深孔预裂爆破弱化坚硬陷落柱技术研究
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摘要
针对庞庞塔煤矿综放工作面范围内陷落柱岩石坚硬、采煤机截割困难、截齿损耗大,严重制约工作面的推进速度和生产效率等问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验相结合的方法,分析了综放工作面煤层赋存情况和岩石预裂爆破机理,提出过陷落柱构造采用深孔预裂爆破技术方案和爆破参数,并利用数值模拟和现场工业性试验验证了爆破方案及参数的合理性,取得了良好的爆破松动效果。研究表明:利用深孔预裂爆破弱化工作面的陷落柱,打眼放炮工作均在工作面运输巷内进行,不干扰工作面正常生产作业,极大地提高了工作面的推进速度和生产效率。
Aiming at the problem that fully mechanized caving face getting through collapse column is very difficult as a result of hard rock,coal mining machine cutting difficulty and great loss of pick seriously restrict the speed and productivity of working face. In order to solve these problems,by theoretical research and experiment on worksite,the geological structure conditions of working face and presplit blasting principle of rock are analyzed,the deep hole presplit blasting and construction requirements are put forward. The rationality of blasting scheme and parameters was verified by numerical simulation and on-site experiment,which achieved favorable blasting effect. Result of study indicates that the speed and efficiency of fully mechanized caving coal face are improved greatly, because drilling and blasting are operated in transportation channel and normal production work of caving coal face is not interfered by adopting deep hole presplit blasting.
Aiming at the problem that fully mechanized caving face getting through collapse column is very difficult as a result of hard rock,coal mining machine cutting difficulty and great loss of pick seriously restrict the speed and productivity of working face. In order to solve these problems,by theoretical research and experiment on worksite,the geological structure conditions of working face and presplit blasting principle of rock are analyzed,the deep hole presplit blasting and construction requirements are put forward. The rationality of blasting scheme and parameters was verified by numerical simulation and on-site experiment,which achieved favorable blasting effect. Result of study indicates that the speed and efficiency of fully mechanized caving coal face are improved greatly, because drilling and blasting are operated in transportation channel and normal production work of caving coal face is not interfered by adopting deep hole presplit blasting.
引文
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[2]李振华,徐高明,李见波.我国陷落柱突水问题的研究现状与展望[J].中国矿业,2009,18(4):107-109.
[3]陈秋宇,李海波,夏祥,等.爆炸荷载下空孔效应的研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(11):2749-2755.
[4]刘健,刘泽功,高魁,等.深孔爆破在综放开采坚硬顶煤预先弱化和瓦斯抽采中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):3361-3367.
[5]孟德军,何爱忠,朱昊,等.煤矿坚硬岩石巷道中深孔爆破技术应用研究[J].工程爆破,2008,14(3):31-34.
[6]高魁,刘泽功,刘健.深孔爆破在深井坚硬复合顶板沿空留巷强制放顶中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(8):1588-1593.
[7]赵文.超前深孔预裂爆破弱化采煤工作面坚硬顶板技术研究[J].煤矿开采,2012,17(5):88-90.
[8]李超,康天合,张彬.综放初采期深孔预裂爆破弱化顶板的试验研究[J].煤矿安全,2015,46(10):28-31.
[9]王志亮.煤层深孔预裂爆破裂隙扩展机理与应用研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2009.
[10]王晋勇,李政,沈玉旭,等.深孔预裂爆破弱化综放孤岛工作面坚硬顶板技术[J].煤矿安全,2014,45(9):79-81.