增焓热泵供暖系统搭配不同散热末端的试验研究
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摘要
空气源热泵供暖系统具有高能效与环保性的特点,成为取代传统取暖能源的首选方案。本文搭建热泵供暖系统研究平台,通过对双级压缩增焓空气源热泵分别搭载钢制暖气片、压铸铝暖气片、小温差水散热器、地暖辐射4种散热末端进行研究,对比分析了上述4种散热末端的采暖系统性能、舒适性和经济性。结果表明,房间总散热量随供水温度的上升而增加,地暖辐射供暖系统总散热量最大,其次是小温差水散热器、压铸铝暖气片、钢制暖气片;钢制暖气片的房间最终平衡温度最低,其次为压铸铝暖气片和小温差水散热器,地暖辐射则分别高出前者4.56,3.23,2.83℃;燃煤取暖、钢制暖气片、压铸铝暖气片、小温差水散热器、地暖辐射的取暖费用分别是电热取暖的21.56%,32.64%,40.62%,41.90%,47.04%。
Air-source heat pump has been the first choice instead of traditional heating scheme due to its characteristics of high energy efficiency and environmental protection. A research platform was built for the heat pump heating system,and researches were conducted on two-stage air-source heat pump combined with four different radiator terminals(i.e.,bimetal radiator,new bimetal radiator,radiant floor heating and small temperature difference radiator),and the performance,comfort and economy of the heating system combined with above four radiator terminals were analyzed by comparison. The results show that the total heat dissipation in the room increases with the rise of the hot water temperature,the total heat dissipation in the radiant floor heating system is the largest,followed by the small temperature difference radiator(STDR),the new bimetal radiator and the bimetal radiator; the final equilibrium temperature in the room with the bimetal radiator system is the lowest,followed by the new bimetal radiator and STDR,the radiant floor heating system is 4.56 ℃,3.23 ℃ and 2.83 ℃ higher than the former three,respectively;the radiant heating costs of coal heating, bimetal radiator,new bimetal radiator,STDR and radiant floor heating system are 21.56%,32.64%,40.62%,41.90 % and 47.04% of the electric heating system,respectively.
Air-source heat pump has been the first choice instead of traditional heating scheme due to its characteristics of high energy efficiency and environmental protection. A research platform was built for the heat pump heating system,and researches were conducted on two-stage air-source heat pump combined with four different radiator terminals(i.e.,bimetal radiator,new bimetal radiator,radiant floor heating and small temperature difference radiator),and the performance,comfort and economy of the heating system combined with above four radiator terminals were analyzed by comparison. The results show that the total heat dissipation in the room increases with the rise of the hot water temperature,the total heat dissipation in the radiant floor heating system is the largest,followed by the small temperature difference radiator(STDR),the new bimetal radiator and the bimetal radiator; the final equilibrium temperature in the room with the bimetal radiator system is the lowest,followed by the new bimetal radiator and STDR,the radiant floor heating system is 4.56 ℃,3.23 ℃ and 2.83 ℃ higher than the former three,respectively;the radiant heating costs of coal heating, bimetal radiator,new bimetal radiator,STDR and radiant floor heating system are 21.56%,32.64%,40.62%,41.90 % and 47.04% of the electric heating system,respectively.
引文
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[2]王建民.基于北京地区的空气源热泵能耗分析及节能改造[D].天津:天津大学,2012.
[3]江亿.我国建筑耗能状况及有效的节能途径[J].暖通空调,2005,33(5):30-35.
[4]Ma G Y,Chai Q H,Jiang Y.Experimental investigation of air source heat pump for cold regions[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2003,26(1):12-18.
[5]王恩承,谭洪卫.上海地区空气源热泵地板采暖系统应用研究[J].建筑热能通风空调,2004,23(6):25-29.
[6]王如竹,张川,翟晓强.关于住宅用空气源热泵空调、供暖与热水设计要素的思考[J].制冷技术,2014,34(1):32-41.
[7]张川,陈金峰,王如竹.上海地区空气源热泵结合小温差换热风机盘管末端的供热空调系统性能的试验研究[J].制冷技术,2014,34(1):1-5.
[8]胡文举,张帅,李德英,等.北京地区空气源热泵供暖系统的应用研究[J].流体机械,2017,45(7):58-61.
[9]李素花,代宝民,马一太.空气源热泵的发展及现状分析[J].制冷技术,2014,34(1):42-48.
[10]Jenkins D,Tucker R,Ahadzi M.The performance of air-source heat pumps in current and future offices[J].Energy and Buildings,2008,40(10):1901-1910.
[11]Yan G,Jia Q L,Bai T.Experimental investigation on vapor injection heat pump with a newly designed twin rotary variable speed compressor for cold regions[J].International Journal of Refrigeration,2016,62:232-241.
[12]张群力,王志明.北京市清洁能源改造中的问题及改造推广模式研究[J].制冷与空调,2017,17(3):90-94.
[13]Churchill S W,Bernstein M A.Correlating equation for forced convection from gases and liquids to a circular cylinder in cross flow[J].ASME Journal of Heat Transfer,1977,99(1):300-306.
[14]Grimson E D.Correlation and utilization of new data on flow resistance and heat transfer for cross flow of gases over tube banks[J].Trans.ASME,1937,59:583-594.
[15]杨世铭,陶文铨.传热学:第三版[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003:174-176.
[16]Herraez J V,Beld R.A study of free convection in air around horizontal cylinder of different diameters based on holographic interferometry temperature field equations and heat transfer coefficients[J].International Journal of Thermal Science,2002,41(3):261-267.