一种线阵CCD融合光栅尺的高精度尺寸测量新方法研究
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摘要
为了解决数字图像亚像素级高精度尺寸检测问题,采用了基于人工神经网络的线阵相机镜头畸变矫正方法,比传统的多项式拟合法矫正精度高且操作简便;提出了将光栅尺融入线阵相机扫描机构的新方法,利用高精度光栅尺测位移信号触发线阵CCD图像采集动作,精确获取线阵相机扫描目标的亚像素级图像。实验证明,新的测量技术可在对运动系统要求不高的情况下获取高精度图像,图像检测精度可以达到1μm。
In order to solve the problem of high-precision dimension detection at sub-pixel level in digital images, a linear array camera lens distortion correction method based on artificial neural network is adopted, which is higher in accuracy and easier to operate than the traditional polynomial fitting method. A new method of integrating the grating ruler into the scanning mechanism of the linear array camera is proposed, which uses the displacement signal measured by the high-precision grating ruler to trigger the image acquisition action of the linear array CCD to accurately acquire the sub-pixel image of the scanning target of the linear array camera. Experiments show that the new measurement technology can obtain high-precision images with low requirements on the motion system, and the image detection accuracy can reach 1μm.
In order to solve the problem of high-precision dimension detection at sub-pixel level in digital images, a linear array camera lens distortion correction method based on artificial neural network is adopted, which is higher in accuracy and easier to operate than the traditional polynomial fitting method. A new method of integrating the grating ruler into the scanning mechanism of the linear array camera is proposed, which uses the displacement signal measured by the high-precision grating ruler to trigger the image acquisition action of the linear array CCD to accurately acquire the sub-pixel image of the scanning target of the linear array camera. Experiments show that the new measurement technology can obtain high-precision images with low requirements on the motion system, and the image detection accuracy can reach 1μm.
引文
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[2] 翟永杰,刘金龙,程海燕.基于机器视觉的汽车工件抓取定位系统设计与开发[J].现代电子技术,2018,41(20):06—13.Zhai Yongjie,Liu Jinlong,Cheng Haiyan.Design and development of automobile workpiece grasping and positioning[J].Modern Electronics Technique,2018,41(20):06—13.
[3] 吴智峰,柴鑫,王亚波,等.基于机器视觉非接触测量外螺纹尺寸系统[J].煤矿机械,2018,39(08):171—172.Wu Zhifeng,Chai Xin,Wang Yabo,et al.Measurement of external thread size system based on machine vision[J].Coal Mine Machinery Non-contact,2018,39(08):171—172.
[4] 葛动元.面向精密制造与检测的机器视觉及智能算法研究[D].华南理工大学硕士论文,2013.Ge Dongyuan.Research on the machine vision and intelligent algorithm for precision manufacturing and measurement[D].Guangdong:South China University of Technology,2013.
[5] 曹雅莉,李宗义.基于图像扫描技术的零件检测技术应用[J].机械研究与应用,2018,31(5):148—151.Cao Yali,Li Zongyi.Research on parts detection technology based on the image scanning technology[J].Mechanical Research & Application,2018,31(5):148—151.
[6] 秦刚,李韩.基于嵌入式技术的线阵CCD图像采集系统[J].仪表技术与传感器,2014,2(1):67—71.Qin Gang,Li Han.Linear array CCD image acquisition system based on embedded technology[J].Instrument Technique and Sensor,2014,2(1):67—71.
[7] 王艳,袁峰,姜宏,等.基于三线阵CCD空间目标的高精度位姿解算[J].光学学报,2018,38(5):207—215.Wang Yan,Yuan Feng,Jiang Hong,et al.High precision pose calculation of space target based on three linear array CCD[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2018,38(5):207—215.
[8] 徐航,崔江红,席建普,等.基于线阵CCD的轴类零件直径测量仪设计[J].中原工学院学报,2017,28(6):15—18.Xu Hang,Cui Jianghong,Xi Jianpu,et al.Design of diameter measuring instrument for shaft parts based on linear CCD[J].Journal of Zhongyuan University of Technology,2017,28(6):15—18.
[9] Kataoka K,Osawa T,Ozawa S,et al.3D Building facade model reconstruction:using parallel images acquired by line scan cameras[C]//International Conference on Image Processing.Genova,Italy:IEEE,2005,1:I—1009.
[10] Douxchamps D,Macq B,Chihara K.High accuracy traffic monitoring using road-side line-scan cameras[C]//IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference.Toronto,Canada:IEEE,2006:875—878.
[11] 姚智慧.基于线阵CCD的二维图像成像系统研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2013.Yao Zhihui.Research in imaging system for 2D image based on linear array CCD[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Science and Technology,2013.
[12] Wang Jianhua,Shi Fanhuai,Zhang Jing,et al.A new calibration model of camera lens distortion[J].Pattern Recognition,2007,41(2):607—615.
[13] Luna C A,Mazo M,Lazaro J L,et al.Calibration of linescan cameras[J].IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement,2010,59(8):2185—2190.
[14] 黄品松,徐杜,蒋永平,等.零件尺寸图像检测数据处理与高精度检测方法[J].计算机系统应用,2011,20(9):248—251.Huang Pinsong,Xu Du,Jiang Yongping,et al.Methods of data processing and high accurate detection for image detection of part sizes[J].Computer Systems & Applications,2011,20(9):248—251.
[15] 黄文恺.基于线阵CCD的二维轮廓多尺寸图像检测技术的研究[D].广东:广东工业大学,2007.Huang Wenkai.Research of image detection technology for multi-measurement on 2D based on linear CCD[D].Guangdong:Guangdong University of Technology,2007.
[16] 高璐,王俊达,冯彦睿.基于 ARM 的线阵 CCD 可调积分时间设计[J].数字技术与应用,2018,36(7):190—191.Gao Lu,Wang Junda,Feng Yanrui.Design of adjustable integral time for linear CCD based on ARM[J].Digital Technology & Application,2018,36(7):190—191.
[17] 王国林,殷旻.基于光栅尺反馈的高精度步进电机位移台系统开发[J].太原理工大学学报,2015,46(5):587—591.Wang Guolin,Yin Min.Development of high-precision stepping motor displacement platform system based on grating scale feedback[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2015,46(5):587—591.
[18] 堂宝生,熊显名,王献英,等.超精密光栅尺位移测量系统[J].激光杂志,2018,39(9):42—46.Tang Baosheng,Xiong Xianming,Wang Xianying,et al.Ultra-precision encoder system for displacement measurement[J].Laser Journal,2018,39(9):42—46.
[19] 占伟伟,卢海燕,王秀,等.基于灰度加权重心法的线阵CCD亚像素细分定位实验研究[J].光学技术,2018,44(4):476—479.Zhan Weiwei,Lu Haiyan,Wang Xiu,et al.Experimental study on sub-pixel subdivision location of linear CCD based on gray weighted centroid algorithm[J].Optical Technique,2018,44(4):476—479.