冻结井壁解冻过程中突水溃砂机理及防治技术
|
摘要
为了解决富水砂层冻结井壁解冻过程中突水溃砂灾害问题,通过理论分析、室内试验和现场测试,研究富水砂层冻结壁解冻过程中突水溃砂形成机理,低温环境下浆液的凝结特性和强度变化特征,注浆驱水、固砂技术和方法。研究结果表明:解冻过程中渗水通道为施工冷缝和混凝土收缩裂缝,涌水量随着解冻范围的扩大而增大,缝隙亦随之扩大,最终导致突水溃砂灾害;袖阀管注浆可有效充填井筒周围裂缝、驱水、固砂,添加水泥质量5%的工业盐可显著缩短水泥浆凝结时间,并且抗压、抗折强度增长明显。注浆后,井筒涌水量由400 m~3/h下降到70 m~3/h,达到封堵通道、减少物源、降低水头的目的。
In order to solve a water inrush and running sand problems occurred in the thawing process of the freezing shaft wall in the watery sand layer,with the theoretical analysis,indoor test and site test,a study was conducted on the formation mechanism of the water inrush and running sand occurred in the thawing process of the freezing shaft wall in the watery sand layer,the grout setting features under the low temperature environment and the technology and method of the grouting and water dispersed as well as the sand consolidation. The study results showed that during the thawing process,the water permeable channel would be the construction cold joints and the concrete shrinkage cracks. The water inflow would be increased with the thawing scope expanded,the cracks also would be expanded and finally a disaster of the water inrush and running sand would be caused. A grouting with a sleeve valve pipe could effectively backfill the cracks around the mine shaft liner,could disperse the underground water and could consolidate the sand. With the grout mixed with 5 % industrial salt,the mud slurry setting time would be obviously shortened and the compressive strength and bending strength both would obviously increased. After the grouting completed,the water inflow in the mine shaft was decreased from 400 m~3/h to 70 m~3/h and reached the targets to seal the channel,reduce the material sources and decrease the water head.
In order to solve a water inrush and running sand problems occurred in the thawing process of the freezing shaft wall in the watery sand layer,with the theoretical analysis,indoor test and site test,a study was conducted on the formation mechanism of the water inrush and running sand occurred in the thawing process of the freezing shaft wall in the watery sand layer,the grout setting features under the low temperature environment and the technology and method of the grouting and water dispersed as well as the sand consolidation. The study results showed that during the thawing process,the water permeable channel would be the construction cold joints and the concrete shrinkage cracks. The water inflow would be increased with the thawing scope expanded,the cracks also would be expanded and finally a disaster of the water inrush and running sand would be caused. A grouting with a sleeve valve pipe could effectively backfill the cracks around the mine shaft liner,could disperse the underground water and could consolidate the sand. With the grout mixed with 5 % industrial salt,the mud slurry setting time would be obviously shortened and the compressive strength and bending strength both would obviously increased. After the grouting completed,the water inflow in the mine shaft was decreased from 400 m~3/h to 70 m~3/h and reached the targets to seal the channel,reduce the material sources and decrease the water head.
引文
[1]李多权.高压水作用下冻结井壁渗漏水机理试验研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2009:1-3,7-16.
[2]曹祖宝,邵红旗,朱明诚.冻结井筒冻结孔涌水机理及逆流引流注浆封堵技术[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2012,39(8):46-49.CAO Zubao,SHAO Hongqi,ZHU Mingcheng. Water mechanism of freezing hole of frazen shaft and counter-flow water diversion grouting sealing technology[J]. Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2012,39(8):46-49.
[3]檀小龙.温度-应力-水力耦合下深冻结井壁涌漏水机理研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2011:1-3.
[4]隋旺华,董青红,蔡光桃,等.采掘溃砂机理与预防[M].北京:地质出版社,2008:1-5,82-92.
[5]隋旺华,梁艳坤,张改玲,等.采掘中突水溃砂机理研究现状及展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(11):5-9.SUI Wanghua,LIANG Yankun,ZHANG Gailing,et al.Study Status and Outlook of Risk Evaluation on Water Inrush and Sand Inrush Mechanism of Excavation and Mining[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(11):5-9.
[6]范立民,马雄德.浅埋煤层矿井突水溃砂灾害研究进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):8-12.FAN Limin,MA Xiongde.Research progress of water inrush hazard in shallow buried coal seam mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):8-12.
[7]范立民,马雄德,蒋辉,等.西部生态脆弱区矿井水溃沙危险性分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):531-536.FANLimin,MA Xiongde,JIANG Hui,et al. Risk evaluation on water and sand inrush in ecologically fragile coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):531-536.
[8]李江华,许延春,董检平,等.风化泥岩裂缝涌水及扩展规律模拟试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(4):984-991.LI Jianghua,XU Yanchun,DONG Jianping,et al. Experimental research on water burst and extension law of weathered mudstone crack[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(4):984-991.
[9]张杰,侯忠杰,马砺.浅埋煤层老顶岩块回转过程中溃沙分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2006,26(2):158-160.ZHANG Jie,HOU Zhongjie,MA Li.Sand inrush in roof rock’s rotating in shallow seam ming[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2006,26(2):158-160.
[10]杨伟峰,吉育兵,赵国荣,等.厚松散层薄基岩采动诱发水砂流运移特征试验[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(4):686-692.YANG Weifeng,JI Yubing,ZHAO Guorong,et al. Experimental Study on migration characteristics of mixed water and sand flows induced by mining under thin bedrock and thick unconsolidated formations[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(4):686-692.
[11]梁艳坤,隋旺华.地下松散层内疏放水钻孔溃砂量模拟试验[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(3):14-18.LIANG Yankun,SUI Wanghua.Experimental study on the volume of quicks and through underground boreholes[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2011,38(3):14-18.
[12]卢明师.浅埋采场涌水溃砂控制机理研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2004:20-26.
[13]邵红旗.引流注浆封堵深基岩冻结井筒冻结孔涌水技术[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(1):74-76,79.SHAO Hongqi. Sealing deep freezing bedrock shaft frozen hole bursting water technology with water diversion grouting[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013.44(1):74-76,79.
[14]吴璋,王晓东,武光辉,等.井筒冻结孔解冻涌水发生机制及其控制技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(1):35-42.WU Zhang,WAGN Xiaodong,WU Guanghui,et al. Mechanism and control technology of water inrush from shaft freezing holes after thawing[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(1):35-42.
[15]袁克阔,李雄伟,徐拴海,等.巨厚富水松散砂层溃砂灾害现状与注浆固沙技术研究及应用[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2017,15(4):32-38.YUAN Kekuo,LI Xiongwei,XU Shuanhai,et al. Underground grouting-reconstruction technology for thick water-rich sand layer and its engineering practice[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2017,15(4):32-38.
[16]薛建坤,朱明诚,牛光亮,等.环状隔离体技术在塔然高勒煤矿主井冻结孔涌水封堵中的应用[J].现代矿业,2016(7):187-190.XUE Jiankun, ZHU Mingcheng, NIU Guangliang, et al.Application of annular isolation technology in the water inflow of the main shaft freezing hole in Tarangaole Coal Mine[J].Modern Mining,2016(7):187-190.
[2]曹祖宝,邵红旗,朱明诚.冻结井筒冻结孔涌水机理及逆流引流注浆封堵技术[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2012,39(8):46-49.CAO Zubao,SHAO Hongqi,ZHU Mingcheng. Water mechanism of freezing hole of frazen shaft and counter-flow water diversion grouting sealing technology[J]. Exploration Engineering:Rock&Soil Drilling and Tunneling,2012,39(8):46-49.
[3]檀小龙.温度-应力-水力耦合下深冻结井壁涌漏水机理研究[D].淮南:安徽理工大学,2011:1-3.
[4]隋旺华,董青红,蔡光桃,等.采掘溃砂机理与预防[M].北京:地质出版社,2008:1-5,82-92.
[5]隋旺华,梁艳坤,张改玲,等.采掘中突水溃砂机理研究现状及展望[J].煤炭科学技术,2011,39(11):5-9.SUI Wanghua,LIANG Yankun,ZHANG Gailing,et al.Study Status and Outlook of Risk Evaluation on Water Inrush and Sand Inrush Mechanism of Excavation and Mining[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2011,39(11):5-9.
[6]范立民,马雄德.浅埋煤层矿井突水溃砂灾害研究进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(1):8-12.FAN Limin,MA Xiongde.Research progress of water inrush hazard in shallow buried coal seam mine[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(1):8-12.
[7]范立民,马雄德,蒋辉,等.西部生态脆弱区矿井水溃沙危险性分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(3):531-536.FANLimin,MA Xiongde,JIANG Hui,et al. Risk evaluation on water and sand inrush in ecologically fragile coal mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(3):531-536.
[8]李江华,许延春,董检平,等.风化泥岩裂缝涌水及扩展规律模拟试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(4):984-991.LI Jianghua,XU Yanchun,DONG Jianping,et al. Experimental research on water burst and extension law of weathered mudstone crack[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(4):984-991.
[9]张杰,侯忠杰,马砺.浅埋煤层老顶岩块回转过程中溃沙分析[J].西安科技大学学报,2006,26(2):158-160.ZHANG Jie,HOU Zhongjie,MA Li.Sand inrush in roof rock’s rotating in shallow seam ming[J].Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology,2006,26(2):158-160.
[10]杨伟峰,吉育兵,赵国荣,等.厚松散层薄基岩采动诱发水砂流运移特征试验[J].岩土工程学报,2012,34(4):686-692.YANG Weifeng,JI Yubing,ZHAO Guorong,et al. Experimental Study on migration characteristics of mixed water and sand flows induced by mining under thin bedrock and thick unconsolidated formations[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2012,34(4):686-692.
[11]梁艳坤,隋旺华.地下松散层内疏放水钻孔溃砂量模拟试验[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(3):14-18.LIANG Yankun,SUI Wanghua.Experimental study on the volume of quicks and through underground boreholes[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2011,38(3):14-18.
[12]卢明师.浅埋采场涌水溃砂控制机理研究[D].西安:西安科技大学,2004:20-26.
[13]邵红旗.引流注浆封堵深基岩冻结井筒冻结孔涌水技术[J].煤矿安全,2013,44(1):74-76,79.SHAO Hongqi. Sealing deep freezing bedrock shaft frozen hole bursting water technology with water diversion grouting[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013.44(1):74-76,79.
[14]吴璋,王晓东,武光辉,等.井筒冻结孔解冻涌水发生机制及其控制技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2015,43(1):35-42.WU Zhang,WAGN Xiaodong,WU Guanghui,et al. Mechanism and control technology of water inrush from shaft freezing holes after thawing[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2015,43(1):35-42.
[15]袁克阔,李雄伟,徐拴海,等.巨厚富水松散砂层溃砂灾害现状与注浆固沙技术研究及应用[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2017,15(4):32-38.YUAN Kekuo,LI Xiongwei,XU Shuanhai,et al. Underground grouting-reconstruction technology for thick water-rich sand layer and its engineering practice[J]. Journal of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,2017,15(4):32-38.
[16]薛建坤,朱明诚,牛光亮,等.环状隔离体技术在塔然高勒煤矿主井冻结孔涌水封堵中的应用[J].现代矿业,2016(7):187-190.XUE Jiankun, ZHU Mingcheng, NIU Guangliang, et al.Application of annular isolation technology in the water inflow of the main shaft freezing hole in Tarangaole Coal Mine[J].Modern Mining,2016(7):187-190.