高非线性光子晶体光纤中飞秒脉冲压缩(特邀)
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摘要
采用全矢量有限元法和分步傅里叶法模拟计算了高非线性光子晶体光纤在近红外光谱区(特别是在850 nm)的飞秒脉冲孤子效应压缩,提出了一种新的反常群速度色散(β_2=-50.698 ps~2/km)、小高阶色散和高非线性(γ=268.419 1 W-1/km)二氧化硅芯光子晶体光纤结构,建立了包含高阶色散和拉曼散射的非线性薛定谔方程,研究了高斯脉冲在此光纤中传输时,光纤长度和孤子阶数对脉冲压缩的影响,分析了光纤中2～5阶色散,研究表明:孤子阶数为8时,品质因子和压缩因子均达到最大,初始脉冲的峰值功率P0=3 357.8 W,压缩效果最好;优化光纤几何和光学参数,可以得到了高品质因数、小底座的超短光脉冲。
The soliton-effect compression of femtosecond optical pulses in highly nonlinear silica-core photonic crystal fiber at near-infrared spectrum region(especially at 850 nm) was numerically investigated by full-vector finite element method and split-step Fourier method. A novel SiO_2 core photonic crystal fiber with an anomalous group velocity dispersion(β_2=-50.698 ps~2/km), small higher-order dispersions and high nonlinearity(γ =268.419 1 W-1/km) for efficient soliton-effect compression of femtosecond optical pulses was proposed, the nonlinear Schrodinger equation including higher-order dispersions and Raman scattering was derived. The effect of the Gaussian pulses compression in HN-PCF was numerically investigated by taking account of the fiber length and the soliton order, and the second to fifth orders dispersion were analyzed. The research results show that Q factor and compression factor are maximum at the soliton order of 8. The effect of compression is best when the input pulse′s energy P0=3 357.8 W. By optimizing the geometric and optical parameters of the fiber, the high-quality ultrashort optical pulses with little pedestal energy are obtained.
The soliton-effect compression of femtosecond optical pulses in highly nonlinear silica-core photonic crystal fiber at near-infrared spectrum region(especially at 850 nm) was numerically investigated by full-vector finite element method and split-step Fourier method. A novel SiO_2 core photonic crystal fiber with an anomalous group velocity dispersion(β_2=-50.698 ps~2/km), small higher-order dispersions and high nonlinearity(γ =268.419 1 W-1/km) for efficient soliton-effect compression of femtosecond optical pulses was proposed, the nonlinear Schrodinger equation including higher-order dispersions and Raman scattering was derived. The effect of the Gaussian pulses compression in HN-PCF was numerically investigated by taking account of the fiber length and the soliton order, and the second to fifth orders dispersion were analyzed. The research results show that Q factor and compression factor are maximum at the soliton order of 8. The effect of compression is best when the input pulse′s energy P0=3 357.8 W. By optimizing the geometric and optical parameters of the fiber, the high-quality ultrashort optical pulses with little pedestal energy are obtained.
引文
[1] Yang Kangwen, Hao Qiang, Zeng Heping. Advances in ultrashort divided-pulse amplification systems(Invited)[J].Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2018, 47(1):0103004.(in Chinese)杨康文,郝强,曾和平.超短脉冲偏振分割放大技术研究进展(特邀)[J].红外与激光工程, 2018, 47(1):0103004.
[2] Hu Yuze, Nie Jinsong, Sun Ke, et al. Air filamentation characteristics of ring Airy femtosecond laser beam with different background energies[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(8):0806005.(in Chinese)胡瑜泽,聂劲松,孙可,等.不同能量背景的环形艾里飞秒激光光束大气成丝特性[J].红外与激光工程, 2017, 46(8):0806005.
[3] Gu Hongcan, Huang Junbin, Cheng Ling, et al. 20-1 250 Hz fiber laser acceleration sensing system[J]. Chinese Optics,2017, 10(4):469-476.(in Chinese)顾宏灿,黄俊斌,程玲,等. 20~1 250 Hz光纤激光加速度传感系统设计[J].中国光学, 2017, 10(4):469-476.
[4] Chen Xinrong, Li Chaoming, Wang Dan, et al. Design of deformable mirror with small deformation and its applicationin pulse compression grating with low aberration[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016, 24(12):2993-2999.(in Chinese)陈新荣,李朝明,王丹,等.小形变变形镜的设计及其在低像差脉冲压缩光栅中的应用[J].光学精密工程, 2016, 24(12):2993-2999.
[5] Li Chaoming, Chen Xinrong, Li Lin, et al. Design and fabrication of a composite transmission pulse compression grating[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016, 24(12):2983-2987.(in Chinese)李朝明,陈新荣,李林,等.复合型透射式脉冲压缩光栅的设计与制作[J].光学精密工程, 2016, 24(12):2983-2987.
[6] Sun Baochen, Hou Yuemin, Li Feng, et al. Coupling characteristics between fiber grating and stimulated Brillouin signal[J]. Chinese Optics, 2017, 10(4):484-490.(in Chinese)孙宝臣,侯跃敏,李峰,等.光纤光栅与受激布里渊信号的耦合特性[J].中国光学, 2017, 10(4):484-490.
[7] Wu Limin, Song Peng, Wang Jing, et al. A squeezed lattice high negative dispersion and high birefringence photonic crystal fiber[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2016, 45(S1):S120001.(in Chinese)武丽敏,宋朋,王静,等.一种高双折射高负平坦色散压缩型光子晶体光纤[J].红外与激光工程, 2016, 45(S1):S120001.
[8] Qian Li, Senthilnathan K, Nakkeeran K, et al. Nearly chirpand pedestal-free pulse compression in nonlinear fiber Bragg gratings[J]. J Opt Soc Am B, 2009, 26(3):432-443.
[9] Qian Li, Hui Huang. Effective pulse compression in dispersion decreasing and nonlinearity increasing fibers[J].Optics Communications, 2015, 342:36-43.
[10] Raja R V J, Senthilnathan K, Porsezian K, et al. Efficient pulse compression using tapered photonic crystal fiber at850 nm[J]. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2010,46(12):1795-1803.
[11] Fedotov I V, Lanin A A, Voronin A A, et al. Generation of20 fs, 20 MW pulses in the near-infrared by pulse compression using a large-mode-area all-silica photonic band-gap fiber[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 2010, 57(19):1867-1870.
[12] Olupitan S, Senthilnathan K, Ramesh P, et al. Realizing a robust optical pulse compressor operating at 850 nm using a photonic crystal fiber[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 2013,60(5):368-377.
[13] Olupitan S, Senthil K, Babu P R, et al. Generation of a train of ultrashort pulses near-infrared regime in a tapered photonic crystal fiber using raised-cosine pulses[J].Photonics Journal, 2012, 4(5):1420-1437.
[14] Ghanbari A, Sadr A, Hesari H T. Modeling photonic crystal fiber for efficient soliton-effect compression of femtosecond optical pulses at 850 nm[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2014, 39(5):3917-3923.
[15] Ferrando A, Silvester E, Miret J J, et al. Nearly zero ultraflattened dispersion in photonic crystal fibers[J]. Optics Letters, 2000, 25(11):790-792.
[16] Agrawal G P. Nonlinear Fiber Optics[M]. 5th ed. US:Academic Press, 2013.
[17] Ma Wenwen, Li Shuguang, Yin Guobing, et al. High efficiency pulse compression in tapered microstructure fibers in anomalous dispersion region[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2010, 59(7):4720-4725.(in Chinese)马文文,李曙光,尹国冰,等.反常色散锥形微结构光纤中高效率脉冲压缩研究[J].物理学报, 2010, 59(7):4720-4725.
[2] Hu Yuze, Nie Jinsong, Sun Ke, et al. Air filamentation characteristics of ring Airy femtosecond laser beam with different background energies[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(8):0806005.(in Chinese)胡瑜泽,聂劲松,孙可,等.不同能量背景的环形艾里飞秒激光光束大气成丝特性[J].红外与激光工程, 2017, 46(8):0806005.
[3] Gu Hongcan, Huang Junbin, Cheng Ling, et al. 20-1 250 Hz fiber laser acceleration sensing system[J]. Chinese Optics,2017, 10(4):469-476.(in Chinese)顾宏灿,黄俊斌,程玲,等. 20~1 250 Hz光纤激光加速度传感系统设计[J].中国光学, 2017, 10(4):469-476.
[4] Chen Xinrong, Li Chaoming, Wang Dan, et al. Design of deformable mirror with small deformation and its applicationin pulse compression grating with low aberration[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016, 24(12):2993-2999.(in Chinese)陈新荣,李朝明,王丹,等.小形变变形镜的设计及其在低像差脉冲压缩光栅中的应用[J].光学精密工程, 2016, 24(12):2993-2999.
[5] Li Chaoming, Chen Xinrong, Li Lin, et al. Design and fabrication of a composite transmission pulse compression grating[J]. Optics and Precision Engineering, 2016, 24(12):2983-2987.(in Chinese)李朝明,陈新荣,李林,等.复合型透射式脉冲压缩光栅的设计与制作[J].光学精密工程, 2016, 24(12):2983-2987.
[6] Sun Baochen, Hou Yuemin, Li Feng, et al. Coupling characteristics between fiber grating and stimulated Brillouin signal[J]. Chinese Optics, 2017, 10(4):484-490.(in Chinese)孙宝臣,侯跃敏,李峰,等.光纤光栅与受激布里渊信号的耦合特性[J].中国光学, 2017, 10(4):484-490.
[7] Wu Limin, Song Peng, Wang Jing, et al. A squeezed lattice high negative dispersion and high birefringence photonic crystal fiber[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2016, 45(S1):S120001.(in Chinese)武丽敏,宋朋,王静,等.一种高双折射高负平坦色散压缩型光子晶体光纤[J].红外与激光工程, 2016, 45(S1):S120001.
[8] Qian Li, Senthilnathan K, Nakkeeran K, et al. Nearly chirpand pedestal-free pulse compression in nonlinear fiber Bragg gratings[J]. J Opt Soc Am B, 2009, 26(3):432-443.
[9] Qian Li, Hui Huang. Effective pulse compression in dispersion decreasing and nonlinearity increasing fibers[J].Optics Communications, 2015, 342:36-43.
[10] Raja R V J, Senthilnathan K, Porsezian K, et al. Efficient pulse compression using tapered photonic crystal fiber at850 nm[J]. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 2010,46(12):1795-1803.
[11] Fedotov I V, Lanin A A, Voronin A A, et al. Generation of20 fs, 20 MW pulses in the near-infrared by pulse compression using a large-mode-area all-silica photonic band-gap fiber[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 2010, 57(19):1867-1870.
[12] Olupitan S, Senthilnathan K, Ramesh P, et al. Realizing a robust optical pulse compressor operating at 850 nm using a photonic crystal fiber[J]. Journal of Modern Optics, 2013,60(5):368-377.
[13] Olupitan S, Senthil K, Babu P R, et al. Generation of a train of ultrashort pulses near-infrared regime in a tapered photonic crystal fiber using raised-cosine pulses[J].Photonics Journal, 2012, 4(5):1420-1437.
[14] Ghanbari A, Sadr A, Hesari H T. Modeling photonic crystal fiber for efficient soliton-effect compression of femtosecond optical pulses at 850 nm[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2014, 39(5):3917-3923.
[15] Ferrando A, Silvester E, Miret J J, et al. Nearly zero ultraflattened dispersion in photonic crystal fibers[J]. Optics Letters, 2000, 25(11):790-792.
[16] Agrawal G P. Nonlinear Fiber Optics[M]. 5th ed. US:Academic Press, 2013.
[17] Ma Wenwen, Li Shuguang, Yin Guobing, et al. High efficiency pulse compression in tapered microstructure fibers in anomalous dispersion region[J]. Acta Physica Sinica,2010, 59(7):4720-4725.(in Chinese)马文文,李曙光,尹国冰,等.反常色散锥形微结构光纤中高效率脉冲压缩研究[J].物理学报, 2010, 59(7):4720-4725.