两台常用家庭净水器净水功能比较
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摘要
目的比较两台常用家庭净水器对饮用水的净化效果,评价其实际使用效果。方法选择某厂家制造的分质超滤净水器和RO反渗透纯水机各一台,安装在两户用水量稳定且同一供给水厂的家庭中,分别在通水使用1. 5个月、4个月和6个月时采集滤前水和滤后水检测相关指标,分析两台净水器对各指标的去除率。结果两台净水器的滤前水和滤后水均合格;两台净水器对硒、锡、三氯甲烷、溶解性总固体、总硬度、耗氧量和氟化物的去除效果较好;对铁和镍的去除效果逐渐变弱;对锌、铅和pH值的去除率均为负数。分质超滤净水器在6个月时对铝、铜、砷、银、镉、汞、铁和镍的去除率为负数;对硼和硝酸盐的去除率在1. 5个月为负数;对钴、锑、钡和锰的去除率逐渐升高。RO反渗透纯水机对硒、锡、铝、铜、砷、硼、钴、锑、钡、铍、三氯甲烷、溶解性总固体、总硬度、耗氧量、氟化物、硝酸盐、氯化物和硫酸盐均能保持较高的去除率;对银和镉的去除率在4个月时为负数;对汞和铁的去除率在6个月时为负数;对锰和镍的去除率在第4、6个月时为负数。结论与分质超滤净水器相比,RO反渗透纯水机对大多数指标的去除效果较好,应根据水质情况正确选择并定期维护净水器。
Objective To compare the purification effect of two household water purifiers on drinking water and evaluate the practical application effects. Methods A water purification equipment and a reverse osmosis super purifier drinking water system which were made by a manufacturerwere were selected and installed in two families with stable water consumption and the same water supply plant. After the two water purifiers were used for 1. 5 months,4 months and 6 months,the relevant indicators of pre-filtration water and post-filtration water were collected,and the removal rates of the two water purifiers for each index were analyzed. Results Both the pre-filter and post-filter water of the two water purifiers were qualified. The two water purifiers had good removal effects on selenium,tin,trichloromethane,total dissolved solid,total hardness,oxygen consumption and fluoride. The removal of iron and nickel was gradually weakened. The removal rates of zinc,lead and pH were negative. To the water purification equipment,the removal rate of selenium,tin,trichloromethane,total dissolved solids,total hardness,oxygen consumption and fluoride were negative at 6 months. The removal rate of boron and nitrate was negative at 1. 5 months. The removal rates of cobalt,antimony,barium and manganese were gradually increased. To the reverse osmosis super purifier drinking water system,the removal rate of selenium,tin,aluminum,copper,arsenic,boron,cobalt,antimony,barium,beryllium,chloroform,total soluble solids and total hardness,nitrate,fluoride and oxygen consumption,chloride and sulfate could maintain a higher level. The removal rate of silver and cadmium was negative at 4 months. The removal rates of mercury and iron were negative at 6 months. And the removal rate of manganese and nickel were negative since 4 and 6 months. And the removal rate of zinc,lead,and pH value were negative. Conclusion Compared with the water purification equipment,reverse osmosis super purifier drinking water system had good removal effect on most indexes. The water purifier should be properly selected and maintained according to the water quality.
Objective To compare the purification effect of two household water purifiers on drinking water and evaluate the practical application effects. Methods A water purification equipment and a reverse osmosis super purifier drinking water system which were made by a manufacturerwere were selected and installed in two families with stable water consumption and the same water supply plant. After the two water purifiers were used for 1. 5 months,4 months and 6 months,the relevant indicators of pre-filtration water and post-filtration water were collected,and the removal rates of the two water purifiers for each index were analyzed. Results Both the pre-filter and post-filter water of the two water purifiers were qualified. The two water purifiers had good removal effects on selenium,tin,trichloromethane,total dissolved solid,total hardness,oxygen consumption and fluoride. The removal of iron and nickel was gradually weakened. The removal rates of zinc,lead and pH were negative. To the water purification equipment,the removal rate of selenium,tin,trichloromethane,total dissolved solids,total hardness,oxygen consumption and fluoride were negative at 6 months. The removal rate of boron and nitrate was negative at 1. 5 months. The removal rates of cobalt,antimony,barium and manganese were gradually increased. To the reverse osmosis super purifier drinking water system,the removal rate of selenium,tin,aluminum,copper,arsenic,boron,cobalt,antimony,barium,beryllium,chloroform,total soluble solids and total hardness,nitrate,fluoride and oxygen consumption,chloride and sulfate could maintain a higher level. The removal rate of silver and cadmium was negative at 4 months. The removal rates of mercury and iron were negative at 6 months. And the removal rate of manganese and nickel were negative since 4 and 6 months. And the removal rate of zinc,lead,and pH value were negative. Conclusion Compared with the water purification equipment,reverse osmosis super purifier drinking water system had good removal effect on most indexes. The water purifier should be properly selected and maintained according to the water quality.
引文
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[12]林立旺,陈金秋,陈祖毅,等.家用净水器卫生质量监测管理的思考[J].中国公共卫生管理,1996,12(4):269-270.
[2]许慧珍,赵峰珂,张福昌.论家用净水器的和谐化设计[J].江南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2008,7(1):116-118.
[3]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB/T 5750-2006生活饮用水标准检验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[4]中华人民共和国卫生部. GB 5749-2006生活饮用水卫生标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[5]中华人民共和国建设部. CJ 94-2005饮用净水水质标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.
[6]杨敏.家用净水器设计研究[J].美与时代(上),2017,32(3):90-91.
[7]胡俊明,喻晓毅,王京京,等.不同类型家用净水器安全性与功能性影响因素分析[J].环境与健康杂志,2009,26(5):435-436.
[8]吴位新,胡跃强,张子根,等.一起感染性腹泻爆发调查[J].浙江预防医学,2006,18(8):25-30.
[9]吴波,杨小伶,吴强,等.关于家用净水器生产、使用的卫生问题与对策初探[J].现代预防医学,2000,27(4):522-523.
[10]朱丽娇,牛少云,张青碧,等.泸州市居民家用净水器使用及认知情况调查分析[J].智慧健康,2018,2(5):193-196.
[11]许韡,王丹侠,张建文,等.四种家用净水器净水功能的比较[J].职业与健康,2011,27(17):2004-2005.
[12]林立旺,陈金秋,陈祖毅,等.家用净水器卫生质量监测管理的思考[J].中国公共卫生管理,1996,12(4):269-270.