计及绿证交易和发电权交易的含光伏系统两级优化调度
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摘要
油田的电力供应主要来源于自备电厂,随着油田电网大规模光伏发电的接入,针对自备热电厂收益降低和绿色配额约束的问题,引入绿证交易和发电权交易,以油田为全局、以自备热电厂为局部,制定两级优化策略。考虑双方收益均衡问题,基于博弈理论,建立油田全局供电博弈模型,针对自备热电厂内部优化问题,计及可行性约束、技术性约束和政策性约束,建立自备热电厂机组出力优化模型。利用教与学优化算法求解模型,得到自备热电厂与光伏博弈均衡解和热电厂最优机组组合出力。结果表明:考虑绿证交易和发电权交易的两级优化均衡了热电厂及光伏的利益,提高了自备热电厂的效益,在满足绿色配额约束下,减轻了政府可再生能源补贴压力,提高了社会的全局效益。
The power supply of oil field is mainly from its own off-gird thermoelectric power plant. With the access of largescale photovoltaic power generation into oil field power grid,green certificate trading and generation rights trading usually lead to problems such as low revenue and green quota restrictions. A two-level optimization strategy,in which the oil field is at the first level and the local thermoelectric plant the second level,is proposed. Considering the revenue balance between the two levels,a game model of power supply for oilfield is established based on game theory between the thermoelectric plant and photovoltaic power producer. In view of the internal optimization problem of the thermoelectric plant,and taking into account the feasibility,technical and policy constraints,a optimization model for the thermoelectric plant unit output is established. Using the teaching and learning optimization algorithm to solve the model,game equilibrium solution between thermoelectric and photovoltaic,and optimal unit commitment of the thermoelectric plant can be achieved. The example analysis shows that the two-level optimal dispatch,which considers green certificate trading and power generation trading,balances the benefits of the thermoelectric and the photovoltaic plants,and improves the efficiency of the thermoelectric plant. Under the pressure of green quota,this also leads to significant reduction in governments renewable energy subsidies,and improvement of overall social benefit.
The power supply of oil field is mainly from its own off-gird thermoelectric power plant. With the access of largescale photovoltaic power generation into oil field power grid,green certificate trading and generation rights trading usually lead to problems such as low revenue and green quota restrictions. A two-level optimization strategy,in which the oil field is at the first level and the local thermoelectric plant the second level,is proposed. Considering the revenue balance between the two levels,a game model of power supply for oilfield is established based on game theory between the thermoelectric plant and photovoltaic power producer. In view of the internal optimization problem of the thermoelectric plant,and taking into account the feasibility,technical and policy constraints,a optimization model for the thermoelectric plant unit output is established. Using the teaching and learning optimization algorithm to solve the model,game equilibrium solution between thermoelectric and photovoltaic,and optimal unit commitment of the thermoelectric plant can be achieved. The example analysis shows that the two-level optimal dispatch,which considers green certificate trading and power generation trading,balances the benefits of the thermoelectric and the photovoltaic plants,and improves the efficiency of the thermoelectric plant. Under the pressure of green quota,this also leads to significant reduction in governments renewable energy subsidies,and improvement of overall social benefit.
引文
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[21]王晶,王宗礼,陈骏宇,等.基于萤火虫优化算法的微网源-荷博弈模型及分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):7-12.WANG Jing,WANG Zongli,CHEN Junyu,et al. A game model for DGs-loads in microgrid based on firefly algorithm and its analysis[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(21):7-12.
[22]赵新刚,冯天天,杨益晟.可再生能源配额制对我国电源结构的影响机理及效果研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):974-979.ZHAO Xingang,FENG Tiantian,YANG Yisheng. Impacting mechanism of renewable portfolio standard on chinas power source structure and its effect[J]. Power System Technology,2014,38(4):974-979.
[2] HASANI-MARZOONI M,HOSSEINI S H. Dynamic interactions of TGC and electricity markets to promote wind capacity investment[J]. IEEE Systems Journal,2012,6(1):46-57.
[3] CHAI C I,LEE W J,FUANGFOO P,et al. System impact study for the interconnection of wind generation and utility system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2005,41(1):163-168.
[4] HUANG D,SHU Y,RUAN J,et al. Ultra high voltage transmission in China:developments,current status and future prospects[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE,2009,97(3):555-583.
[5]吕泉,陈天佑,王海霞,等.配置储热后热电机组调峰能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(11):34-41.LU Quan,CHEN Tianyou,WANG Haixia,et al. Analysis on peak-load regulation ability of cogeneration unit with heat accumulator[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(11):34-41.
[6]吕泉,陈天佑,王海霞,等.热电厂参与风电调峰的方法评述及展望[J].中国电力,2013,46(11):129-136,141.LU Quan,CHEN Tianyou,WANG Haixia,et al. Review and perspective of integrating wind power into CHP power system for peak regulation[J]. Electric Power,2013,46(11):129-136,141.
[7]李佳佳,胡林献.基于二级热网电锅炉调峰的消纳弃风方案研究[J].电网技术,2015,39(11):3286-3291.LI Jiajia, HU Linxian. Research on accommodation scheme of curtailed wind power based on peak-shaving electric boiler in secondary heat supply network[J]. Power System Technology,2015,39(11):3286-3291.
[8]吕泉,陈天佑,王海霞,等.含储热的电力系统电热综合调度模型[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(5):79-85.LU Quan,CHEN Tianyou,WANG Haixia,et al. Combined heat and power dispatch model for power system with heat accumulator[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(5):79-85.
[9]魏小淤.储热系统在解决光伏消纳问题中的应用[J].供用电,2017,34(4):19-23.WEI Xiaoyu. Application of thermal energy storage for absorbing photovoltaic energy[J]. Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(4):19-23.
[10]张晓.我国可再生能源电力价格与补贴分析[D].南昌:江西财经大学,2015.ZHANG Xiao. The analysis of renewable energy electricity price and subsidies in our country[D]. Nanchang:Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,2015.
[11]尚金成.基于节能减排的发电权交易理论及应用(一)发电权交易理论[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(12):46-52.SHANG Jincheng. Generation right exchange theory and its applications based on energy-saving and emission-reducing:part one-generation right exchange theory[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(12):46-52.
[12]徐基光.基于绿色证书交易的含风电系统低碳经济调度[J].中国电力,2016,49(7):145-150.XU Jiguang. Low-carbon economic dispatching for power grid integrated with wind power system based on the green certificate trading mechanism[J]. Electric Power,2016,49(7):145-150.
[13]金秋龙,刘文霞,成锐,等.基于完全信息动态博弈理论的光储接入网源协调规划[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):112-118.JIN Qiulong,LIU Wenxia,CHENG Rui,et al. Coordinated planning model for photovoltaic station,storage battery and grid based on complete information dynamic game[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):112-118.
[14]钟宇峰,黄民翔,文福拴,等.计及绿色证书交易机制的大用户直购电市场均衡分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(2):144-150.ZHONG Yufeng,HUANG Minxiang,WEN Fushuan,et al. Equilibrium analysis of direct electricity purchase with green certificate mechanism[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(2):144-150.
[15]华夏,罗凡,张建华,等.促进新能源消纳的自备电厂发电权交易模式可行性探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(12):200-206.HUA Xia,LUO Fan,ZHANG Jianhua,et al. Feasibility analysis of trade mode promoting new energy consumption based on generation rights trade of self-generation power plants[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(12):200-206.
[16]王剑波,谭正卯,刘瑞叶.自备电厂发电权交易模式及能耗效益最优研究[J].黑龙江电力,2011,33(1):43-45,49.WANG Jianbo,TAN Zhengmao,LIU Ruiye. Study on generation right transaction mode and optimization of energy-saving and efficiency for self-owned power plant[J]. Heilongjiang Electric Power,2011,33(1):43-45,49.
[17]赵文会.计及碳交易和绿色证书交易机制的发电权交易模型[J].可再生能源,2016,34(8):1129-1137.ZHAO Wenhui. Generation rights trade model with carbon trading and green certificate trading mechanisms[J]. Renewable Energy Resources,2016,34(8):1129-1137.
[18]王伟,常浩,石永锋,等.面向综合经济效益最大化的全厂负荷分配[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(9):54-60.WANG Wei,CHANG Hao,SHI Yongfeng,et al. Power plant load distribution for optimal comprehensive economic benefit[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(9):54-60.
[19]黎静华,兰飞.适合于机组组合问题的扩展优先顺序法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(2):1-7.LI Jinghua,LAN Fei. Extended priority list method for unit commitment problem[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(2):1-7.
[20]梅生伟.一类电力系统鲁棒优化问题的博弈模型及应用实例[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(19):47-56.MEI Shengwei. A game model for robust optimization of power systems and its application[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(19):47-56.
[21]王晶,王宗礼,陈骏宇,等.基于萤火虫优化算法的微网源-荷博弈模型及分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):7-12.WANG Jing,WANG Zongli,CHEN Junyu,et al. A game model for DGs-loads in microgrid based on firefly algorithm and its analysis[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(21):7-12.
[22]赵新刚,冯天天,杨益晟.可再生能源配额制对我国电源结构的影响机理及效果研究[J].电网技术,2014,38(4):974-979.ZHAO Xingang,FENG Tiantian,YANG Yisheng. Impacting mechanism of renewable portfolio standard on chinas power source structure and its effect[J]. Power System Technology,2014,38(4):974-979.