中国地质环境承载力评价研究进展
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摘要
地质环境承载力是衡量人类活动与地质环境是否协调的标准之一。开展地质环境承载力评价,调节人类活动,是实现区域经济可持续发展的关键。20世纪90年代以来,中国关于这方面的研究广受重视,硕果累累。该文综合总结、归纳、考量近30年来中国区域地质环境承载力评价研究的基本情况,将其划分为3个阶段:自主理论探索阶段、实践运用与理论深化阶段、"3S"技术与大数据综合评价阶段。从评价流程、评价指标、权重计算、评价模型等方面进行简要回顾与总结,并指出当前研究中存在的问题。然后提出城市地质环境承载力演化模型。最后认为国内地质环境承载力研究的发展趋势应包括:完善评价理论,更加客观地评价地质环境承载力;注重对敏感指标的研究;注重评价的实用性。
Geological environment carrying capacity is one of the criteria judging whether the human activities are in co-ordination with the geological environment,and evaluation of geological environment carrying capacity to regulate the human activities is the key to realize the sustainable development of regional economy.Since the 90 s of last century,the research on this issue has been extensively carried out in China with fruitful achievements.In this paper,the status of research in this respect over last 30 years was retrospected and summarized,which could be divided into three stages:exploring theory autonomously,both practical application and theory deepening,"3S" technology and big data comprehensive evaluation.Furthermore,the evaluation flow,evaluation models,evaluation indexes,weight calculation were reviewed briefly,problems in the research analyzed,and a evolutionary model of geological environment carrying capacity was proposed.Finally,it was concluded from this reviewing that the development trend of the geological environment carrying capacity in China should include:(1) improving the evaluation theory and making it more objectively;(2) focusing on the research of sensitive indicators;(3) attaching more concerns to the practicability of the research.
Geological environment carrying capacity is one of the criteria judging whether the human activities are in co-ordination with the geological environment,and evaluation of geological environment carrying capacity to regulate the human activities is the key to realize the sustainable development of regional economy.Since the 90 s of last century,the research on this issue has been extensively carried out in China with fruitful achievements.In this paper,the status of research in this respect over last 30 years was retrospected and summarized,which could be divided into three stages:exploring theory autonomously,both practical application and theory deepening,"3S" technology and big data comprehensive evaluation.Furthermore,the evaluation flow,evaluation models,evaluation indexes,weight calculation were reviewed briefly,problems in the research analyzed,and a evolutionary model of geological environment carrying capacity was proposed.Finally,it was concluded from this reviewing that the development trend of the geological environment carrying capacity in China should include:(1) improving the evaluation theory and making it more objectively;(2) focusing on the research of sensitive indicators;(3) attaching more concerns to the practicability of the research.
引文
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[18]Jiang X,Lu W X,Zhao H Q,et al.Quantitative evaluation of mining geo-environmental quality in northeast China:comprehensive index method and support vector machine models[J].Environmental Earth Science,2015,73(12):7945-7955.
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[22]毛同夏,石宏仁,张丽君.区域地质环境的定量评价和预测[J].地学前缘,1996,3(2):141-146.Mao Tongxia,Shi Hongren,Zhang Lijun.Quantitative assessment and prediction on regional geological environment[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1996,3(2):141-146.
[23]毛同夏.21世纪初期中国地质环境态势与可持续发展[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,26(6):6-9.Mao Tongxia.Geological environment situation and sustainable development of China in the beginning of 21th century[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1999(6):6-9.
[24]夏玉成.煤矿区地质环境承载能力及其评价指标体系研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2003,31(1):5-8.Xia Yucheng.Bearing capacity of geological environment in coal-mine area and its assessment system[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2003,31(1):5-8.
[25]许向宁,黄润秋,秦举礼.生态环境地质调查与3S技术应用:以川南安宁河流域生态环境地质调查为例[J].地质通报,2003(Z1):999-1005.Xu Xiangning,Huang Runqiu,Qin Juli.Eco-environmental geological:a case study of the survey and applications of the3S system eco-environmental geological survey of the Arming River valley,southern Sichuan[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2003(Z1):999-1005.
[26]许向宁.安宁河流域生态地质环境综合开发与保护[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,14(3):5-9.Xu Xiangning.The eco-geological environment comprehensive exploitation and protection of Anning River[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2003,14(3):5-9.
[27]Li Z Q.A research on evaluation method of tourism environmental bearing capacity in the context of ecological environment protection[J].International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering,2016,9(4):1799-1804.
[28]蔡宏,何政伟,安艳玲,等.基于遥感和GIS的赤水河水质对流域土地利用的响应研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(2):286-291.Cai Hong,He Zhengwei,An Yanling,et al.Response relationship between land use and water quality in Chishui river basin based on RS and GIS[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2017,26(11):1824-1830.
[29]王奎峰,李娜.基于AHP和GIS耦合模型的山东半岛地质环境承载力评价[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(S1):224-227.Wang Kuifeng,Li Na.Evaluation of geo-environmental carrying capacity in Shandong peninsula based on AHP and GIS coupling model[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2015,25(S1):224-227.
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