水产养殖容量研究进展及应用
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摘要
近30年来,全球水产养殖产量以接近9%的年增长率持续增长。快速发展的水产养殖业在保障世界粮食供应的同时,也带来环境污染和生物多样性下降等一系列生态环境问题,引起国际社会的广泛关注。水产养殖的资源和环境承载力,即养殖容量与生态容量问题,已成为水产养殖业可持续发展中迫切需要解决的问题。本文概述了水产养殖容量和环境容量概念的起源及其发展,例举了养殖容量研究的代表性成果,分析了养殖容量的估算方法及养殖容量模型的发展历程,并探讨了其存在问题以及在水产养殖管理中的应用前景,以期推动以养殖容量评估为基础的水产养殖区规划。水产养殖容量的科学评估与综合应用,可在一定程度上解决制约水产养殖业可持续发展的生态环境问题,并为建立基于生态系统的水产养殖管理与空间规划提供科学依据。
In the past thirty years, global aquaculture production continues to grow at an annual rate of nearly 9%. The rapid development of global aquaculture not only helps maintaining world food supply, but also brings environmental pollution, biodiversity decline and a series of ecological problems, causing widespread concern in the international community. The issue of aquaculture carrying capacity, that is, the carrying capacity of resource and environment for aquaculture, has become a worldwide concern and a key scientific question for sustainable aquaculture development. In this paper, evolvement of the concept of aquaculture carrying capacity and environmental carrying capacity are elucidated briefly, exemplary work on aquaculture carrying capacity are introduced, the development of assessment methods and modeling of aquaculture carrying capacity are analyzed, and its related issues and prospective application in aquaculture governance are discussed in order to promote carrying capacity-based aquaculture spatial planning. Scientific evaluation and comprehensive application of aquaculture carrying capacity may solve the environmental problems constraining the sustainable development of mariculture to a certain degree, and may provide scientific basis for ecosystem-based aquaculture spatial planning and governance.
In the past thirty years, global aquaculture production continues to grow at an annual rate of nearly 9%. The rapid development of global aquaculture not only helps maintaining world food supply, but also brings environmental pollution, biodiversity decline and a series of ecological problems, causing widespread concern in the international community. The issue of aquaculture carrying capacity, that is, the carrying capacity of resource and environment for aquaculture, has become a worldwide concern and a key scientific question for sustainable aquaculture development. In this paper, evolvement of the concept of aquaculture carrying capacity and environmental carrying capacity are elucidated briefly, exemplary work on aquaculture carrying capacity are introduced, the development of assessment methods and modeling of aquaculture carrying capacity are analyzed, and its related issues and prospective application in aquaculture governance are discussed in order to promote carrying capacity-based aquaculture spatial planning. Scientific evaluation and comprehensive application of aquaculture carrying capacity may solve the environmental problems constraining the sustainable development of mariculture to a certain degree, and may provide scientific basis for ecosystem-based aquaculture spatial planning and governance.
引文
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Bacher C,Grant J,Fang J,et al.Modelling the effect of food depletion on scallop growth in Sungo Bay(China).Aquatic Living Resources,2003,16(1):10-24
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Cai HW,Ren YH,Sun YL,et al.Advances on aquaculture environmental carrying capacity research.Marine Science Bulletin,2009(2):109-115[蔡惠文,任永华,孙英兰,等.海水养殖环境容量研究进展.海洋通报,2009(2):109-115]
Carver CEA,Mallet AL.Estimating the carrying capacity of a coastal inlet for mussel culture.Aquaculture,1990,88(1):39-53
Chinese Academy of Sciences.Scientific issues and policy recommendations on ecosystem safety of ocean and coastal engineering in China.Beijing:Science Press,2014[中国科学院.中国海洋与海岸工程生态安全中若干科学问题及对策建议.北京:科学出版社,2014]
Cubillo AM,Ferreira JG,Robinson SMC,et al.Role of deposit feeders in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture-A model analysis.Aquaculture,2016,453:54-66
Dame RF,Prins TC.Bivalve carrying capacity in coastal ecosystems.Aquatic Ecology,1998,31(4):409-421
Dictionary of editorial board.Cihai(Ⅱ).Shanghai:Shanghai Lexicographical Press,1979,2579[辞海编委会.辞海(中).上海:上海辞书出版社,1979,2579]
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Ervik A,Agnalt AL,Asplin L,et al.Akva Vis-dynamisk GIS-verkt?y for lokalisering av oppdrettsanlegg for nye oppdrettsarter:Milj?krav for nye oppdrettsarter og laks.2008
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Fang JG,Wang XZ,Assessing the carrying capacity of Sanggou Bay for culture of kelp Lanminaria japonica.Marine Fisheries Research,1996,17(2):7-17[方建光,王兴章.桑沟湾海带养殖容量的研究.海洋水产研究,1996b,17(2):7-17]
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Ferreira JG,Hawkins AJS,Bricker SB.Management of productivity,environmental effects and profitability of shellfish aquaculture-the Farm Aquaculture Resource Management(FARM)model.Aquaculture,2007,264(1-4):160-174
Ferreira JG,Hawkins AJS,Monteiro P,et al.Integrated assessment of ecosystem-scale carrying capacity in shellfish growing areas.Aquaculture,2008,275(1):138-151
Gimpel A,Stelzenmüller V,Grote B,et al.A GIS modelling framework to evaluate marine spatial planning scenarios:Co-location of offshore wind farms and aquaculture in the German EEZ.Marine Policy,2015,55:102-115
Grant J.The relationship of bioenergetics and the environment to the field growth of cultured bivalves.Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1996,200(1-2):239-256
Grizzle RE,Lutz RA.A statistical model relating horizontal seston fluxes and bottom sediment characteristics to growth of Mercenaria mercenaria.Marine Biology,1989,102(1):95-105
Gui FK,Wang P,Wu CW.A model for planning culturing sites based on responsible farming concept of nitrogen-phosphorus balance.South China Fisheries Science,2011,7(4):69-75[桂福坤,王萍,吴常文.基于氮和磷平衡的负责任养殖模式下的养殖海区规划.南方水产科学,2011,7(4):69-75]
Heip CHR,Goosen NK,Herman PMJ,et al.Production and consumption of biological particles in temperate tidal estuaries.Oceanography and Marine Biology:An Annual Review,1995,33:1-149
Henderson A,Gamito S,Karakassis I,et al.Use of hydrodynamic and benthic models for managing environmental impacts of marine aquaculture.Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2001,17(4):163-172
Hepher B,Pruginin Y.Commercial fish farming:With special reference to fish culture in Israel.New York:Wiley,1981,261
Herman PMJ.A set of models to investigate the role of benthic suspension feeders in estuarine ecosystems//Bivalve Filter Feeders.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,1993:421-454
Ibarra DA,Fennel K,Cullen JJ.Coupling 3-D Eulerian biophysics(ROMS)with individual-based shellfish ecophysiology(SHELL-E):A hybrid model for carrying capacity and environmental impacts of bivalve aquaculture.Ecological Modelling,2014,273(2):63-78
Inglis GJ,Hayden BJ,Ross AH.An overview of factors affecting the carrying capacity of coastal embayment for mussel culture.Ministry for the Environment,2000
Jia HL,Shu TF,Wen YM.Studies of aquacultural carrying capacity and the way of enlarging netcage carrying capacity.Fisheries Science,2002,21(6):26-30[贾后磊,舒廷飞,温琰茂.水产养殖容量的研究及网箱养殖容量的扩大途径.水产科学,2002,21(6):26-30]
Kashiwai M.History of carrying capacity concept as an index of ecosystem productivity.Bulletin of the Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute(Japan),1995
Li DS,Xiong BX,Li Q,et al.Carrying capacity of reservoirs for feeding cage-culture of fish.Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1994,18(3):223-229[李德尚,熊邦喜,李琪,等.水库对投饵网箱养鱼的负荷力.水生生物学报,1994,18(3):223-229]
Li DS,Xiong BX,Li Q,et al.Reservoir on the bait cage carrying capacity.Reservoir Fisheries,1989(4):8-11[李德尚,熊邦喜,李琪,等.水库对投饵网箱养鱼负荷力问题的初步探讨.水利渔业,1989(4):8-11]
Liu JZ,Li DS,Dong SL.An experimental study on carrying capacity of closed semi-extensive polyculture shrimp ponds.Marine Sciences,2000,24(7):6-10[刘剑昭,李德尚,董双林.养虾池半精养封闭式综合养殖的养殖容量实验研究.海洋科学,2000,24(7):6-10]
Liu LY,Liu PY,Tang JH,et al.Study on the relationship of the Meretrix meretrix culture density and Sulfuret,COD,DO in laboratory.Journal of Aquaculture,2007(5):8-11[刘绿叶,刘培廷,汤建华,等.文蛤养殖密度对主要环境因子影响的模拟研究.水产养殖,2007(5):8-11]
Lu ZB,Fang MJ,Du Q.Carrying capacity of Porphyra and Laminaria in Dadeng Island sea area of Xiamen.South China Fisheries Science,2007(4):52-59[卢振彬,方民杰,杜琦.厦门大嶝岛海域紫菜、海带养殖容量研究.南方水产,2007(4):52-59]
Mc Kindsey CW,Thetmeyer H,Landry T,et al.Review of recent carrying capacity models for bivalve culture and recommendations for research and management.Aquaculture,2006,261(2):451-462
Nunes JP,Ferreira JG,Gazeau F,et al.A model for sustainable management of shellfish polyculture in coastal bays.Aquaculture,2003,219(1):257-277
Officer CB,Smayda TJ,Mann R.Benthic filter feeding:Anatural eutrophication control.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1982,9(2):203-210
Parsons TR,Takahashi M.Biological oceanographic processes.New York:Pergamon Press,1973,186
RabassóM,Hernández JM.Bioeconomic analysis of the environmental impact of a marine fish farm.Journal of Environmental Management,2015,158:24-35
Raillard O,Ménesguen A.An ecosystem box model for estimating the carrying capacity of a macrotidal shellfish system.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1994,115(1-2):117-130
Ren JS,Stenton-Dozey J,Plew DR,et al.An ecosystem model for optimising production in integrated multitrophic aquaculture systems.Ecological Modelling,2012,246(1747):34-46
Shi J,Wei H,Zhao L,et al.Study on ecosystem model of multi-species culture in Sanggou Bay:ⅢNumerical study on the kelp culture carrying capacity.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2010,31(4):43-52[史洁,魏皓,赵亮,等.桑沟湾多元养殖生态模型研究:Ⅲ海带养殖容量的数值研究.渔业科学进展,2010,31(4):43-52]
Shi J.Numerical study on the influences of physical processes on the aquaculture carrying capacity in a semi-enclosed bay.Doctoral Dissertation of Ocean University of China,2009,16-17[史洁.物理过程对半封闭海湾养殖容量影响的数值研究.中国海洋大学博士研究生学位论文,2009,16-17]
Tang QS.On the carrying capacity and its study.Marine Fisheries Research,1996,17(2):1-6[唐启升.关于容纳量及其研究.海洋水产研究,1996,17(2):1-6]
Verhagen JHG.Tidal motion,and the seston supply to the benthic macrofauna in the Oosterschelde.Deltares(WL),1986
Wang ZL,Shan HY.Thinking on the carrying capacity.Chinese Fisheries Economics,2003(4):42-43[王振丽,单红云.关于水产养殖容量的思考.中国渔业经济,2003(4):42-43]
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Bacher C,Grant J,Fang J,et al.Modelling the effect of food depletion on scallop growth in Sungo Bay(China).Aquatic Living Resources,2003,16(1):10-24
Bourles Y,Alunno-Bruscia M,Pouvreau S,et al.Modelling growth and reproduction of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas:Advances in the oyster-DEB model through application to a coastal pond.Journal of Sea Research,2009,62(2):62-71
Byron C,Link J,Costa-Pierce B,et al.Calculating ecological carrying capacity of shellfish aquaculture using mass-balance modeling:Narragansett Bay,Rhode Island.Ecological Modelling,2011,222(10):1743-1755
Cai HW,Ren YH,Sun YL,et al.Advances on aquaculture environmental carrying capacity research.Marine Science Bulletin,2009(2):109-115[蔡惠文,任永华,孙英兰,等.海水养殖环境容量研究进展.海洋通报,2009(2):109-115]
Carver CEA,Mallet AL.Estimating the carrying capacity of a coastal inlet for mussel culture.Aquaculture,1990,88(1):39-53
Chinese Academy of Sciences.Scientific issues and policy recommendations on ecosystem safety of ocean and coastal engineering in China.Beijing:Science Press,2014[中国科学院.中国海洋与海岸工程生态安全中若干科学问题及对策建议.北京:科学出版社,2014]
Cubillo AM,Ferreira JG,Robinson SMC,et al.Role of deposit feeders in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture-A model analysis.Aquaculture,2016,453:54-66
Dame RF,Prins TC.Bivalve carrying capacity in coastal ecosystems.Aquatic Ecology,1998,31(4):409-421
Dictionary of editorial board.Cihai(Ⅱ).Shanghai:Shanghai Lexicographical Press,1979,2579[辞海编委会.辞海(中).上海:上海辞书出版社,1979,2579]
Dong SL,Li DS,Pan KH.On the carrying capacity of mariculture.Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,1998,28(2):253-258[董双林,李德尚,潘克厚.论海水养殖的养殖容量.青岛海洋大学学报,1998,28(2):253-258]
Ervik A,Agnalt AL,Asplin L,et al.Akva Vis-dynamisk GIS-verkt?y for lokalisering av oppdrettsanlegg for nye oppdrettsarter:Milj?krav for nye oppdrettsarter og laks.2008
Ervik A,Hansen,PK,Aure J,et al.Regulating the local environmental impact of intensive marine fish farming I.The concept of the MOM system(Modelling-Ongrowing fish farms-Monitoring).Aquaculture,1997,158(1):85-94
Fang JG,Kuang SH,Sun HL,et al.Study on the carrying capacity of Sanggou Bay for the culture of scallop Chlamys farreri.Marine Fisheries Research,1996,17(2):17-30[方建光,匡世焕,孙慧玲,等.桑沟湾栉孔扇贝养殖容量的研究.海洋水产研究,1996a,17(2):17-30]
Fang JG,Wang XZ,Assessing the carrying capacity of Sanggou Bay for culture of kelp Lanminaria japonica.Marine Fisheries Research,1996,17(2):7-17[方建光,王兴章.桑沟湾海带养殖容量的研究.海洋水产研究,1996b,17(2):7-17]
FAO.The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture.Rome,2014
Ferreira JG,Hawkins AJS,Bricker SB.Management of productivity,environmental effects and profitability of shellfish aquaculture-the Farm Aquaculture Resource Management(FARM)model.Aquaculture,2007,264(1-4):160-174
Ferreira JG,Hawkins AJS,Monteiro P,et al.Integrated assessment of ecosystem-scale carrying capacity in shellfish growing areas.Aquaculture,2008,275(1):138-151
Gimpel A,Stelzenmüller V,Grote B,et al.A GIS modelling framework to evaluate marine spatial planning scenarios:Co-location of offshore wind farms and aquaculture in the German EEZ.Marine Policy,2015,55:102-115
Grant J.The relationship of bioenergetics and the environment to the field growth of cultured bivalves.Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,1996,200(1-2):239-256
Grizzle RE,Lutz RA.A statistical model relating horizontal seston fluxes and bottom sediment characteristics to growth of Mercenaria mercenaria.Marine Biology,1989,102(1):95-105
Gui FK,Wang P,Wu CW.A model for planning culturing sites based on responsible farming concept of nitrogen-phosphorus balance.South China Fisheries Science,2011,7(4):69-75[桂福坤,王萍,吴常文.基于氮和磷平衡的负责任养殖模式下的养殖海区规划.南方水产科学,2011,7(4):69-75]
Heip CHR,Goosen NK,Herman PMJ,et al.Production and consumption of biological particles in temperate tidal estuaries.Oceanography and Marine Biology:An Annual Review,1995,33:1-149
Henderson A,Gamito S,Karakassis I,et al.Use of hydrodynamic and benthic models for managing environmental impacts of marine aquaculture.Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2001,17(4):163-172
Hepher B,Pruginin Y.Commercial fish farming:With special reference to fish culture in Israel.New York:Wiley,1981,261
Herman PMJ.A set of models to investigate the role of benthic suspension feeders in estuarine ecosystems//Bivalve Filter Feeders.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,1993:421-454
Ibarra DA,Fennel K,Cullen JJ.Coupling 3-D Eulerian biophysics(ROMS)with individual-based shellfish ecophysiology(SHELL-E):A hybrid model for carrying capacity and environmental impacts of bivalve aquaculture.Ecological Modelling,2014,273(2):63-78
Inglis GJ,Hayden BJ,Ross AH.An overview of factors affecting the carrying capacity of coastal embayment for mussel culture.Ministry for the Environment,2000
Jia HL,Shu TF,Wen YM.Studies of aquacultural carrying capacity and the way of enlarging netcage carrying capacity.Fisheries Science,2002,21(6):26-30[贾后磊,舒廷飞,温琰茂.水产养殖容量的研究及网箱养殖容量的扩大途径.水产科学,2002,21(6):26-30]
Kashiwai M.History of carrying capacity concept as an index of ecosystem productivity.Bulletin of the Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute(Japan),1995
Li DS,Xiong BX,Li Q,et al.Carrying capacity of reservoirs for feeding cage-culture of fish.Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1994,18(3):223-229[李德尚,熊邦喜,李琪,等.水库对投饵网箱养鱼的负荷力.水生生物学报,1994,18(3):223-229]
Li DS,Xiong BX,Li Q,et al.Reservoir on the bait cage carrying capacity.Reservoir Fisheries,1989(4):8-11[李德尚,熊邦喜,李琪,等.水库对投饵网箱养鱼负荷力问题的初步探讨.水利渔业,1989(4):8-11]
Liu JZ,Li DS,Dong SL.An experimental study on carrying capacity of closed semi-extensive polyculture shrimp ponds.Marine Sciences,2000,24(7):6-10[刘剑昭,李德尚,董双林.养虾池半精养封闭式综合养殖的养殖容量实验研究.海洋科学,2000,24(7):6-10]
Liu LY,Liu PY,Tang JH,et al.Study on the relationship of the Meretrix meretrix culture density and Sulfuret,COD,DO in laboratory.Journal of Aquaculture,2007(5):8-11[刘绿叶,刘培廷,汤建华,等.文蛤养殖密度对主要环境因子影响的模拟研究.水产养殖,2007(5):8-11]
Lu ZB,Fang MJ,Du Q.Carrying capacity of Porphyra and Laminaria in Dadeng Island sea area of Xiamen.South China Fisheries Science,2007(4):52-59[卢振彬,方民杰,杜琦.厦门大嶝岛海域紫菜、海带养殖容量研究.南方水产,2007(4):52-59]
Mc Kindsey CW,Thetmeyer H,Landry T,et al.Review of recent carrying capacity models for bivalve culture and recommendations for research and management.Aquaculture,2006,261(2):451-462
Nunes JP,Ferreira JG,Gazeau F,et al.A model for sustainable management of shellfish polyculture in coastal bays.Aquaculture,2003,219(1):257-277
Officer CB,Smayda TJ,Mann R.Benthic filter feeding:Anatural eutrophication control.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1982,9(2):203-210
Parsons TR,Takahashi M.Biological oceanographic processes.New York:Pergamon Press,1973,186
RabassóM,Hernández JM.Bioeconomic analysis of the environmental impact of a marine fish farm.Journal of Environmental Management,2015,158:24-35
Raillard O,Ménesguen A.An ecosystem box model for estimating the carrying capacity of a macrotidal shellfish system.Marine Ecology Progress Series,1994,115(1-2):117-130
Ren JS,Stenton-Dozey J,Plew DR,et al.An ecosystem model for optimising production in integrated multitrophic aquaculture systems.Ecological Modelling,2012,246(1747):34-46
Shi J,Wei H,Zhao L,et al.Study on ecosystem model of multi-species culture in Sanggou Bay:ⅢNumerical study on the kelp culture carrying capacity.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2010,31(4):43-52[史洁,魏皓,赵亮,等.桑沟湾多元养殖生态模型研究:Ⅲ海带养殖容量的数值研究.渔业科学进展,2010,31(4):43-52]
Shi J.Numerical study on the influences of physical processes on the aquaculture carrying capacity in a semi-enclosed bay.Doctoral Dissertation of Ocean University of China,2009,16-17[史洁.物理过程对半封闭海湾养殖容量影响的数值研究.中国海洋大学博士研究生学位论文,2009,16-17]
Tang QS.On the carrying capacity and its study.Marine Fisheries Research,1996,17(2):1-6[唐启升.关于容纳量及其研究.海洋水产研究,1996,17(2):1-6]
Verhagen JHG.Tidal motion,and the seston supply to the benthic macrofauna in the Oosterschelde.Deltares(WL),1986
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