银川盆地35.0ka以来古植被演化的类脂分子记录
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摘要
为了更好地了解干旱-半干旱区的植被类型及其演化规律,利用气相色谱仪对银川盆地冰沟剖面河湖相沉积物中的正构烷烃进行了检测,结果显示其正构烷烃碳数分布范围为C_(15)～C_(34),奇碳优势明显,以C_(29)或C_(31)为主峰的单峰型为主,但少量样品也出现双峰型分布模式。通过对冰沟剖面正构烷烃分布特征、碳优势指数CPI和L/H(∑C_(21-)/∑C_(22+))指标的详细分析,得知其有机质来源以陆生高等植物占主导优势。结合年代数据、有机碳同位素、长链正构烷烃平均链长ACL和C_(33)/(C_(33+)C_(27))值,重建出35. 0ka以来银川盆地植被类型以C_3植物为主,并且C_3和C_4植物的相对比例变化主导受温度制约,而木本和草本植被的演化主要受控于水分条件。
By the aid of GC method,n-alkanes have been identified fluvial-lacustrine sediments from the Binggou profile of the Yinchuan basin,Ningxia,to characterize the palaeovegetation types and evolutions in arid and semi-arid regions. The results show that the n-alkanes with carbon numbers ranging from C_(15) to C_(34) exhibit different distribution patterns. Most samples show a single peak with high carbons( C_(29) or C_(31) in particular) and have an odd-over-even carbon number predominance,while others have double peaks( the first peak is lower homologue and the second peak is high carbon).The distributions of n-alkanes,CPI and L/H values show that the organic matter in the Binggou profile primarily comes from terrestrial. According to OSL sequence,organic carbon isotope,ACL,and C_(33)/( C_(33+)C_(27)),the relative contents of C_4 plants and the evolution of herbs and woody plants have been reconstructed in the study area since 35. 0 ka. As a result,C_3 plants in the Yinchuan basin have great dominance and the changes of C_3 and C_4 plants are constrained by temperature,while the evolution of woody and herbaceous vegetation is mainly controlled by moisture.
By the aid of GC method,n-alkanes have been identified fluvial-lacustrine sediments from the Binggou profile of the Yinchuan basin,Ningxia,to characterize the palaeovegetation types and evolutions in arid and semi-arid regions. The results show that the n-alkanes with carbon numbers ranging from C_(15) to C_(34) exhibit different distribution patterns. Most samples show a single peak with high carbons( C_(29) or C_(31) in particular) and have an odd-over-even carbon number predominance,while others have double peaks( the first peak is lower homologue and the second peak is high carbon).The distributions of n-alkanes,CPI and L/H values show that the organic matter in the Binggou profile primarily comes from terrestrial. According to OSL sequence,organic carbon isotope,ACL,and C_(33)/( C_(33+)C_(27)),the relative contents of C_4 plants and the evolution of herbs and woody plants have been reconstructed in the study area since 35. 0 ka. As a result,C_3 plants in the Yinchuan basin have great dominance and the changes of C_3 and C_4 plants are constrained by temperature,while the evolution of woody and herbaceous vegetation is mainly controlled by moisture.
引文
Bush R T,Mcinerney F A.2013.Leaf wax n-alkane distributions in and across modern plants:implications for paleoecology and chemotaxonomy[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,117(117):161-179.
Chen Fahu,Rao Zhiguo,Zhang Jiawu,Jin Ming,Ma Jianying.2006.δ13Corgvariations and its significance of western Loess Plateau since the last glacial[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,51(11):1310-1317(in Chinese).
Chen P N,Wang G A,Han J M,Liu X J,Liu M.2010.δ13C difference between plants and soil organic matter along the eastern slope of Mount Gongga[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,55(1):55-62.
Connin S L,Feng X,Virginia R A.2001.Isotopic discrimination during long-term decomposition in an arid land ecosystem[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,33(1):41-51.
Cranwell P A,Eglinton G,Robinson N.1987.Lipids of aquatic organisms as potential contributors to lacustrine sediments[J].Organic Geochemistry,11(6):513-527.
Feng X H,Epstein S.1995.Carbon isotopes of trees from arid environments and implications for reconstructing atmospheric CO2concentration[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,59(59):2599-2608.
Gu Zhaoyan,Liu Qiang,Xu Bing,Han Jiamao,Yang Shiling,Ding Zhongli,Liu Dongsheng.2003.The relative abundance of C3/C4plants of the Loess plateau controlled by climate change during the last glacial[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,48(13):1458-1464(in Chinese).
Hughen K,Eglinton T I,Li X,Makou T.2004.Abrupt tropical vegetation response to rapid climate changes[J].Science,304(5679):1955-1959.
Liu Decheng,Wang Xulong,Gao Xing,Xia Zhengkai,Pei Shuwen,Chen Fuyou.2009.Progress on the stratigraphy and geochronology of the Shuidonggou site,Ningxia,North China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,54:3880-3886(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Hu,Liu Weiguo.2015.Relationship of plant leaf wax n-alkanes molecular distribution characteristics and vegetation types[J].Journal of Earth Environment,6(3):168-179(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Pinggui,Fan Shuxian,Li Xueju.2000.Characteristics of the Quaternary geochemistry elements and sedimentary environment in the Yinchuan Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,6(4):43-50(in Chinese).
Liu W G,Feng X H,Ning Y F,An Z S.2005.δ13C variation of C3and C4plants across an Asian monsoon rainfall gradient in arid northwestern China[J].Global Change Biology,11(7):1094-1100.
Meyers P A,Horie S.1993.An organic carbon isotopic record of glacialpost glacial change in atmospheric Pco2in the sediments of lake Biwa,Japan[J].Paleogeography Paleoclimatology Paleoecology,105(3-4):171-178.
Ning Y F,Liu W G,An Z S.2008.A 130ka reconstruction of precipitation on the Chinese loess plateau from organic carbon isotopes[J].Paleogeography Paleoclimatology Paleoecology,270(1):59-63.
Peng Hongxia,Li Changan,Yang Guifang,Yu Huagui,Huang Changsheng.2003.Content of carbonate of loess and significance of palaeoclimate:Taking Hongzuisi section in Lanzhou as an example[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,23(1):3-55(in Chinese with English abstract).
Pu Yang,Zhang Hucai,Lei Guoliang,Chang Fengqing,Yang Mingsheng,Zhang Wenxiang,Lei Yanbin,Yang Lunqing,Pang Youzhi.2010.The late MIS3 climate changes of Qaidam basin in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet inferred from its plateau lake sediments,n-alkanes record[J].Science China Earth Sciences,36(5):624-631(in Chinese with English abstract).
Rao Zhiguo,Chen Fahu,Zhang Xiao,Xu Yuanbin,Xue Qian,Zhang Pingyu.2012.Spatial and temporal variations of C3/C4relative abundance in global terrestrial ecosystem since the last glacial and its possible driving mechanisms[J].Chin Science Bulletin,57(18):1633-1645(in Chinese).
Rao Zhiguo,Wu Ji,Zhu Zhaoyu,Jia Guodong,Andrew H.2011.Is the maximum carbon number of long-chain n-alkanes an indicator of grassland or forest?Evidence from surface soils and modern plants[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,56(10):774-780(in Chinese).
Tong Guobang,Shi Ying,Fan Shuxian,Zhang Junpai,Song Xianghua,Liu Zhenxi,Qiao Guangdong,Zhang Jixiang.1995.Environment features of Yinchuan basin in Late Quarernary[J].Earth Science,20(4):421-426(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chengmin,Guo Shengqiao.2005.Age dating of lacustrine deposits in the Ningjinpo area,Shijiazhuang,North China Plain[J].Geological Bulletin of China,24(7):655-659(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Guoan,Han Jiamao,Liu Dongsheng.2003.A study on the isotopic composition of C3herbaceous plants in the loess region of northern China[J].Science in China(series D),33(6):550-556(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang J P,Shen M M,Hu J M,Wei M J,Zhao X H,Liu S C,Li X L,Li XL.2015.Magnetostratigraphy and its paleoclimatic significance of the PL02 borehole in the Yinchuan basin[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,114:258-265.
Watanabe T,Naraoka H,Nishimura M,Kawai T.2004.Biological and environmental changes in Lake Baikal during the Late Quaternary inferred from carbon,nitrogen and sulfur isotopes[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,222(1):285-299.
Xie Shucheng,Wang Zhiyuan,Wang Hongmei,Chen Fahu,An Chengbang.2002.The grassland vegetation landscape of Loess Plateau referred from molecular fossils since the last interglacial period[J].Scince in China(series D),32(1):28-35(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Zhenjing,Liu Zhiming,Zhang Junpai,Tong Guobang,Yang Xiaolan.2001.Sporopollen records and paleoclimate study of Yinchuan Basin since Mid-Pleistocene[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,21(3):43-49(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Z R,Shi P J,Fang X Q.2008.Paleovegetation reconstruction usingδ13C of soil organic matter[J].Biogeosciences,5(2):1325-1337.
Yu Junqing,Wang Xiaoyan,Li Jun,An Zhisheng.2001.Paleoenvironmental interpretations on organic carbon isotopic records from lake sediments:A critique[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,13(1):72-78(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Jie,Jia Guodong.2009.Application of plant-derived n-alkanes and their compound specific hydrogen isotopic composition in paleoenvironment research[J].Advance in Earth Science,24(8):874-881(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Yongshuang,Sun Lu,Yin Xiulan,Meng Hui.2017.Progress and prospect of research on environmental geology of China:A review[J].Geology in China,44(5):901-912(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou Bin,Waili Gu,Peterse F,Bird M I.2016.Organic carbon isotope and molecular fossil records of vegetation evolution in central Loess Plateau since 450kyr[J].Science China Earth Sciences,46(4):509-518(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈发虎,饶志国,张家武,金明,马剑英.2006.陇西黄土高原末次冰期有机碳同位素变化及其意义[J].科学通报,51(11):1310-1317.
顾兆炎,刘强,许冰,韩家懋,杨石岭,丁仲礼,刘东生.2003.气候变化对黄土高原末次盛冰期以来的C3/C4植物相对丰度的控制[J].科学通报,48(13):1458-1464.
刘德成,王旭龙,高星,夏正楷,裴树文,陈福友.2009.水洞沟遗址地层划分与年代测定新进展[J].科学通报,54(19):2879-2885.
刘虎,刘卫国.2015.植物叶蜡正构烷烃分子分布特征与植被类型的关系[J].地球环境学报,6(3):168-179.
刘平贵,范淑贤,李雪菊.2000.银川盆地第四纪地球化学元素特征及沉积环境[J].地质力学学报,6(4):43-50.
彭红霞,李长安,杨桂芳,余华贵,黄长生.2003.黄土中碳酸盐含量变化及其古气候记录-以兰州红咀寺剖面为例[J].地质科技情报,23(1):3-55.
蒲阳,张虎才,雷国良,常凤琴,杨明生,张文翔,类延斌,杨伦庆,庞有智.2010.青藏高原东北部柴达木盆地古湖泊沉积物正构烷烃记录的MIS3晚期气候变化[J].中国科学:地球科学,36(5):624-631.
饶志国,陈发虎,张晓,许元斌,薛骞,张平宇.2012.末次冰期以来全球陆地植被中C3/C4植物相对丰度时空变化基本特征及其可能的驱动机制[J].科学通报,57(18):1633-1645.
饶志国,吴翼,朱照宇,贾国东,Andrew H.2011.长链正构烷烃主峰碳数作为判别草本和木本植物指标的讨论:来自表土和现代植物的证据[J].科学通报,56(10):774-780.
童国榜,石英,范淑贤,张俊牌,宋祥华,刘振西,乔光东,张纪祥.1995.银川盆地晚第四纪环境特征[J].地球科学,20(4):421-426.
王成敏,郭盛乔.2005.华北平原石家庄东南部宁晋泊地区湖相地层的年龄测定[J].地质通报,24(7):655-659.
王国安,韩家懋,刘东生.2003.中国北方黄土区C3草本植物同位素组成研究[J].中国科学(D辑),33(6):550-556.
谢树成,王志远,王红梅,陈发虎,安成邦.2002.末次间冰期以来黄土高原的草原植被景观:来自分子化石的证据[J].中国科学(D辑),32(1):28-35.
杨振京,刘志明,张俊牌,童国榜,阳小兰.2001.银川盆地中更新世以来的孢粉记录及古气候研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,21(3):43-49.
余俊清,王小燕,李军,安芷生.2001.湖泊沉积有机碳同位素与环境变化的研究进展[J].湖泊科学,13(1):72-78.
张杰,贾国东.2009.植物正构烷烃及其单体氢同位素在古环境研究中的应用[J].地球科学进展,24(8):874-881.
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周斌,古再丽努尔·外力,Peterse F,Bird M I.2016.黄土高原中部450ka以来植被演化的有机碳同位素与分子化石记录[J].中国科学:地球科学,46(4):509-518.
Chen Fahu,Rao Zhiguo,Zhang Jiawu,Jin Ming,Ma Jianying.2006.δ13Corgvariations and its significance of western Loess Plateau since the last glacial[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,51(11):1310-1317(in Chinese).
Chen P N,Wang G A,Han J M,Liu X J,Liu M.2010.δ13C difference between plants and soil organic matter along the eastern slope of Mount Gongga[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,55(1):55-62.
Connin S L,Feng X,Virginia R A.2001.Isotopic discrimination during long-term decomposition in an arid land ecosystem[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,33(1):41-51.
Cranwell P A,Eglinton G,Robinson N.1987.Lipids of aquatic organisms as potential contributors to lacustrine sediments[J].Organic Geochemistry,11(6):513-527.
Feng X H,Epstein S.1995.Carbon isotopes of trees from arid environments and implications for reconstructing atmospheric CO2concentration[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,59(59):2599-2608.
Gu Zhaoyan,Liu Qiang,Xu Bing,Han Jiamao,Yang Shiling,Ding Zhongli,Liu Dongsheng.2003.The relative abundance of C3/C4plants of the Loess plateau controlled by climate change during the last glacial[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,48(13):1458-1464(in Chinese).
Hughen K,Eglinton T I,Li X,Makou T.2004.Abrupt tropical vegetation response to rapid climate changes[J].Science,304(5679):1955-1959.
Liu Decheng,Wang Xulong,Gao Xing,Xia Zhengkai,Pei Shuwen,Chen Fuyou.2009.Progress on the stratigraphy and geochronology of the Shuidonggou site,Ningxia,North China[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,54:3880-3886(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Hu,Liu Weiguo.2015.Relationship of plant leaf wax n-alkanes molecular distribution characteristics and vegetation types[J].Journal of Earth Environment,6(3):168-179(in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Pinggui,Fan Shuxian,Li Xueju.2000.Characteristics of the Quaternary geochemistry elements and sedimentary environment in the Yinchuan Basin[J].Journal of Geomechanics,6(4):43-50(in Chinese).
Liu W G,Feng X H,Ning Y F,An Z S.2005.δ13C variation of C3and C4plants across an Asian monsoon rainfall gradient in arid northwestern China[J].Global Change Biology,11(7):1094-1100.
Meyers P A,Horie S.1993.An organic carbon isotopic record of glacialpost glacial change in atmospheric Pco2in the sediments of lake Biwa,Japan[J].Paleogeography Paleoclimatology Paleoecology,105(3-4):171-178.
Ning Y F,Liu W G,An Z S.2008.A 130ka reconstruction of precipitation on the Chinese loess plateau from organic carbon isotopes[J].Paleogeography Paleoclimatology Paleoecology,270(1):59-63.
Peng Hongxia,Li Changan,Yang Guifang,Yu Huagui,Huang Changsheng.2003.Content of carbonate of loess and significance of palaeoclimate:Taking Hongzuisi section in Lanzhou as an example[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,23(1):3-55(in Chinese with English abstract).
Pu Yang,Zhang Hucai,Lei Guoliang,Chang Fengqing,Yang Mingsheng,Zhang Wenxiang,Lei Yanbin,Yang Lunqing,Pang Youzhi.2010.The late MIS3 climate changes of Qaidam basin in the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet inferred from its plateau lake sediments,n-alkanes record[J].Science China Earth Sciences,36(5):624-631(in Chinese with English abstract).
Rao Zhiguo,Chen Fahu,Zhang Xiao,Xu Yuanbin,Xue Qian,Zhang Pingyu.2012.Spatial and temporal variations of C3/C4relative abundance in global terrestrial ecosystem since the last glacial and its possible driving mechanisms[J].Chin Science Bulletin,57(18):1633-1645(in Chinese).
Rao Zhiguo,Wu Ji,Zhu Zhaoyu,Jia Guodong,Andrew H.2011.Is the maximum carbon number of long-chain n-alkanes an indicator of grassland or forest?Evidence from surface soils and modern plants[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,56(10):774-780(in Chinese).
Tong Guobang,Shi Ying,Fan Shuxian,Zhang Junpai,Song Xianghua,Liu Zhenxi,Qiao Guangdong,Zhang Jixiang.1995.Environment features of Yinchuan basin in Late Quarernary[J].Earth Science,20(4):421-426(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Chengmin,Guo Shengqiao.2005.Age dating of lacustrine deposits in the Ningjinpo area,Shijiazhuang,North China Plain[J].Geological Bulletin of China,24(7):655-659(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Guoan,Han Jiamao,Liu Dongsheng.2003.A study on the isotopic composition of C3herbaceous plants in the loess region of northern China[J].Science in China(series D),33(6):550-556(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang J P,Shen M M,Hu J M,Wei M J,Zhao X H,Liu S C,Li X L,Li XL.2015.Magnetostratigraphy and its paleoclimatic significance of the PL02 borehole in the Yinchuan basin[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,114:258-265.
Watanabe T,Naraoka H,Nishimura M,Kawai T.2004.Biological and environmental changes in Lake Baikal during the Late Quaternary inferred from carbon,nitrogen and sulfur isotopes[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,222(1):285-299.
Xie Shucheng,Wang Zhiyuan,Wang Hongmei,Chen Fahu,An Chengbang.2002.The grassland vegetation landscape of Loess Plateau referred from molecular fossils since the last interglacial period[J].Scince in China(series D),32(1):28-35(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Zhenjing,Liu Zhiming,Zhang Junpai,Tong Guobang,Yang Xiaolan.2001.Sporopollen records and paleoclimate study of Yinchuan Basin since Mid-Pleistocene[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,21(3):43-49(in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Z R,Shi P J,Fang X Q.2008.Paleovegetation reconstruction usingδ13C of soil organic matter[J].Biogeosciences,5(2):1325-1337.
Yu Junqing,Wang Xiaoyan,Li Jun,An Zhisheng.2001.Paleoenvironmental interpretations on organic carbon isotopic records from lake sediments:A critique[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,13(1):72-78(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Jie,Jia Guodong.2009.Application of plant-derived n-alkanes and their compound specific hydrogen isotopic composition in paleoenvironment research[J].Advance in Earth Science,24(8):874-881(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Yongshuang,Sun Lu,Yin Xiulan,Meng Hui.2017.Progress and prospect of research on environmental geology of China:A review[J].Geology in China,44(5):901-912(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou Bin,Waili Gu,Peterse F,Bird M I.2016.Organic carbon isotope and molecular fossil records of vegetation evolution in central Loess Plateau since 450kyr[J].Science China Earth Sciences,46(4):509-518(in Chinese with English abstract).
陈发虎,饶志国,张家武,金明,马剑英.2006.陇西黄土高原末次冰期有机碳同位素变化及其意义[J].科学通报,51(11):1310-1317.
顾兆炎,刘强,许冰,韩家懋,杨石岭,丁仲礼,刘东生.2003.气候变化对黄土高原末次盛冰期以来的C3/C4植物相对丰度的控制[J].科学通报,48(13):1458-1464.
刘德成,王旭龙,高星,夏正楷,裴树文,陈福友.2009.水洞沟遗址地层划分与年代测定新进展[J].科学通报,54(19):2879-2885.
刘虎,刘卫国.2015.植物叶蜡正构烷烃分子分布特征与植被类型的关系[J].地球环境学报,6(3):168-179.
刘平贵,范淑贤,李雪菊.2000.银川盆地第四纪地球化学元素特征及沉积环境[J].地质力学学报,6(4):43-50.
彭红霞,李长安,杨桂芳,余华贵,黄长生.2003.黄土中碳酸盐含量变化及其古气候记录-以兰州红咀寺剖面为例[J].地质科技情报,23(1):3-55.
蒲阳,张虎才,雷国良,常凤琴,杨明生,张文翔,类延斌,杨伦庆,庞有智.2010.青藏高原东北部柴达木盆地古湖泊沉积物正构烷烃记录的MIS3晚期气候变化[J].中国科学:地球科学,36(5):624-631.
饶志国,陈发虎,张晓,许元斌,薛骞,张平宇.2012.末次冰期以来全球陆地植被中C3/C4植物相对丰度时空变化基本特征及其可能的驱动机制[J].科学通报,57(18):1633-1645.
饶志国,吴翼,朱照宇,贾国东,Andrew H.2011.长链正构烷烃主峰碳数作为判别草本和木本植物指标的讨论:来自表土和现代植物的证据[J].科学通报,56(10):774-780.
童国榜,石英,范淑贤,张俊牌,宋祥华,刘振西,乔光东,张纪祥.1995.银川盆地晚第四纪环境特征[J].地球科学,20(4):421-426.
王成敏,郭盛乔.2005.华北平原石家庄东南部宁晋泊地区湖相地层的年龄测定[J].地质通报,24(7):655-659.
王国安,韩家懋,刘东生.2003.中国北方黄土区C3草本植物同位素组成研究[J].中国科学(D辑),33(6):550-556.
谢树成,王志远,王红梅,陈发虎,安成邦.2002.末次间冰期以来黄土高原的草原植被景观:来自分子化石的证据[J].中国科学(D辑),32(1):28-35.
杨振京,刘志明,张俊牌,童国榜,阳小兰.2001.银川盆地中更新世以来的孢粉记录及古气候研究[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,21(3):43-49.
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