大南湖二矿煤灰成分表征燃煤结渣特性试验研究
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摘要
针对灰熔融温度无法准确预测大南湖二矿原煤实际结渣的问题,利用微波消解法对大南湖二矿原煤和按GB/T 212—2008《煤的工业分析方法》制得的灰(称为国标灰)进行分析,得到其金属元素含量。试验结果显示:在国标法制灰过程中,煤中的主要金属元素均有不同程度的逃逸,用金属氧化物逃逸率表征金属元素的逃逸特性,熔点比较高的K_2O和Al_2O_3的逃逸率高达47.92%和42.48%,熔点比较低的CaO的逃逸率达到36.50%,Fe_2O_3逃逸率最小,但也达到10.60%,导致国标法制灰灰熔融温度升高,与煤实际的结渣特性耦合性差。灰化温度从国标要求的815℃降低到500℃后制得灰样的软化温度为1 200℃,比国标法制得灰样的软化温度低70℃。因此,与灰熔融温度相比,灰成分综合预测指数更能体现大南湖二矿煤实际燃烧的结渣特性。
Due to the melting temperature of Dananhu No.2 Mine coal could not accurately predict its slagging characteristics,the content of metal elements were obtained with microwave digestion technology for raw coal and its ash prepared with GB/T 212—2008 Proximate Analysis of Coal.The results reveal that in the process of preparing ash by using GB/T 212—2008 standard,the main metal elements in the coal escape to various degrees. Metal oxide escape rate can explain the metal elements escape characteristics,the escape rate of K_2 O and Al_2O_3 with high melting points are 47.92% and 42.48%,the escape rate of Ca O with relatively low melting point is 36.50%,and the escape rate of Fe_2O_3 is the smallest,but also reach to 10.60%. The ash melting point is affected enormously by the escape of metal elements,which offends against the actual of coal slagging characteristic.The escape of metal elements enormously influences the ash melting point,resulting in a 70 ℃ difference between the softening temperature of 1 200 ℃ of the ash made under 500 ℃ and that of 1 270 ℃ of the ash made under 815 ℃ by the standard method. Therefore,compared to ash melting temperature,ash composition comprehensive prediction index can be more exactly described the practical slagging characteristics of Dananhu No.2 Mine coal.
Due to the melting temperature of Dananhu No.2 Mine coal could not accurately predict its slagging characteristics,the content of metal elements were obtained with microwave digestion technology for raw coal and its ash prepared with GB/T 212—2008 Proximate Analysis of Coal.The results reveal that in the process of preparing ash by using GB/T 212—2008 standard,the main metal elements in the coal escape to various degrees. Metal oxide escape rate can explain the metal elements escape characteristics,the escape rate of K_2 O and Al_2O_3 with high melting points are 47.92% and 42.48%,the escape rate of Ca O with relatively low melting point is 36.50%,and the escape rate of Fe_2O_3 is the smallest,but also reach to 10.60%. The ash melting point is affected enormously by the escape of metal elements,which offends against the actual of coal slagging characteristic.The escape of metal elements enormously influences the ash melting point,resulting in a 70 ℃ difference between the softening temperature of 1 200 ℃ of the ash made under 500 ℃ and that of 1 270 ℃ of the ash made under 815 ℃ by the standard method. Therefore,compared to ash melting temperature,ash composition comprehensive prediction index can be more exactly described the practical slagging characteristics of Dananhu No.2 Mine coal.
引文
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[16]姚润生,李小红,左永飞,等.钠基助熔剂对灵石煤灰熔融特性温度的影响[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(6):1027-1031.YAO Runsheng,LI Xiaohong,ZUO Yongfei et al.Effect of sodium based flux on the ash melting characteristics temperature of Lingshi coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(6):1027-1031.
[17]陆宏权,李寒旭,马飞,等.钙基助熔剂对煤灰熔融性影响及熔融机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(2):111-114.LU Hongquan,LI Hanxu,MA Fei,et al.Study on fly ash fusibility affected by calcium base flux and fusion mechanism[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(2):111-114.
[18]戴爱军,杜彦学,谢欣馨.煤灰成分与灰熔融性关系研究进展[J].煤化工,2009,37(4):16-19.DAI Aijun,DU Yanxue,XIE Xinxin.Research progress on the relationship between coal ash components and ash fusion character[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2009,37(4):16-19.
[19]康艳红,李光哲,李国德,等.煤燃烧过程中金属元素迁移特性[J].电力环境保护,2009,25(1):44-46.KANG Yanhong,LI Guangzhe,LI Guode,et al.Transfer characteristics of metal elements in coal combustion process[J]. Electric Power Environmental Protection,2009,25(1):44-46.
[20]戴爱军.煤灰成分对灰熔融性影响研究[J].洁净煤技术,2007,13(5):23-26.DAI Aijun.Research on influence of ash components in coal ash on ash fusiblility[J]. Clean Coal Technology,2007,13(5):23-26.
[2]李永兴,陈春元.动力用煤结渣特性综合判别指数的研究[J].热力发电,1994,8(3):36-39.LI Yongxing,CHEN Chunyuan. Comprehensive discrimination index of power coal slagging characteristic[J].Thermal Power Generation,1994,8(3):36-39.
[3]周俊虎,赵晓辉,杨卫娟,等.神华煤结渣倾向和结渣机制研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(8):31-36.ZHOU Junhu,ZHAO Xiaohui,YANG Weijuan,et al. Study on the ash deposition propensity and mechanism of Shenhua coal[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(8):31-36.
[4]宋汉疆.新疆准东煤田煤炭综合利用问题探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2008,5(9):49-51.SONG Hanjiang.Study of comprehensive utilization problem of Xinjiang Zhundong coal[J].Western Prospecting Engineering,2008,5(9):49-51.
[5]杨忠灿,刘家利,何红光.新疆准东煤特性研究及其锅炉选型[J].热力发电,2010,39(8):38-40.YANG Zhongcan,LIU Jiali,HE Hongguang.Study on properties of Zhundong coal in Xinjiang region and type selection for boilers burning this coal sort[J]. Thermal Power Generation,2010,39(8):38-40.
[6]杨荣,刘家利.南露天矿煤结渣与沾污特性研究[J].热力发电,2012,47(10):31-34.YANG Rong,LIU Jiali.Slagging and fouling characteristic of coal in southmine of Houlinhe Coalfield[J]. Thermal Power Generation,2012,47(10):31-34.
[7]张广超,刘勇,张继卫,等.大南湖二矿煤沾污因素分析及煤质控制技术[J].露天采矿技术,2016,31(2):86-89.ZHANG Guangchao,LIU Yong,ZHANG Jiwei,et al. Analysis of coal contamination factors and coal quality control technology in Dananhu No. 2 Mine[J]. Opencast Mining Technology,2016,31(2):86-89.
[8]芦涛,张雷,张晔,等.煤灰中矿物质组成对煤灰熔融温度的影响[J].燃料化学学报,2010,38(1):23-28.LU Tao,ZHANG Lei,ZHANG Ye,et al.Effect of mineral composition on coal ash fusion temperature[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,2010,38(1):23-28.
[9]张磊,王晓艳,李波.微波消解技术在金属分析中的应用[J].光谱实验室,2010,27(3):953-957.ZHANG Lei,WANG Xiaoyan,LI Bo. Application of microwave digestion technology in metal analysis[J]. Spectrum Laboratory,2010,27(3):953-957.
[10]杨建民.微波消解技术在煤及煤灰处理中的应用研究[J].中州煤炭,2012(7):17-19.YANG Jianmin. Research on application of microwave digestion technology in treating of coal and coal ash[J]. Zhongzhou Coal,2012(7):17-19.
[11]张军,汉春利,刘坤磊,等.煤中碱金属及其在燃烧中的行为[J].热能动力工程,1999,14(2):83-85.ZHANG Jun,HAN Chunli,LIU Kunlei et al. Various forms of alkali metal in coal and its behavior during coal combustion[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,1999,14(2):83-85.
[12]贾明生,张乾熙.影响煤灰熔融性温度的控制因素[J].煤化工,2007(3):1-5.JIA Mingsheng,ZHANG Qianxi. Key factor and affecting fusion temperature of coal ash[J]. Coal Chemical Industry,2007(3):1-5.
[13]毛军,徐明厚,李帆.碱性矿物质对煤灰熔融特性影响的研究[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2003,31(4):59-62.MAO Jun,XU Minghou,LI Fan.The effect of alkali mineral matter on the ash melting characteristic[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology:Natural Science Edition,2003,31(4):59-62.
[14]修洪雨,黄镇宇,张堃,等.CaO对煤灰主要成分熔融特性的影响[J].电站系统工程,2005,21(2):20-22.XIU Hongyu,HUANG Zhenyu,ZHANG Kun,et al. Calcium oxide’s influence on melting characteristic of main materials in coal ash[J]. Power Station System Engineering,2005,21(2):20-22.
[15]姚星一.煤灰熔点与化学成分的关系[J].燃料化学学报,1965,6(2):151-161.YAO Xingyi. Relationship between coal ash melting temperature and the chemical composition[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,1965,6(2):151-161.
[16]姚润生,李小红,左永飞,等.钠基助熔剂对灵石煤灰熔融特性温度的影响[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(6):1027-1031.YAO Runsheng,LI Xiaohong,ZUO Yongfei et al.Effect of sodium based flux on the ash melting characteristics temperature of Lingshi coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(6):1027-1031.
[17]陆宏权,李寒旭,马飞,等.钙基助熔剂对煤灰熔融性影响及熔融机理研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(2):111-114.LU Hongquan,LI Hanxu,MA Fei,et al.Study on fly ash fusibility affected by calcium base flux and fusion mechanism[J].Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(2):111-114.
[18]戴爱军,杜彦学,谢欣馨.煤灰成分与灰熔融性关系研究进展[J].煤化工,2009,37(4):16-19.DAI Aijun,DU Yanxue,XIE Xinxin.Research progress on the relationship between coal ash components and ash fusion character[J].Coal Chemical Industry,2009,37(4):16-19.
[19]康艳红,李光哲,李国德,等.煤燃烧过程中金属元素迁移特性[J].电力环境保护,2009,25(1):44-46.KANG Yanhong,LI Guangzhe,LI Guode,et al.Transfer characteristics of metal elements in coal combustion process[J]. Electric Power Environmental Protection,2009,25(1):44-46.
[20]戴爱军.煤灰成分对灰熔融性影响研究[J].洁净煤技术,2007,13(5):23-26.DAI Aijun.Research on influence of ash components in coal ash on ash fusiblility[J]. Clean Coal Technology,2007,13(5):23-26.