ding Y K, Liu J R 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 045202(in Chinese)[薛全喜,江少恩,王哲斌,王峰,赵学庆,易爱平,丁永坤,刘晶儒2018物理学报67 045202]
[13] Suratwala T I, Miller P E, Bude J D, Steele R A, Shen N, Monticelli M V, Feit M D, Laurence T A, Norton M A, Carr C W, Wong L L 2011 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94416
[14] Bude J, Miller P, Baxamusa S, Shen N, Laurence T,Steele W, Suratwala T, Wong L, Carr W, Cross D, Monticelli M 2014 Opt. Express 22 5839
[15] Bass I L, Guss G M, Nostrand M J, Wegner P L 2010Laser-Induced Damage in Optical Materials, International Society for Optics and Photon(Boulder:SPIE)p784220
[16] Bertussi B, Cormont P, Palmier S, Legros P, Rullier J L 2009 Opt. Express 17 11469
[17] Han W, Feng B, Zheng K X, Zhu Q H, Zheng W G,Gong M L 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 246102(in Chinese)[韩伟,冯斌,郑奎兴,朱启华,郑万国,巩马理2016物理学报65 246102]
[18] Chambonneau M, Chanal M, Reyne S, Duchateau G,Natoli J Y, Lamaignere L 2015 Appl. Opt. 54 1463
[19] Feigenbaum E, Raman R N, Cross D, Carr C W,Matthews M J 2016 Opt. Express 24 10527
[20] Rajgarhia R K, Spearot D E, Saxena A 2009 Comp.Mater. Sci. 44 1258
[21] Alvarez M, Lomba E, Martin C, Lombardero M 1995 J.Chem. Phys. 103 3680
[22] Khosroshahia M E, Pour F A, Hadavi M, Mahmoodi M2010 Appl. Surf. Sci. 256 7421
[23] Hirayama Y, Atanasov P A, Obara M, Nedialkov N N,Imamova S E 2006 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45 792
[24] Miao X X, Yuan X D, LüH B, Cheng X F, Zheng W G,Zhou G R 2015 Chinese J. of Lasers 42 1(in Chinese)[苗心向,袁晓东,吕海兵,程晓锋,郑万国,周国瑞2015中国激光42 1]