排浆速度对尾矿沉积影响的模型试验研究
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摘要
尾矿库中尾砂的沉积规律受颗粒级配、浆体浓度和排浆速度等因素的影响,其中排浆速度是影响尾矿沉积规律的主要因素之一。本文采用自行研制的水力分选粒度分析装置,对阜新同乃铁尾矿砂进行排浆速度分别为0.15cm/s、0.30cm/s、0.45cm/s的尾矿沉积模型试验。研究结果表明:(1)通过单粒尾矿砂临界状态分析,得到了尾矿颗粒运动-沉积临界速度关系和尾矿沉积判据,并通过试验验证其正确性。(2)沉积滩坡度随排浆速度的增加而减小,沉积池内的沉积坡度几乎不受排浆速度影响。(3)排浆速度越大,水平方向尾矿颗粒的分选性越好,以中值粒径为0.040mm代表,三种流速对应位置分别为61.4cm、70.8cm和76.7cm。
Tailings deposition regular pattern in tailings pond is affected by the grain composition,slurry concentration and slurry draining speed and so on,in which,the slurry draining speed is one of main factors affecting the tailings deposition regular pattern.In this paper,taking iron ore tailings sand from Fuxin Tong Nai as samples,using self-developed hydraulic sorting granularity analysis device,a model experiment of tailings deposition regular pattern was carried out under the condition of slurry draining speed is 0.15 cm/s,0.30 cm/s,0.45 cm/s respectively.Experimental results show:(1)Based on the analysis of single particle tailings critical state,relation between tailings particle movement and sedimentation speed and criterion of tailings deposition are obtained and verified by experiments.(2)The slope of deposition beach decreases with the increase of slurry draining speed,but slurry draining speed has little influence on slope of deposition pond.(3)The higher the slurry draining speed is,the better the tailings particle sorting along horizontal direction.Median diameter of tailings particle is 0.040 mm.The locations corresponding to flow speed are 61.4 cm,70.8 cm and76.7 cm,respectively;at three flow speeds,there is hierarchical structure in the vertical crosssection.
Tailings deposition regular pattern in tailings pond is affected by the grain composition,slurry concentration and slurry draining speed and so on,in which,the slurry draining speed is one of main factors affecting the tailings deposition regular pattern.In this paper,taking iron ore tailings sand from Fuxin Tong Nai as samples,using self-developed hydraulic sorting granularity analysis device,a model experiment of tailings deposition regular pattern was carried out under the condition of slurry draining speed is 0.15 cm/s,0.30 cm/s,0.45 cm/s respectively.Experimental results show:(1)Based on the analysis of single particle tailings critical state,relation between tailings particle movement and sedimentation speed and criterion of tailings deposition are obtained and verified by experiments.(2)The slope of deposition beach decreases with the increase of slurry draining speed,but slurry draining speed has little influence on slope of deposition pond.(3)The higher the slurry draining speed is,the better the tailings particle sorting along horizontal direction.Median diameter of tailings particle is 0.040 mm.The locations corresponding to flow speed are 61.4 cm,70.8 cm and76.7 cm,respectively;at three flow speeds,there is hierarchical structure in the vertical crosssection.
引文
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[17]孙望,王鲁海,王兆杰,等.基于PIV测量的超声波流量计内流场特性研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(6):695-702(SUN Wang,WANG Luhai,WANG Zhaojie,et al.On the internal flow field performance of ultrasonic flow meter base on PIV measurement[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2014,29(6):695-702(in Chinese))
[18]王光进,杨春和,张超,等.超高排土场的粒径分级及其边坡稳定性分析研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):905-913(WANG Guangjin,YANG Chunhe,ZHANG Chao,et al.Particle size classification and slope stability analysis of super high row soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):905-913(in Chinese))
[19]Yalin M S.Mmechanics of sediment transport[M].Peramon Press,1972:290.
[20]李芳芳,薛琨,白春华.竖直振动颗粒床对流机制的颗粒尺度实验研究[J].实验力学,2013,28(3):290-298(LI Fangfang,XUE Kun,BAI Chunhua.Experimental study of size in convection mechanism of vertically vibrated particle bed[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(3):290-298(in Chinese))
[2]Sederberg R L,Busch R A.Design guide for metal and nonmetal tailings disposal[R].Bureau of Mines,1977:15-21.
[3]Volpe R.Physical and engineering properties of copper failings[C].Current Geotechnical Physical in Mine Waste Disposal AJCE,1979.
[4]王进学,曹作忠.神经网络预测尾矿沉积规律的方法[J].金属矿山,2003(7):9-12(WANG Jinxue,CAO Zuozhong.Neural network forecasting method of tailings deposition[J].Metal Mine,2003(7):9-12(in Chinese))
[5]尹光志,敬小非,魏作安,等.粗、细尾砂筑坝渗流特性模型实验及现场实测研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(2):3710-3718(YIN Guangzhi,JING Xiaofei,WEI Zuoan,et al.Thick,fine tailings dam seepage characteristics of model experiment and field measurement[J].Rock Mechanics and Engineering of Journal,2010,29(2):3710-3718(in Chinese))
[6]徐宏达.上游式尾矿坝的沉积规律[J].有色矿山,2003,32(5):40-43(XU Hongda.The law of deposition about upstream tailings dam[J].Nonferrous Mine,2003,32(5):40-43(in Chinese))
[7]黄社华,李炜,程良骏.任意流场中稀疏颗粒运动方程及其性质[J].应用数学和力学,2000,21(3):265-276(HUANG Shehua,LI Wei,CHENG Liangjun.On equation of discrete solid particles′motionin arbitrary flow field and its properties[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2000,21(3):265-276(in Chinese))
[8]巫尚蔚,杨春和,张超,等.干滩表层沉积尾矿的细观几何特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):768-777(WU Shangwei,YANG Chunhe,ZHANG Chao,et al.Microscopic geometric characteristics of surface sedimentary tailings[J].Rock Mechanics and Engineering of Journal,2016,35(4):768-777(in Chinese))
[9]杨俊杰.相似理论与模型实验[M].武汉理工大学出版社,2005(YANG Junjie.Similarity theory and model experiment[M].Wuhan University of Technology press,2005(in Chinese))
[10]姚德基.泥石流[M].北京:科学出版社,1986(YAO Deji.Debris flow[M].Beijing:Science Press,1986(in Chinese))
[11]梁冰,姜利国.矸石山剖面颗粒分布规律的实验研究[J].实验力学,2010,25(6):704-711(LIANG Bing,JIANG Liguo.Experimental study on coal gangue profile for the particle size distribution[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2010,25(6):704-711(in Chinese))
[12]钱宁,万兆惠.泥沙运动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003(QIAN Ning,WAN Zhaohui.The mechanics of sediment movement[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003(in Chinese))
[13]舒安平,王乐,杨凯,等.非均质泥石流固液两相运动特征探讨[J].科学通报,2010,55(31):3006-3012(SHU Anping,WANG Yue,YANG Kai,et al.Non homogenous solid-liquid two-phase debris flow movement characteristics of[J].Science Bulletin,2010,55(31):3006-3012(in Chinese))
[14]庄琦,王日龙,史雪慧,等.基于DIC的受载砂土颗粒体系的细观参数及运动分析[J].实验力学,2016,31(3):377-385(ZHUANG Qi,WANG Rilong,SHI Xuehui,et al.On the meso parameters and movement analysis of a load and particles system based on DIC[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2016,31(3):377-385(in Chinese))
[15]李强,张立霆,齐清兰,等.基于流固耦合理论某尾矿坝失稳特性及稳定性[J].岩土力学,2012,33(增2):243-250(LI Qiang,ZHANG Liting,QI Qinglan,et al.Instability characteristics and stability of a tailing dam based on fluid solid coupling theory[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(sup2):243-250(in Chinese))
[16]曲轶众,倪晋仁,孟晓刚.固液两相流中固体颗粒的垂直分选机理[J].水动力学研究与进展,2003,18(4):483-488(QU Yizhong,NI Jinren,MENG Xiaogang.Vertical separation mechanism of solid particles in solid-liquid two-phase flow[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2003,18(4):483-488(in Chinese))
[17]孙望,王鲁海,王兆杰,等.基于PIV测量的超声波流量计内流场特性研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(6):695-702(SUN Wang,WANG Luhai,WANG Zhaojie,et al.On the internal flow field performance of ultrasonic flow meter base on PIV measurement[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2014,29(6):695-702(in Chinese))
[18]王光进,杨春和,张超,等.超高排土场的粒径分级及其边坡稳定性分析研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(3):905-913(WANG Guangjin,YANG Chunhe,ZHANG Chao,et al.Particle size classification and slope stability analysis of super high row soil[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(3):905-913(in Chinese))
[19]Yalin M S.Mmechanics of sediment transport[M].Peramon Press,1972:290.
[20]李芳芳,薛琨,白春华.竖直振动颗粒床对流机制的颗粒尺度实验研究[J].实验力学,2013,28(3):290-298(LI Fangfang,XUE Kun,BAI Chunhua.Experimental study of size in convection mechanism of vertically vibrated particle bed[J].Journal of Experimental Mechanics,2013,28(3):290-298(in Chinese))