2004-2017年珠海市淋病流行特征分析
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摘要
目的了解2004-2017年珠海市淋病流行特点,为开展珠海市淋病防治工作提供科学依据。方法通过《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》收集并分析珠海市所有医疗机构2004-2017年报告的淋病病例。结果 2004-2017年珠海市累计报告淋病发病数8 222例,平均报告发病率43.85/10万。性别分布以男性为主,男女性别比为11.14∶1,发病年龄以20～40岁年龄段性活跃人群为主,职业分布以工人和商务人员为主,分别占所有人群比例为23.80%和20.36%,香洲区为淋病高发地区。发病率总体上呈先下降,中间趋于平稳后又上升的趋势,其中2004-2011年,发病率趋于下降(年度变化百分比APC=-7.57,P=0.007),自2015年开始淋病发病率上升(APC=50.68,P=0.016)。结论 2004-2017年,珠海市淋病发病率在经历了一段较长时间的下降平稳波动之后,于2016年出现急剧增长,青壮年性活跃人群,特别是男性人群是防治工作的重点,且需提高对女性淋病患者的关注,提高检测阳性率,加大健康宣传工作。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends of gonorrhoea in Zhuhai from 2004 to 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control strategies.Methods Gonorrhoea cases reported in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed in Zhuhai from 2004 to 2017.Results A total of 8 222 gonorrhoea cases were reported in Zhuhai from 2004 to 2017,and the average reported incidence was 43.85/100 000.Male patients predominated with the ratio of male to female of 11.14∶1.The majority of cases were in the 20-40 age group,which was accounting for 73.33%.The occupational distribution was dominated by workers and business people,accounting for 23.80% and 20.36%,respectively.The number of reported gonorrhoea in Xiangzhou district was the highest in Zhuhai.The incidence fluctuated from year to year.It was decreased with the APC of-7.57(P=0.007)during the year of 2004 to 2011.Then the incidence of gonorrhoea increased from 2015 with the APC of 50.68(P=0.016)after a relatively stable period from 2012 to 2014.Conclusion During 2004-2017,the incidence of gonorrhoea in Zhuhai experienced a sharp increase in 2016 after a long period of stabilization.Sexually active young persons,especially males are the focus of prevention and control of gonorrhoea.In addition,more attention should be paid to female gonorrhoea,the improvement of the positive rate of detection and health promotion.
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends of gonorrhoea in Zhuhai from 2004 to 2017,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control strategies.Methods Gonorrhoea cases reported in China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed in Zhuhai from 2004 to 2017.Results A total of 8 222 gonorrhoea cases were reported in Zhuhai from 2004 to 2017,and the average reported incidence was 43.85/100 000.Male patients predominated with the ratio of male to female of 11.14∶1.The majority of cases were in the 20-40 age group,which was accounting for 73.33%.The occupational distribution was dominated by workers and business people,accounting for 23.80% and 20.36%,respectively.The number of reported gonorrhoea in Xiangzhou district was the highest in Zhuhai.The incidence fluctuated from year to year.It was decreased with the APC of-7.57(P=0.007)during the year of 2004 to 2011.Then the incidence of gonorrhoea increased from 2015 with the APC of 50.68(P=0.016)after a relatively stable period from 2012 to 2014.Conclusion During 2004-2017,the incidence of gonorrhoea in Zhuhai experienced a sharp increase in 2016 after a long period of stabilization.Sexually active young persons,especially males are the focus of prevention and control of gonorrhoea.In addition,more attention should be paid to female gonorrhoea,the improvement of the positive rate of detection and health promotion.
引文
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[10] Unemo M,Nicholas RA.Emergence of multidrug-resistant,extensively drug-resistant and untreatable gonorrhea[J].Future Microbiology,2012,7(12):1401-1422.
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[14] 陈磊,黄澍杰,洪璇,等.广东省2013年性病流行状况分析[J].皮肤性病诊疗学杂志,2015(1):62-67.
[15] 陈磊,黎英,沈鸿程,等.广东省2014年性病流行状况分析[J].皮肤性病诊疗学杂志,2016,23(1):3-7,12.
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[17] 龚向东,岳晓丽,蒋宁,等.2000-2014年中国淋病流行特征与趋势分析[J].中华皮肤科杂志,2015(5):301-306.
[18] 赵鹏鹏,胡锦流,孙修福,等.淮安市2014-2016年淋病流行病学特征分析[J].海南医学,2017,28(22):3759-3761.
[19] 李喜英,刘征,郭婷.2008-2017年郑州市淋病流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(21):3870-3873.
[20] 穆金萍.2012-2016年沈阳市淋病发病趋势与流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(3):401-404.
[21] 相晓妹,李熙桐,杜晓婷,等.2005-2014年西安市梅毒及淋病流行病学分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(6):972-975,982.
[22] 贾毓慧.2008年我国人户分离的特点及思考[J].中国统计,2009(6):31-32.
[23] 赵凤霞,王晓春.中国流动人口艾滋病危险因素研究进展[J].中国艾滋病性病,2010(3):330-333.
[2] Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators.Global,regional,and national incidence,prevalence,and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries,1990-2013:a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2013[J].Lancet,2015,386(9995):743-800.
[3] GBD 2013 DALYs and HALE Collaborators,Murray CJ,Barber RM,et al.Global,regional,and National disability-adjusted Life years(DALYs)for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy Life expectancy(HALE)for 188 countries,1990-2013:quantifying the epidemiological transition[J].Lancet,2015,386(19):2145-2191.
[4] Handsfield HH,Lipman TO,Harnisch JP,et al.Asymptomatic gonorrhea in men.Diagnosis,natural course,prevalence and significance[J].The New England Journal of Medicine,1974,290(3):117-123.
[5] Pol BV.Sexually transmitted infections in women[J].Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation,2014,74(Suppl 244):68-74.
[6] Harrison WO,Hooper RR,Wiesner PJ,et al.A trial of minocycline given after exposure to prevent gonorrhea[J].The New England Journal of Medicine,1979,300(19):1074-1078.
[7] Maxwell GL,Watson WJ.Preterm premature rupture of membranes:results of expectant management in patients with cervical cultures positive for group B streptococcus or Neisseria gonorrhoeae[J].American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,1992,166(3):945-949.
[8] Tsevat DG,Wiesenfeld HC,Parks CA.Sexually transmitted diseases and infertility[J].American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology,2017,216(1):1-9.
[9] Koedijk FD,Bergen JE,Dukers-Muijrers NH,et al.The value of testing multiple anatomic sites for gonorrhoea and chlamydia in sexually transmitted infection centres in the Netherlands,2006-2010[J].International Journal of STD & AIDS,2012,23(9):626-631.
[10] Unemo M,Nicholas RA.Emergence of multidrug-resistant,extensively drug-resistant and untreatable gonorrhea[J].Future Microbiology,2012,7(12):1401-1422.
[11] Alirol E,Wi TE,Bala M,et al.Multidrug-resistant gonorrhea:a research and development roadmap to discover new medicines[J].PLOS Medicine,2017,14(7):e1002366.
[12] Newman L,Rowley J,Vander HS,et al.Global estimates of the prevalence and incidence of four curable sexually transmitted infections in 2012 based on systematic review and global reporting[J].PLOS One,2015,10(12):e0143304.
[13] 广东省卫生健康委员会.广东省卫生和计划生育委员会公布2017年全省法定报告传染病疫情[EB/OL].[2019-06-04].http://wsjkw.gd.gov.cn/gkmlpt/content/2/2131/post_2131823.html.
[14] 陈磊,黄澍杰,洪璇,等.广东省2013年性病流行状况分析[J].皮肤性病诊疗学杂志,2015(1):62-67.
[15] 陈磊,黎英,沈鸿程,等.广东省2014年性病流行状况分析[J].皮肤性病诊疗学杂志,2016,23(1):3-7,12.
[16] 中华人民共和国卫生部.WS 268-2007 淋病诊断标准[S].北京:人民卫生出版社,2007.
[17] 龚向东,岳晓丽,蒋宁,等.2000-2014年中国淋病流行特征与趋势分析[J].中华皮肤科杂志,2015(5):301-306.
[18] 赵鹏鹏,胡锦流,孙修福,等.淮安市2014-2016年淋病流行病学特征分析[J].海南医学,2017,28(22):3759-3761.
[19] 李喜英,刘征,郭婷.2008-2017年郑州市淋病流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(21):3870-3873.
[20] 穆金萍.2012-2016年沈阳市淋病发病趋势与流行特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(3):401-404.
[21] 相晓妹,李熙桐,杜晓婷,等.2005-2014年西安市梅毒及淋病流行病学分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(6):972-975,982.
[22] 贾毓慧.2008年我国人户分离的特点及思考[J].中国统计,2009(6):31-32.
[23] 赵凤霞,王晓春.中国流动人口艾滋病危险因素研究进展[J].中国艾滋病性病,2010(3):330-333.