激光聚变冲击波被动式测速光学系统设计
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摘要
针对激光聚变装置冲击波速度被动测量的需求,设计了一种测速光学系统。采用高紫外透过率的氟化玻璃,实现了透射式300～800nm复消色差设计。系统光路具有前后两组镜头,中间为平行光,镜头间距可变,光路适应能力强。系统前端两侧的双目机器视觉能够完成自动寻的。平行光路中设置5个激光器,轴上的1个前向照明靶点用来观察条纹相机狭缝处的目标像质,轴外的4个与光轴平行后向传输用来标识系统光轴的位置,激光器部件可电动切入/切出。系统前组镜头F/#数为4,宽谱工作物方分辨率优于10μm,532nm单波长工作物方分辨优于5μm。该光学系统光路排布灵活,可单独被动测速,也可与主动测速系统VISAR耦合构成主被一体复合测速系统,满足激光聚变装置冲击波测速的需求。
To meet the increasing demands of Inertial Confinement Fusion(ICF)shock velocity passive measurement,an optical collection system was designed.The 300—800 nm apochromatic optical system was designed using fluoride optical glasses,which have high transmission in the ultraviolet band.The imaging system has two lenses.The light beams between the two lenses were parallel,and the distance between the lenses could be varied to meet the size demands for different assembly positions.The machine visions on both sides of the first lens permit the system to achieve automatic homing.Five parallel laser beams were produced with one of them being on axis and lighting the target to obtain a clear image on the slit of the streak camera,and the other four surrounding the axis,lighting the second lens and focused on the imaging plane.The position of the separated optical elements present after the second lens can be easily fixed with the focusing lasers.The five laser beams can be terminated or turned on automatically.The first lens has an aperture of F/#4.0,and the collection system has a 10μm object space resolution in 300—800 nm,and a 5μm object space resolution in 532 nm.This optical system can passively measure the shock velocity by collecting the spectral radiance of the target.It can also act as the common path to transmit the probe laser and receive the Doppler-shift singles of VISAR simultaneously.This optical system could meet the demand of measuring the ICF shock velocity.
To meet the increasing demands of Inertial Confinement Fusion(ICF)shock velocity passive measurement,an optical collection system was designed.The 300—800 nm apochromatic optical system was designed using fluoride optical glasses,which have high transmission in the ultraviolet band.The imaging system has two lenses.The light beams between the two lenses were parallel,and the distance between the lenses could be varied to meet the size demands for different assembly positions.The machine visions on both sides of the first lens permit the system to achieve automatic homing.Five parallel laser beams were produced with one of them being on axis and lighting the target to obtain a clear image on the slit of the streak camera,and the other four surrounding the axis,lighting the second lens and focused on the imaging plane.The position of the separated optical elements present after the second lens can be easily fixed with the focusing lasers.The five laser beams can be terminated or turned on automatically.The first lens has an aperture of F/#4.0,and the collection system has a 10μm object space resolution in 300—800 nm,and a 5μm object space resolution in 532 nm.This optical system can passively measure the shock velocity by collecting the spectral radiance of the target.It can also act as the common path to transmit the probe laser and receive the Doppler-shift singles of VISAR simultaneously.This optical system could meet the demand of measuring the ICF shock velocity.
引文
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[14]闫亚东,张法全,何俊华,等.神光-Ⅲ原型装置用速度干涉仪的光学系统设计[J].光学精密工程,2010,18(11):2355-2361.YAN Y D,ZHANG F Q,HE J H,et al..Design of VISAR optical system for Shen-Guang-Ⅲprototype[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2010,18(11):2355-2361.(in Chinese)
[15]王维,何俊华,张敏,等.物理诊断设备精确自动准直方法[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(3):901-905.WANG W,HE J H,ZHANG M,et al..Automatic alignment method for diagnostic instrument[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(3):901-905.(in Chinese)
[16]杨景豪,刘崴,刘阳,等.双目立体视觉测量系统的标定[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(2):300-308.YANG J H,LIU W,LIU Y,et al..Calibration of binocular vision measurement system[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2016,24(2):300-308.(in Chinese)
[17]霍炬,张贵阳,崔家山,等.测量误差不确定性加权的立体视觉位姿估计目标函数[J].光学精密工程,2018,26(4):834-842.HUO W,ZHANG G Y,CUI J SH,et al..A objective function with measuring error uncertainty weighted for estimation in stereo vision[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2018,26(4):834-842.(in Chinese)
[2]江少恩,李三伟.辐射温度与其驱动Al冲击波速度的定标关系研究[J].物理学报,2009,58(12):8440-8447.JIANG SH E,LI S W.Investigation of scaling laws of radiation temperate with shock wave velocity in Al[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2009,58(12):8440-8447.(in Chinese)
[3]贺芝宇,周华珍,黄秀光,等.激光加载下铝材料的冲击温度测量[J].强激光与粒子束,2016,28(4):0420022-0420028.HE ZH Y,ZHOU H ZH,HUANG X G,et al..Measurements of aluminum shock temperature on SG-Ⅱhigh-power laser facility[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2016,28(4):0420022-0420028.(in Chinese)
[4]章欢,王哲斌,杨冬,等.被动式冲击波速度数据处理技术[J].核电子学与探测技术,2013,33(1):13-18.ZHANG H,WANG ZH B,YANG D,et al..Automatic data processing technique for passive shock wave velocity measurement[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2013,33(1):13-18.(in Chinese)
[5]王哲斌,蒋小华,李三伟,等.辐射驱动冲击波速度被动式测量[J].强激光与粒子束,2013,25(2):375-380.WANG ZH B,JIANG X H,LI S W,et al..Passive measurement of radiation driven shock velocity[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2013,25(2):375-380.(in Chinese)
[6]MILLER J E,BOEHLY T R,MELCHIOR A,et al..Streaked optical pyrometer system for laserdriven shock-wave experiments on OMEGA[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2007,78:0349031-0349037.
[7]闫亚东,孙策,何俊华,等.激光核聚变中冲击波观测镜密封结构改进设计[J].润滑与密封,2007,32(8):118-120.YAN Y D,SUN C,HE J H,et al..The improved design of hermetically sealed construction for shock wave viewing lensused in laser fusion[J].Lubrication Engneering,2007,32(8):118-139.(in Chinese)
[8]闫亚东,董晓娜,何俊华,等.激光靶心冲击波观测镜折反式光学系统设计[J].光子学报,2008,37(3):513-517.YAN Y D,DONG X N,HE J H,et al..Design of a catadioptric system for laser bull seye observation lens[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2008,37(3):513-517.(in Chinese)
[9]闫亚东,陈良益,吴国俊,等.激光靶散射光观测镜杂散光抑制研究[J].光电工程,2008,35(6):54-58.YAN Y D,CHEN L Y,WU G J,et al..Study of stray light reduction for laser target scattered light observation lens[J].Opto-Electronic Engineering,2008,35(6):54-58.(in Chinese)
[10]闫亚东,卢卫涛,董晓娜,等.神光-Ⅲ主机汤姆逊散射诊断收光系统设计[J].光学学报,2011,31(6):06110021-06110025.YAN Y D,LU W T,DONG X N,et al..Design of collective optic system for Thomson scattering measurements on ShenguangⅢFacility[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2011,31(6):06110021-06110025.(in Chinese)
[11]MALONE R M,FROGGET B C,KAUFMANM,et al..Design of an imaging VISAR diagnostic for the National Ignition Facility(NIF)[J].SPIE,2003,5173:26-37.
[12]MANUEL A M,MILLOT M,SEPPALA L G,et al..Upgrades to the VISAR Streaked Optical Pyrometer(SOP)system on NIF[J].SPIE,2016,9591:9591043-9591048.
[13]闫亚东.成像型双灵敏度VISAR关键技术研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2008.YAN Y D.Key Technical Researches on Double Sensitivity Imaging VISAR[D].Beijing:Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2008.(in Chinese)
[14]闫亚东,张法全,何俊华,等.神光-Ⅲ原型装置用速度干涉仪的光学系统设计[J].光学精密工程,2010,18(11):2355-2361.YAN Y D,ZHANG F Q,HE J H,et al..Design of VISAR optical system for Shen-Guang-Ⅲprototype[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2010,18(11):2355-2361.(in Chinese)
[15]王维,何俊华,张敏,等.物理诊断设备精确自动准直方法[J].红外与激光工程,2015,44(3):901-905.WANG W,HE J H,ZHANG M,et al..Automatic alignment method for diagnostic instrument[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering,2015,44(3):901-905.(in Chinese)
[16]杨景豪,刘崴,刘阳,等.双目立体视觉测量系统的标定[J].光学精密工程,2016,24(2):300-308.YANG J H,LIU W,LIU Y,et al..Calibration of binocular vision measurement system[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2016,24(2):300-308.(in Chinese)
[17]霍炬,张贵阳,崔家山,等.测量误差不确定性加权的立体视觉位姿估计目标函数[J].光学精密工程,2018,26(4):834-842.HUO W,ZHANG G Y,CUI J SH,et al..A objective function with measuring error uncertainty weighted for estimation in stereo vision[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2018,26(4):834-842.(in Chinese)