草地贪夜蛾形态特征及与3种玉米田为害特征和形态相近鳞翅目昆虫的比较
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摘要
草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)是一种重要的世界性害虫,目前已经侵入我国云南省。田间调查发现,草地贪夜蛾与甜菜夜蛾S.exigua、斜纹夜蛾S.litura和黏虫Mythimna separata在玉米上往往混合发生,且形态相近,容易混淆。本文详细描述了草地贪夜蛾卵、幼虫、蛹和成虫的外部形态特征,并比较了其与甜菜夜蛾、斜纹夜蛾和黏虫的幼虫和成虫的形态差异。本文为草地贪夜蛾的准确鉴别和田间调查提供依据,并为草地贪夜蛾的精准测报奠定基础。
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith), is a major crop pest worldwide, which has invaded Yunnan Province, China. It was observed that S.frugiperda, S.exigua (Hübner), S.litura(Fabricius) and Mythimna separata(Walker) with similar injury characteristics and morphology often occur together on corn plants, and are generally confused during the field survey. In this study, the morphological characteristics of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of S.frugiperda were described in detail, and the morphological differences in the larvae and adults of S.frugiperda, S.exigua, S.litura and M. separata were compared. This report will provide technical instructions for S.frugiperda identification and field investigation, as well as a basis for the accurate forecast of S.frugiperda.
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith), is a major crop pest worldwide, which has invaded Yunnan Province, China. It was observed that S.frugiperda, S.exigua (Hübner), S.litura(Fabricius) and Mythimna separata(Walker) with similar injury characteristics and morphology often occur together on corn plants, and are generally confused during the field survey. In this study, the morphological characteristics of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of S.frugiperda were described in detail, and the morphological differences in the larvae and adults of S.frugiperda, S.exigua, S.litura and M. separata were compared. This report will provide technical instructions for S.frugiperda identification and field investigation, as well as a basis for the accurate forecast of S.frugiperda.
引文
[1] TODD E L, POOLE R W. Keys and illustrations for the armyworm moths of the noctuid genus Spodoptera Guenée from the Western Hemisphere [J]. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 1980, 73(6): 722-738.
[2] NAKWEYA G. Global actions needed to combat fall armyworm[EB/OL]. (2018-09-28)[2019-02-16].https://www.scidev.net/sub-saharan-africa/farming/news/global-actions-combat-fall-armyworm.html.
[3] SHARANABASAPPA D, KALLESHWARASWAMY C M,ASOKAN R, et al. First report of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an alien invasive pest on maize in India[J]. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems, 2018, 24(1): 23-29.
[4] FAO. FAO statement on fall armyworm in Sri Lanka[R]. Rome: FAO, 2019.
[5] IPPC, First detection of fall armyworm on the border of Thailand [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[6] FAO. FAW monitoring & early warning system (FAMEWS) [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[7] IPPC. First detection report of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptra: Noctuidae) on maize in Myanmar [R]. Rome: FAO, 2019.
[8] 郭井菲,赵建周,何康来,等. 警惕危险性害虫草地贪夜蛾入侵中国[J]. 植物保护,2018,44(6):1-10.
[9] 全国农业技术推广服务中心. 植物病虫情报:重大害虫草地贪夜蛾已侵入云南,各地要立即开展调查监测[R]. 北京:全国农业技术推广服务中心,2019.
[10] 全国农业技术推广服务中心. 植物病虫情报:草地贪夜蛾在云南西南部3市州为害冬玉米[R]. 北京:全国农业技术推广服务中心,2019.
[11] CABI. Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) [R]. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 2016.
[12] ABRAHAMS P, BATEMAN M, BEALE T, et al. Fall armyworm: Impacts and implications for Africa. Evidence note (2), September 2017. Report to DFID [R]. Aikesite: CABI, 2017.
[13] FAO. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize[R]. Rome: FAO, 2017.
[14] VISSER D. Fall armyworm: an identification guide in relation to other common caterpillars, a South African perspective [R]. Pretoria: Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, 2017.
[15] KONDIDIE D B. Genetic variability and gene flow of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda ( J.E. Smith) in the western hemisphere and susceptibility to insecticides [D]. Nebraska: University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2011.
[16] FAO. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): Identification, biology and ecology [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[17] OEPP/EPPO. PM 7/124 (1) Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania [J]. OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 2015, 45(3): 410-444.
[18] 司升云,朱国仁,周利琳.甜菜夜蛾的识别、习性和防控技术[J].中国蔬菜,2009(19):19-20.
[19] 石洁,王振营. 玉米病虫害防治彩色图谱[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2011:48-49.
[20] GILLIGAN T M, PASSOA S C. LepIntercept, an identification resource for intercepted Lepidoptera larvae [EB/OL]. Identification Technology Program (ITP), USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T, Fort Collins(US), 2014, www.lepintercept.org.
[21] 司升云,熊艺. 斜纹夜蛾的识别与防控技术口诀[J].长江蔬菜,2010(5):38-39.
[22] 马丽,高丽娜,黄建荣,等.黏虫和劳氏黏虫形态特征比较[J].植物保护,2016,42(4):142-146.
[23] HEPPNER J B. Spodoptera armyworms of Florida (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) [J]. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Entomological Circular No. 390, 1998.
[24] MARTINELLI S, DE CARVALHO R A, DOURADO P M, et al. Resistance of Spodoptera frugiperda to Bacillus thuringiensis proteins in the Western Hemisphere [M]//FIUZA L M, POLANCZYK R A, CRICKMORE N. Bacillus thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus sphaericus: Characterization and use in the field of biocontrol. Gewerbestrasse: Springer International Publishing,2017: 273-288.
[25] POISOT A S, HRUSKA A, FREDRIX M, et al. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize: A guide for farmer field schools in Africa [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[26] PASSOA S.Color identification of economically important Spodoptera larvae in Honduras (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) [J]. Insecta Mundi, 1991, 5(3/4): 185-195.
[2] NAKWEYA G. Global actions needed to combat fall armyworm[EB/OL]. (2018-09-28)[2019-02-16].https://www.scidev.net/sub-saharan-africa/farming/news/global-actions-combat-fall-armyworm.html.
[3] SHARANABASAPPA D, KALLESHWARASWAMY C M,ASOKAN R, et al. First report of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an alien invasive pest on maize in India[J]. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems, 2018, 24(1): 23-29.
[4] FAO. FAO statement on fall armyworm in Sri Lanka[R]. Rome: FAO, 2019.
[5] IPPC, First detection of fall armyworm on the border of Thailand [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[6] FAO. FAW monitoring & early warning system (FAMEWS) [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[7] IPPC. First detection report of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptra: Noctuidae) on maize in Myanmar [R]. Rome: FAO, 2019.
[8] 郭井菲,赵建周,何康来,等. 警惕危险性害虫草地贪夜蛾入侵中国[J]. 植物保护,2018,44(6):1-10.
[9] 全国农业技术推广服务中心. 植物病虫情报:重大害虫草地贪夜蛾已侵入云南,各地要立即开展调查监测[R]. 北京:全国农业技术推广服务中心,2019.
[10] 全国农业技术推广服务中心. 植物病虫情报:草地贪夜蛾在云南西南部3市州为害冬玉米[R]. 北京:全国农业技术推广服务中心,2019.
[11] CABI. Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) [R]. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 2016.
[12] ABRAHAMS P, BATEMAN M, BEALE T, et al. Fall armyworm: Impacts and implications for Africa. Evidence note (2), September 2017. Report to DFID [R]. Aikesite: CABI, 2017.
[13] FAO. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize[R]. Rome: FAO, 2017.
[14] VISSER D. Fall armyworm: an identification guide in relation to other common caterpillars, a South African perspective [R]. Pretoria: Agricultural Research Council-Vegetable and Ornamental Plants, 2017.
[15] KONDIDIE D B. Genetic variability and gene flow of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda ( J.E. Smith) in the western hemisphere and susceptibility to insecticides [D]. Nebraska: University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2011.
[16] FAO. Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda): Identification, biology and ecology [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[17] OEPP/EPPO. PM 7/124 (1) Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania [J]. OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 2015, 45(3): 410-444.
[18] 司升云,朱国仁,周利琳.甜菜夜蛾的识别、习性和防控技术[J].中国蔬菜,2009(19):19-20.
[19] 石洁,王振营. 玉米病虫害防治彩色图谱[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社,2011:48-49.
[20] GILLIGAN T M, PASSOA S C. LepIntercept, an identification resource for intercepted Lepidoptera larvae [EB/OL]. Identification Technology Program (ITP), USDA-APHIS-PPQ-S&T, Fort Collins(US), 2014, www.lepintercept.org.
[21] 司升云,熊艺. 斜纹夜蛾的识别与防控技术口诀[J].长江蔬菜,2010(5):38-39.
[22] 马丽,高丽娜,黄建荣,等.黏虫和劳氏黏虫形态特征比较[J].植物保护,2016,42(4):142-146.
[23] HEPPNER J B. Spodoptera armyworms of Florida (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) [J]. Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Entomological Circular No. 390, 1998.
[24] MARTINELLI S, DE CARVALHO R A, DOURADO P M, et al. Resistance of Spodoptera frugiperda to Bacillus thuringiensis proteins in the Western Hemisphere [M]//FIUZA L M, POLANCZYK R A, CRICKMORE N. Bacillus thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus sphaericus: Characterization and use in the field of biocontrol. Gewerbestrasse: Springer International Publishing,2017: 273-288.
[25] POISOT A S, HRUSKA A, FREDRIX M, et al. Integrated management of the fall armyworm on maize: A guide for farmer field schools in Africa [R]. Rome: FAO, 2018.
[26] PASSOA S.Color identification of economically important Spodoptera larvae in Honduras (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) [J]. Insecta Mundi, 1991, 5(3/4): 185-195.